IR@CGCRI - Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute (CSIR)
Not a member yet
4657 research outputs found
Sort by
Designed and synthesized de novo ANTPABA-PDI nanomaterial as an acceptor in inverted solar cell at ambient atmosphere
No full textIn this work, a novel soluble and air-stable electron acceptor containing perylenediimide moiety named ANTPABA-PDI was designed and synthesized with band gap 1.78eV and that was used as non-fullerene acceptor material. ANTPABA-PDI possess not only good solubility but also much lower LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) energy level. Furthermore, its excellent electron acceptor capability also supported by density functional theory calculation which validates the experimental observations. Inverted organic solar cell has been fabricated using ANTPABA-PDI along with P3HT as standard donor material in ambient atmosphere. The device, after characterization in open air, exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 1.70%. This is the first ever PDI based organic solar cell that has been fabricated completely in ambient atmosphere. The characterizations of the device have also been performed in ambient atmosphere. This kind of stable organic material can easily be used in fabricating organic solar cell and therefore it can be used as the best alternative as non-fullerene acceptor materials
Effects of chemical corrosion and thermal shock on the properties of mullite- and cordierite-bonded porous SiC ceramics prepared using waste fly ash
No full textThe chemical corrosion resistance properties of newly developed oxide (mullite-, cordierite)-bonded SiC ceramics prepared using mixture of waste fly ash and metal oxide additives were investigated in environments containing Na2SO4 at temperature 1000 degrees C for 8 h. The thermal shock resistance to cooling were evaluated as a function of quenching cycles. The changes in weight, flexural strength, and morphology due to thermal and chemical corrosion were examined. The mechanisms of flexural strength degradation due to chemical and thermal corrosion were analyzed, and the results were compared with literature data. In the hot corrosion by Na2SO4, the cordierite component was severely attacked in the cordierite-bonded SiC ceramics resulted similar to 34% strength degradation after 8 h corrosion; on the contrary, mullite-bonded SiC ceramics exhibited similar to 4% improvement of flexural strength. The chemical and thermal shock resistance results suggest a potential advantage of porous SiC ceramics prepared using waste fly ash for several industrial applications
Experimental and theoretical divulging of electronic structure and optical properties of Zn-doped SnSe thermoelectric materials
No full textElectron momentum densities (EMDs) of undoped and Zn-doped SnSe are measured using a 100 mCi 241Am Compton spectrometer. Various density functional theories and hybrid exchange and correlation potentials (LDA, PBE, PBEsol, PBE0, and B3LYP) within the linear combinations of atomic orbitals (LCAO) calculations have been attempted to compute Compton profiles (CPs) and electronic structure of the doped and undoped SnSe. Among all the Compton line shapes predicted using first principles, B3LYP approximation-based EMDs are found to be in a better reconciliation with the CP measurements. Experimental data is also analyzed in terms of localization of Zn-d states. Going beyond the LCAO method, the density of state (DOS), energy bands, reflectance, dielectric constant, and absorption coefficient for Zn-doped (Sn0.97Zn0.03Se and Sn0.95Zn0.05Se) and undoped SnSe are computed using the FP-LAPW-mBJ method. It is seen that Sn-5s and Se-4p orbitals are responsible for the formation of the indirect band gap. Interestingly, Zn doping in SnSe (Sn0.97Zn0.03Se and Sn0.95Zn0.05Se) leads to interstitial bands in the low energy side of the conduction region leading to electron trapping centres and reduction of band gap (from 0.816 to 0.508eV in case of FP-LAPW-mBJ scheme and 1.152 to 0.510 eV in case of LCAO-B3LYP scheme). Our works evidently support the positive effect of Zn doping in enhancing the electronic and thermoelectric properties of the SnSe by forming interstitial bands. Apart from this, undoped and Zn-doped SnSe can also be used for solar cells as an absorber material and detection of ultraviolet (B and C) rays. Due to the formation of interstitial bands induced trapping centres, Zn-doped SnSe can also be uniquely employed in thermoluminescence devices (TLDs)
Study and Realization of Environmental Health Diagnosis by Using Nanomaterial Based Fiber Optic Sensor-A Review
No full textIn these days, the significance of fiber optic sensors has exceptionally increased due to technological advances in modern society. Nowadays, researchers are attracted toward the development of a sensor that possesses the integration of both fiber optic sensors and nanocomposite thin film to improve the sensor's performance. Thin-film nanomaterial based optical fiber sensors have great potential applications, namely, gas sensing, chemical sensing, biomolecules, food plant, industrial hazards, safety issues, drug monitoring, and heavy metal detections. There are various techniques, namely, evanescent field absorption spectroscopy, fiber Bragg grating (FBG), long-period grating (LPG), ringdown spectroscopy, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) techniques, and so on, which are used for the development of fiber optic sensors that are majorly emphasized in the current article. Numerous scientific researchers have demonstrated that functionalized fiber optic sensors are found more beneficial in terms of improvement of the sensing performance, such as sensitivity, repeatability, response time, specificity, recovery time, and repeatability. Henceforth, in this review article, we have focused on these requisite sensing parameters in detail. Furthermore, to keep human beings healthy, it is our responsibility to develop a sensor that can monitor the optimum toxic concentrations accurately. Thus, the monitoring of industrial environmental pollutants, such as NH3, ethylenediamine, alcohol, and acetone, is immensely important to save human lives on Earth. In the report, all the details of the target analytes, such as optimum concentrations, adverse effects on human beings, and monitoring techniques, are discussed
Advancing Electrode Properties through Functionalization for Solid Oxide Cells Application: A Review
No full textHydrogen energy has emerged as the only renewable which is capable of sustaining the prevalent energy crisis in conjunction with other intermittent sources. In this connection, solid oxide cell (SOC) is the most sustainable solid-state devices capable of recycling and reproducing green hydrogen fuel. It is operable in reversible modes viz, fuel cell (FC) and electrolysis cell (EC). SOC is capable of engaging multiple fuels thereby promoting carbon neutral planet. The all-solid design further augments the optimization of cost, efficiency, durability and endurance at higher temperature. Electrodes are therefore, an important component which is responsible for electrocatalytic processing of fuel and oxidant for higher recyclability of cell/stack. The present review article embarks a detailed overview on the past and present status of electrode composition, heterointerface engineering applicable for SOC's. Recent trends in electrode engineering and the possibilities for advancement in SOC is also reviewed with respect to both experimental and computational aspects
In vitro assessment of corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of tantalum-niobium oxide surface-functionalized Mg alloy
No full textMagnesium alloys have been considered as temporary biomaterials for orthopedic applications. Despite having great mechanical (bone-like) characteristics and osseointegration, magnesium alloys deteriorate quickly in physiological conditions. Modifying the Mg alloy surface with tantalum-based thin films is an effective process to reduce the rate of corrosion and improve biocompatibility. In the present work, tantalum-niobium oxide nanocomposite thin films were successively deposited on Mg-Al6-Zn1.5-Cu2-Ge0.5 Mg alloys via reactive magnetron sputtering to improve anticorrosion and biocompatibility. Crystallographic structure, surface morphology and chemical compositions were characterized using XRD, TEM, FE-SEM, EDS and XPS. Electrochemical and hydrogen evolution experiments were used to evaluate the resistance to corrosion of the samples. The biocompatibility of the samples was evaluated by cell viability using the osteoblast cell line (MC3T3-E1). Results revealed the existence of the composite thin-film in the crystalline form and the cauliflower-like clustered morphology. Enhancement in the corrosion resistance of nanocomposite coatings was confirmed by a decrease in current density (Icorr) during the polarization studies. The wettability studies revealed the hydrophilic character of the coatings and they are bioactive in simulated body fluid (SBF) after 5 days by the mineralization of calcium phosphate. The hemocompatibility assessment proved that the coatings were blood compatible in nature. MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay on MC3T3-E1 cells showed that tantalumniobium oxide thin films are biocompatible and can stimulate cellular proliferation and differentiation. Overall
Nature-Driven Biocompatible Epidermal Electronic Skin for Real-Time Wireless Monitoring of Human Physiological Signals
No full textWearable bioelectronic patches are creating a transformative effect in the health care industry for human physiological signal monitoring. However, the use of such patches is restricted due to the unavailability of a proper power source. Ideal biodevices should be thin, soft, robust, energy-efficient, and biocompatible. Here, we report development of a flexible, lightweight, and biocompatible electronic skin-cum-portable power source for wearable bioelectronics by using a processed chicken feather fiber. The device is fabricated with a novel, breathable composite of biowaste chicken feather and organic poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) polymer, where the chicken feather fiber constitutes the ``microbones'' of the PVDF, enhancing its piezoelectric phase content, biocompatibility, and crystallinity. Thanks to its outstanding pressure sensitivity, the fabricated electronic skin is used for the monitoring of different human physiological signals such as body motion, finger and joint bending, throat activities, and pulse rate with excellent sensitivity. A wireless system is developed to remotely receive the different physiological signals as captured by the electronic skin. We also explore the capabilities of the device as a power source for other small electronics. The piezoelectric energy harvesting device can harvest a maximum output voltage of similar to 28 V and an area power density of 1.4 mu W center dot cm-2 from the human finger imparting. The improved energy harvesting property of the device is related to the induced higher fraction of the electroactive phase in the composite. The easy process ability, natural biocompatibility, superior piezoelectric performance, high pressure sensitivity, and alignment toward wireless transmission of the captured data make the device a promising candidate for wearable bioelectronic patches and power sources
Gain-induced Kerr beam cleaning in a femtosecond fiber amplifier
No full textKerr beam cleaning is a nonlinear phenomenon in graded-index multimode fiber where power flows toward the fundamental mode, generating bell-shaped output beams. Here we study beam cleaning of femtosecond pulses accompanied by gain in a multimode fiber amplifier. Mode-resolved energy measurements and numerical simulations showed that the amplifier generates beams with high fundamental mode content (greater than 30% of the overall pulse energy) for a wide range of amplification levels. Control experiments using stretched pulses that evolve without strong Kerr nonlinear effects showed a degrading beam profile, in contrast to nonlinear beam cleaning. Temporal measurements showed that seed pulse parameters have a strong effect on the amplified pulse quality. These results may influence the design of future high-performance fiber lasers and amplifiers. (c) 2023 Optica Publishing Grou
Effect of gamma ray irradiation on optical and luminescence properties of CeO2 doped bismuth glass
No full textHigh lead oxide based Radiation Shielding Window (RSW) glass is highly toxic in nature and thus health haz-ardous. Therefore, a new way to design environmental friendly non-toxic lead-free RSW glass for nuclear application is very much required. In this work, a lead-free non-toxic glass based on multi-component Bi2O3--BaO-B2O3-ZnO-As2O3-MgO-Na2O system has been studied with different concentrations of cerium oxide (CeO2) as doping agent for enhancing radiation shielding effect. The optical properties of cerium doped bismuth based lead-free radiation shielding glass after exposure to gamma radiation up to 105 rad have been studied. The densities of glass varied from 4.59 to 5.05 g/cc on varying concentrations of bismuth oxide and boron trioxide in glass system. The transmission properties in visible regions from 400 to 1000 nm are investigated through UV-visible spectrometer after exposure to gamma radiation on developed glass using 60Co Gamma Chamber GC5000. The structure of glass as characterized by Raman spectroscopy, XRD, Photoluminescence (PL), FESEM with EDAX, refractive index measurement and dilatometry test has been correlated with its properties. The developed bismuth glass could find its application as lead-free RSW glass in nuclear reactors as an alternative to high lead containing glass
