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Tracing location by applying Emerald luciferase in an early phase of murine endometriotic lesion formation
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α1-Adrenergic receptor mediates adipose-derived stem cell sheet-induced protection against chronic heart failure after myocardial infarction in rats
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Method to Predict Rotor Outputs of VAWT Cluster by Using Wake Model Mimicking the CFD-Created Flow Field
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Factorial structure of nursing practices related to support for decision-making regarding consent for surgery in elderly patients with dementia
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Dynamics of The Cytosilic Ca2+ Concentration in Acutely Dissociated Subfornical Organ Neurons of Rats：Mechanisms of Angiotensin II-Activation and GABA-mediated Inhibitition
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Absorption, metabolism, and urine excretion of components in Brazilian green propolis
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Monitoring the physical state of wood during multiple tensile load-unload cycles by the eigenvalue distribution of near infrared spectra
Get PDFWood is a typical viscoelastic material that shows a clear mechanical hysteresis loop during cyclic loading, which implies the irreversibility of the process and is important for the processing and long-term utility of wood. Changes in the physical state of wood were examined during multiple tensile load-unload cycles based on the eigenvalue distribution of the near-infrared spectra. The set of eigenvalues H = {λ1, λ2, …, λn}, calculated from the spectral matrix successively acquired during the cycling test, was treated as the Hamiltonian, which represents the energy eigenstate of the wood. Using statistical physics and random matrix theory, the variation in the physical state of wood was discussed from both macroscopic and microscopic perspectives. Unlike traditional methods, the energy state of wood can be followed in real time during cyclic loading; in other words, the Helmholtz free energy and Shannon entropy varied with load changes. The commutator, defined by the density and diagonal matrix of H, could be used to quantitatively evaluate the irreversible changes in wood during the cyclic processes. The proposed method is independent of a specific coordinate system, and can therefore be applied using a wide variety of chemical information other than that obtained from the near-infrared spectra
