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Coordinate-Subordinate Composite Sentences as Representatives of Inner-Grade Multi-Category Syncretism
No full textThe article is devoted to the research of the representatives of inner-grade multi-category syncretism in the system of a composite conjunctive sentence. The expediency of the selection of coordinate-subordinate composite sentences, marked by inner-grade multi-category syncretism, is substantiated. Composite sentences revealing signs of coordinate and subordinate constructions are interpreted as representatives of inner-grade multi-category syncretism since they combine the differential features of composite sentences of various categories – complex and compound. The differentiation of transitional coordinate-subordinate structures to types, subtypes and varieties based on the syncretism of form, syncretism of meaning and syncretism of form and meaning at the same time, is motivated. There are four structural and semantic types of composite sentences, transitioned between coordination and subordination: 1) composite sentences, coordinate in form and subordinate in meaning; 2) composite sentences, subordinate in form and coordinate in meaning; 3) composite sentences, coordinate-subordinate in form and meaning; 4) partially phraseologized subordinate-coordinate composite sentences. The first three types are analyzed thoroughly as partially phraseologized sentences and represent not only the inner-level syncretism, but also the inter-level syncretism, combining the feature of phraseological and syntactic levels. Within the composite sentences, coordinate in form and subordinate in meaning, the subtypes are differentiated: causal and consequential, conditional and consequential and also of temporal sequence. Within the composite sentences, subordinate in form and coordinate in meaning, comparable, connecting and explanatory constructions are differentiated. Composite sentences, coordinate-subordinate in form and meaning, are differentiated on admitting-contradictory, quantitative-admitting-contradictory, dividing-admitting-contradictory and contradictory-admitting subtypes.The article is devoted to the research of the representatives of inner-grade multi-category syncretism in the system of a composite conjunctive sentence. The expediency of the selection of coordinate-subordinate composite sentences, marked by inner-grade multi-category syncretism, is substantiated. Composite sentences revealing signs of coordinate and subordinate constructions are interpreted as representatives of inner-grade multi-category syncretism since they combine the differential features of composite sentences of various categories – complex and compound. The differentiation of transitional coordinate-subordinate structures to types, subtypes and varieties based on the syncretism of form, syncretism of meaning and syncretism of form and meaning at the same time, is motivated. There are four structural and semantic types of composite sentences, transitioned between coordination and subordination: 1) composite sentences, coordinate in form and subordinate in meaning; 2) composite sentences, subordinate in form and coordinate in meaning; 3) composite sentences, coordinate-subordinate in form and meaning; 4) partially phraseologized subordinate-coordinate composite sentences. The first three types are analyzed thoroughly as partially phraseologized sentences and represent not only the inner-level syncretism, but also the inter-level syncretism, combining the feature of phraseological and syntactic levels. Within the composite sentences, coordinate in form and subordinate in meaning, the subtypes are differentiated: causal and consequential, conditional and consequential and also of temporal sequence. Within the composite sentences, subordinate in form and coordinate in meaning, comparable, connecting and explanatory constructions are differentiated. Composite sentences, coordinate-subordinate in form and meaning, are differentiated on admitting-contradictory, quantitative-admitting-contradictory, dividing-admitting-contradictory and contradictory-admitting subtypes
Ora e Sempre, Or About the Current State of Ivanov Studies
No full textThe article provides an overview of publications about Vjačeslav Ivanov from the last three years in the context of a panoramic review of all Ivanov studies. This overview is based on a review of literary criticism from 1903 to 1995 undertaken by P. Davidson, who distinguished the main stages of mastering the poet’s many-sided legacy in the 20th century: the development of his literary reputation; inclusion into the literary canon of Russian modernism; the period of oblivion and, finally, the return of the poet’s name to the realm of Russian and European literary studies. The main subject under consideration is the development of Russian Ivanov studies, and the identification of existing methodological approaches to Ivanov’s heritage. The criterion base of this taxonomy is the distinction between the history of literature and literary history as a distinction between the integral, conceptualizing and empirical fields of philology science. An analysis of contemporary Ivanov studies allows us to make a conclusion about the prevalence of empirical approaches (studying the facts of Ivanov’s life and work) and the existence of a conceptual deficiency connected with the crisis of the humanities in general.The article provides an overview of publications about Vjačeslav Ivanov from the last three years in the context of a panoramic review of all Ivanov studies. This overview is based on a review of literary criticism from 1903 to 1995 undertaken by P. Davidson, who distinguished the main stages of mastering the poet’s many-sided legacy in the 20th century: the development of his literary reputation; inclusion into the literary canon of Russian modernism; the period of oblivion and, finally, the return of the poet’s name to the realm of Russian and European literary studies. The main subject under consideration is the development of Russian Ivanov studies, and the identification of existing methodological approaches to Ivanov’s heritage. The criterion base of this taxonomy is the distinction between the history of literature and literary history as a distinction between the integral, conceptualizing and empirical fields of philology science. An analysis of contemporary Ivanov studies allows us to make a conclusion about the prevalence of empirical approaches (studying the facts of Ivanov’s life and work) and the existence of a conceptual deficiency connected with the crisis of the humanities in general
A sustainability indicator for building projects in presence of risk/uncertainty over time: a research experience
Get PDFAim of the paper is to present the results of a research experience focused on the setting of a sustainability indicator in presence of risk/uncertainty over time. Firstly, a literature review of the most widespread methodologies for the evaluation of project economic sustainability in a life cycle perspective is presented, extrapolating the most relevant research lines; secondly, a four steps research experience is illustrated. The methodology for calculating a stochastic economic-environmental indicator is proposed, by adopting a stochastic Global Cost approach to solve Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA). The input for the analysis are modeled through Probability Distribution Functions, while the durability of components is modeled through the stochastic approach to the Factor Method
Branchial cleft cysts: serie of 33 cases and review of the literature
Get PDFBranchial cleft cysts develop because an anomaly in the caudal growth of the second arch over the third and the fourth ones. They usually present as an asymptomatic circumscribed movable mass, close to the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The location depends on the branchial pouch or cleft they are derived from. We present a retrospective study including 30 cases analysing epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and complications. We obtained the following results: 15 of the 30 patients were females and 15 males. Age ranged from 19 to 81 years with an average of 40. All cysts had origin from the second branchial cleft. Twenty-three appeared as painless cervical masses, 5 were painful and 2 had an infection. Clinical suspicion of branchial cleft cyst formed in 23 cases. Computerized tomography and fine needle aspiration cytology was used in 18 cases, magnetic resonance alone in 1 and only ultrasound in 1. Branchial cleft cyst is a differential diagnosis of a lateral neck swelling mass and the most accurate diagnostic test is magnetic resonance, but computerized tomography is the most often performed in most hospitals. Treatment is surgical excision
An unusual variation of abductor digiti minimi manus and its clinical significance
Get PDFThe abductor digiti minimi manus muscle usually has two heads and two insertions, often close to each other. Accessory bellies of this muscle have been vastly described in anatomy textbooks. During routine dissection of an adult male cadaver left forearm and hand we observed a rare variation of this muscle, in which there was an accessory muscle band which originated from the palmaris longus muscle tendon and traversed through the Guyon’s canal, an anatomical tunnel that is occupied by the ulnar nerve and artery. This type of anatomic variation is often associated with ulnar tunnel syndrome, in which the accessory belly is the source of a neurovascular compression causing pain, weakness of the muscles in the hand, and loss of motor and sensitive functions
Ansa pancreatica. Review of the literature
Get PDFAnsa pancreatica is a reversed S-shaped pancreatic duct arising from the main pancreatic duct of Wirsung and ending at or near the minor duodenal papilla. Described for the first time in 1961, it is a rare anatomic variant of the pancreatic ducts system and is characterized by the absence of the accessory duct of Santorini. It probably serves as a counter measure after the accessory duct obliteration, in order to maintain sufficient pancreatic juice drainage. The literature concerning ansa pancreatica seems to be rather poor, compared to other anatomic variants and congenital anomalies of the pancreatic ducts. We tried to define the ansa pancreatica incidence among general population and highlight the possible differences between different populations, and to define its possible correlation with pancreatitis. The existing data correlate ansa pancreatica with recurrent acute pancreatitis and pancreatitis in alcoholics. Despite the lack of extended data, ansa pancreatica is a rare anatomic variant, proven to play an important role in certain clinical conditions
Can the vertical jump height measure the lower limbs muscle strength?
Get PDFThe vertical jump is frequently used for the functional evaluation of athletes and non-sporting subjects. The jump height is often used as an indicator of lower limbs strength. The aim of this study was to verify the presence of a relationship between the maximum height reached and muscle parameters expressed during the vertical jump. In 22 healthy males practicing recreational physical activity (age, mean ± standard deviation: 22.5±1.2 years; body mass: 72.8±13.2 kg; body height: 177.1±7.0 cm) and in 15 female volley players (age: 16.5±0.4 years; body mass: 64.4± 8.4 kg; body height: 175.5±7.9 cm), Jump Height (cm), Muscle Strength (N/kg) and Power (W/kg) were recorded during the jump tests. In the healthy males group, jump height was correlated with muscle power: r = 0.33, p>0.05; a higher correlation resulted between muscle strength and power: r = 0.62, p<0.01. In the female volleyball players group, only the muscle strength and power showed a correlation: r = 0.54, p<0.05. It is therefore possible to confirm that the jump height reached during a vertical jump does not provide clear information on the strength of the lower limbs. At the same time, an improvement in muscular strength of the lower limbs does not guarantee an increase in jump height. Several parameters should be evaluated at the same time for a correct functional assessment of athletes and healthy non-sporting subjects
Classification and phenotypic spectrum of atypical orofacial clefts – A single centre study
Get PDFOrofacial clefts, among the commonest birth defects, can extend atypically onto splanchnocranium. To analyse the phenotypic spectrum of atypical orofacial clefts and relate clinical diagnosis with other topographic and pathomorphogenetic classifications, a cross sectional descriptive study was performed on 500 children aged ≤18 years with orofacial clefts over three years. Pattern of malformation and clinical diagnosis were established in children with atypical clefts. Evaluation focussed on type of cleft, laterality, dysmorphology and associated anomalies. Topographic and morphogenetic classifications were tabulated against clinical diagnosis. Statistical analysis was descriptive. Results: Among 500 children with orofacial clefts, associated or syndromic clefts were seen in 116 and atypical clefts in 21. Thus, atypical clefts constituted 4.2% of all clefts and 18.1% of associated clefts. Of children with atypical clefts, bilaterality was seen in 11 (52.4%) subjects. Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum constituted the largest group with nine children. Others included Treacher Collins syndrome phenotype, amniotic band sequence, frontonasal dysplasia sequence, holoprosencephaly sequence and heminasal aplasia. A majority were male (16, i.e. 76.2%). Risk factors included advanced paternal age, young maternal age and first birth order. Neuroimaging abnormalities included semilobar holoprosencephaly, interrupted ventricular system with schizencephaly and acrania. A majority were lateral clefts corresponding to Tessier 7 (9, i.e. 42.9%). Others included oblique (6, i.e. 28.6%) and median (6, i.e. 28.6%). Morphogenetically, malar and mandibular hypoplasia were significant in nine cases each. In conclusion, atypical orofacial clefts, though rare, constitute an important group of conditions with phenotypic heterogeneity. Topographic and morphogenetic classifications based on different principles would aid in the clinical diagnosis and guide in further work up
