IR@CGCRI - Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute (CSIR)
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Paper-Based Stable Broad Band Optical Detector Made from Mixed Cation Organic Perovskite Halides
No full textWe report a paper-based photodetector made from mixed cation organic perovskite halide MA(1-x)FA(x)PbI(3) (MA = methylammonium (CH3NH3); FA = formamidium CH(NH2)(2)). The detector shows a substantial photogain and photoresponse at low illumination intensity (<10 mu W/cm(2)) and a broad band response that extends from 300 to 800 nm at the optimum substitutional level with x = 0.4. A peak responsivity of 0.27 A/W in the paper photodetector was observed at a wavelength of similar to 775 nm at a bias of 5 V. The responsivity stayed above 0.1 A/W for a broad optical wavelength range of 550 to 825 nm that covers a good range of the visible spectra. The detector has a low dark current (<10(-9) A) at highest bias of operation and an rms current noise of <= 10 pA. The mixed halide detector was grown on conventional paper using a one-pot chemical process. The detector reported here is stable at a room ambience and does not deteriorate under prolonged exposure to illumination. It combines the high response of MAPbI(3) and the stability of FAPbI(3). The paper photodetector is useful in a number of applications needing flexible and disposable detectors, and the power requirement even at full operation is <0.5 mu W at a low bias (<5 V) making it compatible with battery-powered operation
Effect of processing parameters on mullite bonded SiC membrane for turbid water filtration
No full textA water-filtration membrane made of SiC possesses some excellent properties, but its application is limited by high fabrication cost. In this study, two sets of mullite bonded porous SiC ceramics membranes were prepared at reduced temperature by oxidation bonding method using different processing conditions. Dead-end filtration mode was utilized for the determination of permeability and their efficiency towards removal of turbidity. It was found that all the membranes prepared using different composition, pore formers (graphite, PVC and PMMA) and sintering temperature exhibited high turbidity removal efficiency (> 99%). This study provides an efficient method to prepare porous SiC ceramics with excellent permeability and turbidity removal efficiency, which will be helpful for the design of low cost SiC ceramic filters for water treatment
Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer-Mediated Amphiphilic Copolymeric Composite as a Nanocarrier for Drug Delivery Application
No full textMagnetic core-shell nanoparticle (NP)-polymer-based composite materials, in which the stimuli-responsive polymer acts as a suitable shell, become more advantageous as nanocarriers. Here, nanocomposites comprising magneto-responsive gamma-Fe2O3 NPs that incorporated amphiphilic copolymers have been synthesized. At first, the copolymer dextran grafted with poly(N-vinyl caprolactam)] has been prepared via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization followed by ex situ incorporation of gamma-Fe(2)O(3 )NPs. The copolymerization is living in nature as apparent from molecular weight distribution (determined using advanced polymer chromatography, i.e., APC analysis) and the reaction kinetics study. The developed nanocomposite exhibits regular core-shell morphology, where the magnetic NPs have been found to behave as the core, while the copolymer represents as the shell, as obvious from field emission scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analyses. The nanocarrier is non-cytotoxic and has further been studied for its effectivity as an efficient carrier for a hydrophobic drug (naproxen)
Collaborative R&D Cum Nondisclosure Agreement titled ”Development of high-power optical amplifier"
No full textPermeability Behavior and Wastewater Filtration Performance of Mullite Bonded Porous SiC Ceramic Membrane Prepared Using Coal Fly Ash as Sintering Additive
No full textWith SiC as starting powder, waste fly ash as sintering additive and metal oxide as catalyst, mullite bonded SiC ceramic membrane was prepared at 1000 degrees C using the conventional solid-state reaction method. Permeability parameters in both air and water flow tests were obtained using laboratory made set-up and the pure water permeability was measured at variable transmembrane pressures. The membrane exhibited excellent pure water flux of 5261 L.m(-2).h(-1).bar(-1) with open porosity of 44.7% and mean pore size of 3.7 mu m. With this membrane a high oil removal efficiency of 91% was achieved from the kitchen wastewater having initial oil concentration of 1657 mg.L-1. The method developed here is technologically benign and addressed prevention of environmental pollution by utilizing hazardous waste material for fabrication of porous SiC ceramic membrane at a reduced cost with good mechanical, permeability characteristics and wastewater filtration efficiency. Hence, the proposed method for SiC membranes has good sustainability and is scalable for oily wastewater treatment
Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Method for Estimation of Methotrexate Drug Intercalated in Mg-Al Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoparticles
No full textIn the present study, pristine magnesium aluminium layered double hydroxide (Mg-Al LDH, sample A) nanoparticles were synthesized by simple co-precipitation technique followed by intercalation of methotrexate drug (MTX), their detailed physicochemical characterization and development of RP-HPLC method for estimation of MTX intercalated in Mg-Al LDH nanoparticles (sample B). The PXRD analysis showed the basal spacing of 003 plane corresponding to sample A and sample B to be 8.63 angstrom and 11.39 angstrom, respectively. Particle size distributions were measured to be 56-75 nm (D-50=66.15 nm) in case of sample A and 75-100 nm (D-50=87.41 nm) for sample B. Simple, accurate RP-HPLC method was developed for estimation of the MTX drug from sample B, on Agilent HPLC 1200 system with UV detector on L1 column. 0.02 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (pH 3.0) and acetonitrile (85:15 v/v) was used as mobile phase in an isocratic elution mode at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at 35 degrees C with a load of 10 mu L at 307 nm. The retention time for methotrexate was at 4.44 min. The method was validated as per ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines. The method was found to be linear over a concentration range of 10-100 mu g/mL
Existence of Griffiths phase and unusual spin dynamics in double perovskite Tb2CoMnO6
No full textThe structural, electronic structure and magnetic properties of double pervoskite Tb2CoMnO6 have been investigated. Electronic structure analysis by X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy Study (XPS) study reveals the presence of mixed oxidation state (Mn4+/Mn3+ and Co2+/Co3+) of B-site ions. Different interesting phenomena such as emergence of Griffith phase, appearance of Hopkinson like peak and also unusual slow relaxation are observed. It has been demonstrated that the presence of inherent anti-site disorder along with mixed valence states of B-site ions and Jahn-Teller active ions are the most important ingredients for the evolution of Griffith phase. Moreover, the presence of Hopkinson like peak has been attributed to the domain wall motion and the large anisotropy field. The further study yielded that the relaxation associated with this peak is unusually slow
Removal of heavy metals by surface tailored copper ion enhanced ceramic-supported-polymeric composite nanofiltration membrane
No full textCeramic-supported-polymeric (CSP) composite membranes combine the benefits of robust ceramic support with
tunable surface properties of polymeric active layer. The present work reports the fabrication of novel CSP
composite nanofiltration membranes wherein surface ionization of the membrane active layers has been carried
out by a facile process of chelating copper ions with the crosslinked polyethyleneimine polymer matrix of membrane top layer. Different concentrations of copper chloride solutions were used and their effect on mem-brane surface properties was investigated using EDX, XPS and AFM analyses. Performance of the membranes in removal of both cationic and anionic heavy metals, namely, Ni(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), As(V) and Cr(VI) from aqueous solution was studied. Excellent removal (> 95%) of all the heavy metals and optimum flux was achieved in case of GPCu0.5 membrane (surface modified with 0.5 wt% copper chloride solution). No significant decrease in flux and rejection rate of the membrane during 10 h high pressure (8 bar) operation suggested longevity of the membrane. The slow release of copper ions indicated the much-expected anti-biofouling nature of the mem-brane. Appreciable rejection behavior of the copper ion enhanced CSP composite membrane towards multiple heavy metals demonstrates its potential for practical water treatment application
Polypyrrole and associated hybrid nanocomposites as chemiresistive gas sensors: A comprehensive review
No full textThe detection of toxic and flammable gases entwines a wide diversity of application purposes, such as medical diagnosis, food quality monitoring, environmental tracking, and so forth. In recent, polypyrrole (PPy) nanostructure and its hybrid composite have been emerged as an auspicious gas sensing element because of their unique physicochemical attributes. This review article demonstrates a comprehensive outlook of rapid progress in polypyrrole (PPy) and associated hybrid composite based chemiresistive gas sensors till now. Furthermore, the role of PPy nanostructures and organic or inorganic additives (CNT, graphene or its derivative, metal nanoparticle, metal oxides, metal sulfides) in PPy matrix towards improved gas sensing performance are discussed hereunder. The detailed and systematic discussion on the synthesis strategies, gas sensing principle of the PPy nanostructures, and its composites along with the development of sensor device configuration provide an in-depth understanding of the aforesaid topic to the readers. However, some relevant limitations of PPy and associated composites based gas sensor are addressed after investigating the thorough literature survey. Finally, this article will promote an advanced as well as focused direction to the readers for further development of PPy based high-performance gas sensing devices
Fabrication and multifunctional properties of marigold-like nanostructured beta-Ni(OH)(2) coated cotton fabric
No full textOil spillage from petroleum industry and also the mixing of industrial wastewater into water bodies are some of the major ways of water pollution. Low cost, biodegradable and biocompatible materials are highly required for tackling the pollution problem without causing further indirect pollution. In this work, a superamphiphilic nanomarigold-like beta-Ni(OH)(2) based coating on commercial cotton fabric (bNH-CF) has been fabricated by a simple one pot hydrothermal process. The fabric is able to simultaneously separate oil and water from oil-water mixtures where the sample is pre-wetted by either oil or water. The coated fabric shows under-oil superhydrophobicity and underwater superoleophobicity. The sample is able to separate both light and heavy oils from oil-water mixtures, oil-alkaline/acidic/salt/hot water mixtures with similar to 99% separation efficiency. In addition, it shows an excellent reusability (up to 50 cycles) with superior mechanical and chemical durability under harsh conditions without affecting the nanomarigold-like structure of beta-Ni(OH)(2) that developed upon the cotton fabric. The presence of beta-Ni(OH)(2) coated fabric shows significant bacterial (E. coli and S. aureus) and fungal (C. albicans) reduction in contaminated water. Hence, the coated cotton fabric fabricated by cost effective process can be useful for hassle-free simultaneous separation of oil-water mixtures as well as removal/growth inhibition of microbes from wastewater. The coated fabric also shows significant electrical conductivity. On the other hand, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane modified beta-Ni(OH)(2) coated fabric (bNHS-CF) shows excellent in-air superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning and anti-staining properties.Thus, the versatility of coated fabric can broaden the domain of practical applications as antimicrobial and superwetting multifunctional textiles. GRAPHICS]