Journal of Cancer and Allied Specialties
Not a member yet
188 research outputs found
Sort by
SENTINEL LYMPH NODE SCINTIGRAPHY IN BREAST CARCINOMA- COMPARISON OF TWO VERSUS FOUR INJECTION SITE TECHNIQUE
Full text linkPurpose: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) is the first regional node that drains lymph from the primary tumour and receives seeding of metastatic cells. Axillary node dissection remains the most reliable predictor of disease outcome. Controversies still exist about several aspects of lymphatic mapping and SLN biopsy for breast cancer, including number of radioisotope injection. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the success rate of different number of injection sites in the detection of SLN in breast cancer.Materials and Methods: A total of 120 consecutive breast cancer patients were divided into two groups. Group A (60 patients) received four intradermal periareolar (ID-PA) injections. Group B (60 patients) received two ID-PA injections.Imaging was carried out at 45 min post-injection. A gamma probe was used to explore the SLNs during surgery.Results: In Group A, 60 females with the mean age of 50.77 years were included in the study. 34 (56%) patients had single SLN. 25 (41.7%) had SLN with the second tier. 1 (1.7%) was negative. Group B included 60 patients (59 females and 1 male) with the mean age of 51.9 years. In 30 (50%) patients, single SLN was detected. 29 (48.3%) had SLN with the second tier. 1 (1.7%) was negative.Conclusion: SLN mapping with two periareolar ID injections carries less radiation dose and less pain as compared to the four injections with equal sensitivity for the visualization of SLNs.Key words: Breast cancer, intradermal injection, sentinel lymph node, Tc99 human serum albumi
PHYLLOIDES TUMOUR: REVIEW OF AN UNCOMMON BREAST PATHOLOGY AT A SPECIALIZED CANCER CENTRE
Full text linkPurpose: Phyllodes tumours are rare breast tumours that comprise almost 1% of breast tumours. The outcome for these tumours is generally considered better than breast cancers. We review the cases of phyllodes tumour presenting to a specialised cancer centre over a 14 year period. Materials and Methods: All case records with the diagnosis of phyllodes tumour between 1999 and 2012 were retrieved from the cancer registry. Patient demographics, tumour site, size, axillary lymph node status, whether primary or recurrent, metastatic status, histological type, type of surgery, any complication, margin positivity, post-operative radiation therapy, local or distant recurrence, morality and follow-up duration were recorded. Data were analysed using SPSS. Results: A total of 77 cases of phyllodes tumour were seen between 1999 and 2012. All patients were female with a mean age of 39.9 years. All patients presented with a breast lump with median duration of 8 months. Almost two-thirds (65%) of the patients presented with primary tumour compared to 10% recurrent tumours and the rest were referred after surgery outside. Median size on histopathology was 5 cm (IQR 3.5–8.5 cm). Over a median follow-up duration of 31 months (IQR 9–48 months), 69 patients (89.6%) were alive, while 3 patients (3.9%) did not survive and 5 patients (6.4%) were lost to follow-up. Recurrence was seen in 10 (13%) patients with median time to recurrence of 12 months (IQR 7–24). Involved axillary lymph nodes and borderline or malignant histopathology were found to be signi cantly associated with recurrence (P = 0.04), while margin positivity, post operative radiation therapy and histopathology were not signi cantly associated with recurrence. Conclusion: Phyllodes tumour is an uncommon breast tumour that is predominantly treated with surgical excision. Although survival with these tumours is better compared to breast cancers, involvement of axillary nodes and borderline or malignant histopathology confer an increased risk of recurrence in these patients. Key words: Breast cancer, phyllodes tumours, survival
MONOSTOTIC OSTEOFIBROUS DYSPLASIA OF THE TIBIA
Full text linkAn 11-year-old boy presented with painful swelling of leg following fracture of tibia. Osteo brous dysplasia (OFD) is an uncommon, benign, non-hereditary bone disorder in which brous tissue develops in place of normal bone that affects the young adults in their rst and second decade of life. Tc-99m MDP whole-body bone scintigraphy revealed increased tracer uptake in dense proximal tibia. On single-photon remission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT), radiological features of cortical-based lesion superimposed on abnormal tracer uptake con rmed it to be a monostotic OFD. This case emphasises the role of SPECT-CT and magnetic resonance imaging in detecting osteo brous dysplasia and differentiating it from other benign bone conditions. Key words: Bone scintigraphy, magnetic resonance imaging, monostotic osteo brous dysplasia, single-photon emission computed tomography computed tomography, tibi
PRIMARY BILATERAL BREAST LYMPHOMA: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND REPORT OF FOUR CASES FROM A SINGLE CENTRE
Full text linkPrimary breast lymphoma is a rare entity and carries poor prognosis, bilateral breast lymphoma is even rarer and carries worst prognosis. Bilateral breast lymphoma is a rare disease and lacks treatment. Out of the 2766 cases of non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma registered at our institute from 1994 to 2013, 31 cases of breast lymphoma were found, of which four cases had bilateral involvement. In this review, we describe clinical presentation, histopathological subtypes, treatment administered and outcome of those four cases retrospectively. All patients were female with a median age of 31 years (range 24–64 years). Three patients were diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma detected in one patient. Chemotherapy remained the main treatment modality and surgery (excision biopsy) was reserved for diagnostic purpose only, none of the patients received radiation therapy. Key words: Breast lymphoma, histopathological subtypes, palliation
UPDATES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF NEUROBLASTOMA
Full text linkThrough international collaboration we are at the start of a new age in the management of this enigmatic tumour. Tumours are now grouped at diagnosis using the International Neuroblastoma Risk Grouping (INRG), which uses information from tumour tissue reflecting tumour biology, as well as radiology to define Image-defined risk factors (IDRF). Tumours in high risk groups receive maximal therapy in an attempt to try and improve outcomes which are still poor. Intermediate risk tumours, which have better outcomes due to better response to current therapy, are treated aggressively with combination therapies with proven therapeutic effects, but with increasing attention to the minimising adverse treatment effects. The treatment of low risk tumours is now vastly reduced, acknowledging the excellent outcome in these children using minimal therapy. It has become apparent that the consequences of therapy in these children can easily be worse than those from the tumour itself. For very low risk tumours trials are exploring the outcomes without any treatment. INRG allows more precise comparison of results between different international groups, and provides a template into which new prognostic variables can be introduced, and their value assessed. In many centres multi-array analysis is studying the genetic profile of each tumour; perhaps this will allow increasing individualisation of treatment programmes in the near future. Key words: Neuroblastoma, International Neuroblastoma Risk Grouping, Image defined risk factors.
