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ビョウリガクテキ ・ デンシ ケンビキョウガクテキ ケンキュウ ニ ヨッテ アキラカ ニ ナッタ コウエン キキュウ ノ ２メンセイ ワ 、 スイホウセイ ルイテンポウソウ ノ ビョウタイ ニ フカク カンヨ スル
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セキズイ ソンショウ シャ ニ オケル ジョクソウ ノ ジュツゴ サイハツ ヨボウ ： ジュツゼン ジュツゴ ノ シーティング センモンカ ニ ヨル クルマイス チョウセイ ノ コウカ
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Interannual changes of land surface conditions in Asian dust source regions since 2000
Get PDFThe Taklimakan and Gobi deserts and the Loess Plateau in China and Mongolia are generally recognized source areas for Asian dust. However, dust emissions depend on meteorological factors such as air pressure and land surface conditions, and precise information on land surface conditions in the dust source areas and the frequency of dust events in Japan is lacking. In this study, interannual changes of land surface conditions in the springtime since 2000 were examined in a target source region (35°N-50°N, 100°E-120°E). Back trajectory analysis results showed that most dust trajectories of the past 10 years mainly followed three routes passing over this target region. Both the number of Asian dust events observed in Japan and the area with a threshold wind speed Ut of <10 m s-1 in the target region significantly decreased after 2000. Further, the area of Ut < 10 m s-1 and the number of events were significantly correlated. These results may reflect a decrease in the bare land surface area, which is associated with dust outbreaks
Microstructural Ductile Fracture Analysis of 1180-MPa Class Martensite-Matrix Dual-phase Steel via in-situ Tensile Test
Get PDFMartensite-matrix dual-phase (DP) steel is increasingly used for high-strength automobile parts owing to its excellent compatibility, ductility, and tensile strength. However, its higher fracture strain, reflected by the hole expansion ratio, remains an issue hindering further adoption of this material. Therefore, this study conducted a microscale investigation of the ductile fracture behavior of 1180-MPa class martensite-matrix DP steel to obtain a guideline for microstructural design realizing improved fracture strain. In this investigation, in-situ tensile testing was conducted simultaneously with scanning electron microscope observations and crystal plasticity finite-element analysis (CP-FEA). The in-situ tensile test results indicated that microcracks initiated at particular martensite packets and did not propagate into other packets; the CP-FEA results revealed that the martensite crystal orientation caused this behavior to induce remarkable stress and strain localization at interfaces in the vicinity of ferrite islands, relaxing the stress and strain localization at distant martensite packets. Although the cracks observed around the ferrite–martensite interfaces were similar to those observed in conventional ferrite-matrix DP steel, such matrix-phase cracks have rarely been reported except immediately prior to final fracture. Thus, the optimization of ferrite island distribution to suppress the formation of stress and strain localization sites was identified as the key aspect of martensite-matrix DP steel microstructure design. This design aspect can be achieved using a combination of data science and CP-FEA
Synthesis of the matriglycan hexasaccharide, -3Xylα1-3GlcAβ1-trimer and its interaction with laminin
Get PDFMatriglycan, a polysaccharide that is a pivotal part of the core M3 O-mannosyl glycan composed of the repeating disaccharide -3Xylα1-3GlcAβ1-, interacts with laminin to stabilize muscle tissue. We herein report the synthesis of matriglycan-repeating hexasaccharides equipped with an alkyne linker to form glycoconjugates. The key step in the formation of an α-linked xylosyl glycoside was resolved by solvent-specific separation from an anomeric mixture. Successful glycan elongation was regio- and stereoselectively performed to obtain (-3Xylα1-3GlcAβ1)3-O(C2H4O)3CH2CCH and the biotin conjugate. We also investigated interactions between matriglycan hexasaccharides and laminin-G-like domains 4 and 5 of laminin-α2 using saturation transfer difference-NMR. The dissociation constant obtained from bio-layer interferometry was estimated to be 7.5 × 10-8 M. These results indicate that a chemical approach may be applied to the reconstruction of muscle tissue
The effects of preoperative alcohol, tobacco, and psychological stress on postoperative complications: a prospective observational study
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Photosensitizer verteporfin inhibits the growth of YAP? and TAZ?dominant gastric cancer cells by suppressing the anti?apoptotic protein Survivin in a light?independent manner
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