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Filamentous structures in the cell envelope are associated with bacteroidetes gliding machinery
Get PDFMany bacteria belonging to the phylum Bacteroidetes move on solid surfaces, called gliding motility. In our previous study with the Bacteroidetes gliding bacterium Flavobacterium johnsoniae, we proposed a helical loop track model, where adhesive SprB filaments are propelled along a helical loop on the cell surface. In this study, we observed the gliding cell rotating counterclockwise about its axis when viewed from the rear to the advancing direction of the cell and revealed that one labeled SprB focus sometimes overtook and passed another SprB focus that was moving in the same direction. Several electron microscopic analyses revealed the presence of a possible multi-rail structure underneath the outer membrane, which was associated with SprB filaments and contained GldJ protein. These results provide insights into the mechanism of Bacteroidetes gliding motility, in which the SprB filaments are propelled along tracks that may form a multi-rail system underneath the outer membrane. The insights may give clues as to how the SprB filaments get their driving force
The impact of negative and positive affectivity on the relationship between work-related psychological factors and work engagement in Japanese workers: a comparison of psychological distress
Get PDFBackground: A previous study has shown that Japanese individuals generally exhibit behavior that suppresses the expression of positive emotions, which are strongly affected by affectivity traits. In the present study, to clarify the relationship between affectivity traits and work engagement (WE) or work-related psychosocial factors among Japanese workers, we compared it to the association between psychological distress and these same factors. Methods: A total of 1,000 full-time Japanese regular workers responded to an online survey that measured demographic variables, negative and positive affectivity, job demands and resources, WE, and psychological distress. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted separately, which used WE and psychological distress as dependent variables. Results: The proportion of variance explained by negative and positive affectivity was lower for WE than for psychological distress. However, the proportion of variance defined by job demands and resources was higher for WE than for psychological distress. The proportion of variance explained by all variables for negative and positive affectivity and job demands and resources, and their interactions was approximately equal for WE and psychological distress. Conclusion: These results emphasize when researchers aim to evaluate the change of psychosocial factors in the workplace, such as improving the workplace environment among Japanese workers, it might be beneficial to measure positive indicators in addition to negative indicators. Furthermore, enriching job resources would be effective in improving WE and alleviating psychological distress
Possibility of alleviating difficulties of health and social care professionals engaged in end-of-life care through Clinical Art program
Get PDFBackground: Health and social care professionals experience high-stress levels during end-of-life care. Various intervention programs have been proposed to reduce stress and prevent burnout among physicians and nurses, including arts-based activities that have shown potential. However, it is unclear how art programs can alleviate stress among healthcare professionals providing end-of-life care. This study aimed to explore the potential of Clinical Art programs to alleviate distress in professionals providing end-of-life care. Methods: Two Clinical Art workshops, held in October and November 2020, were attended by local health and social care professionals. Focus groups were conducted with those who attended and consented to participate in the study. Verbatim transcripts were made, and a qualitative analysis of the text was conducted. Results: Thirteen health and social work professionals participated in the study. Perceived difficulties in end-of-life care included the complexity and uncertainty of end-of-life care services, the approaches to patients and families, and the difficulties due to human aspects of healthcare providers. The positive effects of Clinical Art included pure enjoyment of art, empathic communication with patients and families and the application of an ontological view of human beings, which were identified as reasons for Clinical Art's effectiveness and applicability to care. Conclusions: The results suggest that the Clinical Art program has a psychosocial moderating effect on health and social work professionals and can be used for empathic communication with patients and families in end-of-life care and for applying an ontological view of human beings in caring for patients
Molecular mechanisms regulating Paris-type arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in Eustoma grandiflorum
Get PDF鳥取大学博士(農学
シュウマツキ カンゴ キョウイク ニ オケル カンゴ ガクセイ ノ ケイケン ： シ ノ ギジ タイケン ニ カンスル シツテキ ケンキュウ
Get PDF鳥取大学Tottori University博士(保健学
Keep thinking about unanswered questions in primary care: Cultivating negative capability
Get PDFNegative capability or tolerance for uncertainty is important for primary care physicians. The 2022 edition of the Model Core Curriculum for Medical Education also states that the content of professionalism is to "keep thinking about unanswerable questions.
Exploring the experiences and learning of young primary care physicians in disaster-affected areas: A qualitative study on the Great East Japan Earthquake
Get PDFBackground: Primary care physicians (PCPs) play a critical role in disaster medicine. However, it is unclear how PCPs who provide chronic support to disaster-affected areas learn from their experiences. Methods: This qualitative study investigates the learnings of young PCPs who provided medical care during the chronic phase of the Great East Japan Earthquake disaster. Results: Thematic analysis of interviews with five physicians revealed the challenges faced by them and their learnings in providing medical support to disaster-affected areas. Conclusions: They not only learned medical skills but also humanistic aspects such as empathizing with the survivors' loss
Generalized Reynolds equation for microscale lubrication between eccentric circular cylinders based on kinetic theory
Get PDFA microscale lubrication flow of a gas between eccentric circular cylinders is studied on the basis of kinetic theory. The dimensionless curvature, defined by the mean clearance divided by the radius of the inner cylinder, is small, and the rotation speed of the inner cylinder is also small. The Knudsen number, defined by the mean free path divided by the mean clearance, is arbitrary. The Boltzmann equation is studied analytically using the slowly varying approximation following the method proposed in the author's previous study (Doi, Phys. Rev. Fluids, vol. 7, 2022, 034201). A macroscopic lubrication equation, which is a microscale generalization of the Reynolds lubrication equation, is derived. To assess this, a direct numerical analysis of the Boltzmann equation in a bipolar coordinate system is conducted using the Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook–Welander kinetic equation. It is demonstrated that the solution of the derived lubrication equation approximates that of the Boltzmann equation over a wide range of the eccentricity and the whole range of the Knudsen number. It is also demonstrated that another lubrication equation derived by a formal application of the slowly varying approximation produces a non-negligible error of the order of the square root of the dimensionless curvature for large Knudsen numbers