Firenze University Press: E-Journals
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A scuola con gli antichi
Get PDFIn the lively debate about a return to the classics, scholars emphasize the new meaning of this return. They dont accept a panegyrical approach, but insist on a return which give rise to questions important at the present time. I consider four scholars, Mario Vegetti, Salvatore Settis , Luciano Canfora, Maurizio Bettini, and analyze their criticism , particularly to the liceo classico, as it is organized in the Riforma Gelmini. I briefly discuss the educational methods , and what has been done to improve the study of greek and latin language and culture. At last I present some of the proposals made by Settis, Canfora and Bettini in order to update a return to the classics in the school
Polisemie del merito e della sua valutazione nei processi educativi
Get PDFStarting from the epistemological assumptions of the debate on educational evaluation, the essay discusses the different meanings given to the word “merit” in common use and, consequently, the different interpretations of evaluation processes informed by these ideas of merit in educational environments. Indeed this is a crucial issue in today's educational institutions, expression of what has been defined by Peter Dahler-Larsen as an “evaluation society”, where different evaluation processes, based on different ideologies, which often are not spelt out, are present at different levels of the educational system
Judicial Review
Get PDFIn this section is reported, edited by Nicola Lucifero the current Judicial Review
Unilateral absence of Casserio’s nerve and a communicating branch to the median nerve. An additional variant of brachial flexors motor innervation
Get PDFAnomalies of the brachial plexus including the distribution of the nerves as well as its terminal branches in the upper limb have been largely described in the literature. In this case report we describe a further variant of brachial plexus formation identified during routine anatomical dissection of the right upper limb of a 62-year-old Caucasian female cadaver. On the right side no musculocutaneous nerve was identified, the median nerve was formed as expected but a short extra branch communicating between the lateral cord and the medial head of the median nerve appeared. Coracobrachialis muscle was innervated by a direct branch from the lateral cord, while biceps brachialis and brachialis muscles were reached by collaterals of the median nerve. Moreover, in the distal half of the upper limb, the median nerve contributed to the innervation of the lateral aspect of the forearm skin via the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm. In order to analyze this specific variant relevance we compared it with all the similar previous reported cases, trying to explain the embryological bases of the variant. The knowledge of anatomical variations of peripheral nerves is pivotal not only for surgeons, radiologists and anesthesiologists that may operate on the axilla, but also for every medical doctor to understand inexplicable clinical signs
Median occipital fossa: is it really a sign of crime or simply an anatomical variant?
Get PDFAnatomical variants are alterations of the form, thickness, length, width, position of organs and anatomic structures that can cause problems of a functional nature. They can be vascular, bony, muscular and more. They represent anomalies that may cause disturbances or do not cause changes in functions. The criminologist Cesare Lombroso had correlated the anatomical variations to the criminal tendency. The most emblematic case was that related to the alleged brigand Villella, on which Lombroso, performing the autopsy, found in the skull the so-called medial occipital fossa or a third dimple. He stated that the median occipital dimple was considered a sign of atavism, the expression of the criminal. In fact all the anatomical variants described by Lombroso are variations of normality. No one ever said that anatomical variants were a sign of crime. In conclusion, anatomical variants cannot be related to crime tendency, therefore the debated median occipital fossa is only and simply an anatomical variant
Centriole enantiomerism: unexpected information from mice and fish
Get PDFIn mice, asymmetry of internal organs is established by a left-ward fluid flow, produced by the innermost monociliated cells of the node and sensed by the immotile primary cilia of left peri-nodal cells; thus, the Nodal signaling pathway is asymmetrically (left-sided) expressed. However, right peri-nodal cells also, if excited by an artificial right-ward flow, break symmetry and activate the Nodal cascade, though inverting the asymmetry of visceral organs (situs inversus): peri-nodal cells prove to be adept at distinguishing flow directionality; moreover, the same signaling pathway is identically triggered in left and right peri-nodal cells, producing two symmetric architectural results: one program, two different implementations, one input, two mirror outputs. Recently, in the Kupffer’s vesicle (the laterality organ of zebrafish), chiral cilia orientation has been described: primary cilia, in left and right half, are mirror oriented relative to the midline. Do Kupffer’s vesicle histology and perinodal cell mirror behavior suggest primary cilia are enantiomeric organelles
Do universal critical spine dimensions exist?
Get PDFThe effective spinal canal diameter is the fundamental index which will determine whether a patient of any compressive cervical spine pathology will get neurological deficit or not. So we analysed this index in our subset of population. 180 subjects with normal or near normal cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging were included. Antero-posterior diameter and transverse diameter of spinal canal from C3 to C7 was measured. Similarly spinal cord antero-posterior and transverse diameters were measured. Space available for cord was calculated at each of these levels in both sexes as the difference between the antero-posterior diameter of the spinal canal and that of the spinal cord. The mean value with standard deviation of cervical spinal canal diameter antero-posterior diameter at C3, C4, C5, C6 and C7 was 13.69±1.248, 13.34±1.186, 13.15±1.233, 13.12±1.275 and 13.73±1.226 mm respectively. The spinal cord antero-posterior diameter at the same level was 7.61±0.728, 7.58±0.677, 7.40±0.653, 7.12±0.657 and 6.69±0.622 mm respectively. The mean cervical spinal canal diameter of the local population in our region is different from the rest of the country. This has two implications; first the ancestral lineage is matching with some remote races of the world for which a detailed study may be needed. Secondly the dimension at which we call çritical stenosis may be different in the region as compared with the rest of the country
Morphological characterization of the posterior ethmoidal and additional ethmoidal canal in adult Croatian population
Get PDFThe anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina that open into canals entering the cranial cavity are situated on the medial orbital wall. Since there may be a variable number of accessory ethmoidal foramina and their anatomy appears to be dependent on studied population, we are presenting a study of frequency and morphological characteristics of posterior and additional ethmoidal canals in adult Croatian population. In this study 439 skulls from the Zagreb skull collection were examined in order to confirm the existence of the posterior ethmoidal canal that opens in the anterior cranial fossa and the additional ethmoidal canal that opens in ethmoidal cells. Length and width of both canals were analyzed on computerized tomography scans using Analyze 8.1. software. The posterior ethmoidal canal was found in 86% of skulls. In 10% of skulls the posterior and the additional ethmoidal canals were found. In 4% of skulls we found only the additional ethmoidal canal. On skulls that had the additional ethmoidal canal the posterior ethmoidal canal was shorter and narrower. Variations in communications between orbital cavity and anterior cranial fossa, as well as ethmoidal and sphenoid sinuses could be related to increased need for vascular and nerve supply. Moreover, knowing anatomical variations of the posterior ethmoidal canal is crucial for development of safe surgical and therapeutic guidelines both in orbital and cranial regions. Based on observed communications, we suggest the revision of commonly used nomenclature for the anterior and posterior, as well as additional ethmoidal canals.
