REPISALUD (Instituto de Salud Carlos III)
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MiRNAs as biomarkers of nutritional therapy to achieve T2DM remission in patients with coronary heart disease: from the CORDIOPREV study.
No full textType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently a major global public health problem. Although disease remission is possible, few biomarkers have been identified which can help us select the diet that best promotes remission. Our aim was to study the potential of miRNAs as a tool to apply the Mediterranean diet or the low-fat diet in order to achieve T2DM remission in patients with coronary heart disease. From the CORDIOPREV study (n = 1002), a prospective, randomized, single-blind, controlled dietary intervention trial, all patients newly diagnosed with T2DM (n = 190) at baseline were included in the present study. Of these, after adhering to a low fat or Mediterranean diet for 60 months, 73 patients showed T2DM remission (Responders) and 110 continued with the disease (Non-responders). Plasma levels of 56 miRNAs were determined by RT-PCR. Generalized linear model, ROC curves and COX regression analyses were performed. We observed that patients with low baseline plasma levels of miR-let7b-3p showed a high probability of T2DM remission after the consumption of a low-fat diet. In addition, patients with high levels of miR-141-5p, miR-182, and miR-192 at baseline showed a high probability of T2DM remission after following the Mediterranean diet. Scores built using miRNAs and clinical variables showed that high levels of a low-fat diet score and a high Mediterranean diet score were associated with a high probability of T2DM remission. MiRNAs could be used as a tool for selecting the most efficient nutritional therapy (mediterranean or low-fat diet) to achieve T2DM remission in patients with coronary heart disease.We would like to express our gratitude to all the subjects who participated in the study, and the Córdoba branch of the Biobank of the Sistema Sanitario Público de
Andalucía (Andalusia, Spain) for providing the human biological samples. We would also like to thank the EASP (Escuela Andaluza de Salud Publica), Granada, Spain,
which performed the randomization process for this study. The CORDIOPREV study is supported by the Fundación Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero, Junta de Andalucía
(Consejería de Salud, Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca, Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa), Diputaciones de Jaén y Córdoba, Centro de Excelencia en
Investigación sobre Aceite de Oliva y Salud and Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Medio Rural y Marino, Gobierno de España; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (AGL2012/39615, PIE14/00005, and PIE 14/00031 to JL-M; AGL2015-67896-P to JL-M and AC); Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa, Proyectos de Investigación de Excelencia, Junta de Andalucía (CVI-7450 to JL-M); and by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), JPI HDHL-NutriCog (PCIN-2016-084 to JL-M). The CIBEROBN is an initiative of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Oriol Alberto Rangel Zúñiga and Antonio Camargo are supported by an ISCIII research contract (Programa Miguel-Servet CP19/00142 and
CP14/00114, respectively, funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and co-funded by the Fondo Social Europeo “El FSE invierte en tu futuro”). JMO is supported by the US Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 8050-51000-098-00D. Thanks also go to Jose Andres Morales Martinez and Rosario Carreras for providing technical assistance.S
Increased food crop diversification and gathering of wild plants associated with women's dietary diversity in Chad
No full textWomen of reproductive age are particularly vulnerable to low-quality diets due to their higher micronutrients needs. The minimum dietary diversity for women (MDDW) is a proxy for micronutrient adequacy in this group of women. Its relationship with other aspects that lead to malnutrition is not fully elucidated and depends on the context. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of MDDW among women of a rural area in Chad and its association with socioeconomical, agricultural, dietary and food security data. A cross-sectional study was conducted. Following a multistage cluster sampling, 984 women of reproductive age were randomly selected and interviewed in March 2019. We obtained food consumption data through unquantified 24 h recalls and computed MDDW as consuming at least five out of 10 predefined food groups. We constructed a Food Production Diversity Score (FPDS) with crop and livestock information. We obtained multivariable logistic regression models including different covariates. MDDW was achieved by only 33% of women in the sample. In our final model, we identified a significant association of MDDW with the FPDS and gathering of wild plants. Women in households with the highest FPDS had 70% more chances of achieving MDDW than those with the lowest FPDS. Gathering wild plants doubled these chances. Areas of cultivated land, Water, Sanitation and Hygiene resources, and a high level of food security, measured with the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, were also significantly related to the achievement of MDDW. This illustrates the importance of nutrition-sensitive policies, also considering biodiversity and food production diversification.The funding for this study was provided by the European Commission Joint Research Centre, Specific Contract No. 154591.X6S
Relación entre las inundaciones y los problemas de salud mental. Una revisión de alcance.
No full textLas inundaciones tienen muy graves consecuencias en términos de salud y de pérdidas materiales, ya que además de la tragedia de los fallecimientos, los supervivientes presentan mayor incidencia y gravedad de problemas cardíacos, respiratorios, enfermedades infecciosas y problemas de salud mental (SM). El día 29 de octubre de 2024 una Depresión Aislada en Niveles Altos de la Atmósfera (DANA) provocó precipitaciones intensas y arrasó la costa mediterránea española. Afectó a 78 municipios (75 en la Comunidad Valenciana, dos en Castilla la Mancha y uno en Andalucía) y provocó la muerte 237 personas (229 en Comunidad de Valencia, siete en Castilla-La Mancha y uno en Andalucía). También dejó numerosos heridos e innumerables daños materiales. La idea de la presente investigación surge para dar respuesta a una necesidad de la Sociedad de Psiquiatría de la Comunidad Valenciana, que convocó al Departamento de Cambio Climático, Salud y Medio Ambiente Urbano del ISCIII para dar una ponencia sobre “Medio Ambiente y Salud Mental. Una realidad emergente” en la XXXII Reunión de la Sociedad de Psiquiatría de la Comunidad Valenciana (21 y 22 de febrero del 2025). Dada la importancia de la inundación causada, se consideró pertinente centrarse en el potencial impacto en la SM. En línea con este enfoque, nos centraremos en la relación entre las inundaciones repentinas pluviales, con desbordamiento de cauces y los problemas de SM. Esta publicación pretende ser una recopilación de los trabajos de investigación publicados en revistas nacionales e internacionales hasta la actualidad, donde se analice la relación entre las inundaciones repentinas puntuales y los problemas de SM. También se incluyen las evidencias científicas publicadas hasta la actualidad, sobre este mismo tema y las diferentes actividades preventivas, de mitigación y terapéuticas. Pretende ser una publicación de referencia oportuna y extrapolable nacional e internacionalmente
Development of a decision tree diagram for classifying study designs in tumour pathology research: a multidisciplinary approach
No full textThe World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumours: A Living Evidence Gap Map by Tumour Type (WCT EVI MAP) project aims to develop Evidence Gap Maps of the available evidence, primarily to inform the WHO Classification of Tumours. The project, covering all tumour types, faces the challenge of reviewing a huge number of studies by reviewers from multiple backgrounds. The aim was to develop a decision tree (DT) diagram for classifying study designs reporting on tumour pathology studies, in order to support the decision-making process when assigning evidence levels across various disciplines. A modified consensus process, incorporating stakeholder workshops, was conducted in three phases: (1) development of the initial DT diagram draft (literature review and expert evaluation); (2) iterative reviews with project partners; and (3) testing the advanced DT diagram version with several sets of references to refine critical points. A total of 368 records were used for training throughout the entire process. Consensus was achieved when classifications could categorise studies consistently without causing discordance in new example sets. A DT diagram and its Glossary of Operational Definitions with 27 decision nodes and 26 categories were developed. The DT diagram is organised into six sections: WCT EVI MAP selection criteria, evidence synthesis, basic research related studies, descriptive studies, observational and experimental studies, and diagnostic test studies. The DT diagram is a valuable tool for the project's needs, successfully integrating diverse disciplinary perspectives for classifying evidence in tumour pathology research according to study design. It lays the foundation for future advancements in evidence mapping and classification within tumour pathology and related disciplines.This research was funded by the European Union (HORIZON-HLTH-2021-CARE-05 grant number 101057127). RC is funded by Innovate UK (part of UK Research and Innovation) via the Horizon Europe Guarantee Programme (UKRI reference: 10040375).S
Deciphering the landscape of post-translational modifications in the centrosome upon T cell activation.
No full textThe shift from quiescent to effector T cells (TC) is controlled at the translational level. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are key factors in the diversification of protein function. Advancements in mass spectrometry-based proteomics enable proteome-wide, hypothesis-free quantitative PTM analysis. Current research highlights the centrosome role in TC activation. Here the diversity of PTMs in the TC centrosome is studied by analyzing centrosome-enriched fractions from human resting and activated T lymphoblasts. Our results show that oxidative modifications predominate in this organelle, with tryptophan as the most frequently oxidized residue. These PTMs are enriched in proteins involved in translation, vesicular trafficking, cytoskeleton organization, among others. We also demonstrate the existence of PTM changes on specific protein regions during TC activation in Myh9 (hyperoxidized), and Gzma (hypoxidized). These hyper- or hypoxidized proteins display distinct functional distributions. Our study provides the first comprehensive PTM mapping of the TC centrosome, underscoring the PTM regulatory role in TC activation.This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Agencia Estatal de Investigacion ´ by competitive grants PID2023–149541OB-I00, PID2022–141890B-I00, PID2020–120412RBI00, PDC2021–121797-I00 and PID2021–122348NB-I00 funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”, PLEC2022–009298, PLEC2022–009235 and EQC2021–007053-P funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “European Union NextGenerationEU/ PRTR”, and S2022/BMD7333-CM (INMUNOVAR-CM) and P2022/BMD7209 (INTEGRAMUNE) funded by Comunidad de Madrid. CIBER Cardiovascular (CB16/11/00272, CB16/11/00277) Fondo de Investigacion ´ Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III; co-funding by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER). The project leading to these results has received funding from
“La Caixa” Foundation under the project codes LCF/PR/HR22/52420019 and LCF/PR/HR23/52430018. MLP is supported by a FPI fellowship (PRE2021–097478). ALG is supported by a FPU fellowship (FPU18/03882). RBR is supported by a FPU fellowship (FPU20/03365). CAD is supported by a FPI fellowship (PRE2019–090019). The CNIC is
supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion ´ Y Universidades (MICIU) and the Pro CNIC Foundation), and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (grant CEX2020–001041-S funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033).S
Emerging infectious diseases: a global challenge from a One Health perspective
No full textNotas editoriales.El concepto de infecciones emergentes surgió en 1992 en Estados Unidos tras la publicación de “Emerging infections. Microbial threats to health in the United States” de Lederberg, que definió sus bases y los factores determinantes que identifican a un proceso infeccioso cómo emergente. En la actualidad, se considera enfermedad emergente aquella patología infecciosa que cumpla cualquiera de los siguientes supuestos: surja de manera repentina (por ejemplo, agentes desconocidos hasta la fecha, traspasos de la barrera especie o afección de nuevos huéspedes); experimente un aumento brusco de incidencia; invada o se extienda por nuevas regiones; desarrolle vías de transmisión inesperadas; presente mayor gravedad de la esperada o exista escasez de recursos para su control (por ejemplo, resistencia antimicrobiana)Sin embargo,la pandemia evidenció que estas medidas y circuitos resultaban insuficientes, dejando al descubierto
importantes debilidades en los sistemas de vigilancia, la capacidad de coordinación internacional y la gestión eficiente de recursos ante emergencias globales. Por ello, algunos autores defendieron la necesidad de crear un organismo técnico multidisciplinar, que actuase como órgano central de coordinación y refuerzo en la respuesta global frente a futuras amenazas infecciosas. Como parte de esta respuesta, la OMS ha adoptado recientemente el Acuerdo Mundial sobre pandemias, cuya finalidad es ofrecer una mejor protección a las personas, comunidades y países frente a futuras pandemias
DataBase_Enhancing consistency in classification of pathology research through a Decision Tree diagram
No full textThe data dictionary for this dataset is available in the accompanying Word document.This dataset accompanies a study assessing whether a decision tree and its glossary improve the classification of study designs based solely on abstract information. Two groups of evaluators, comprised mainly of pathologists and epidemiologist, each individually classified 100 references twice: first without the tool and then using it. Agreement between the two rounds was compared overall and by professional profile. A secondary objective was to gather users’ evaluations of the tool and its usability. The dataset includes information on evaluators’ professional and academic backgrounds, their classifications with and without the tool, and their user-based assessment of the tool.Single file in Excel format, consisting of four sheets: Sheet 1: REVIEWERS PROFILE. Sheet 2: BASAL: ANSWERS WITHOUT TOOL. Sheet 3: POST: ANSWERS WITH TOOL. Sheet 4:TOOL USERS' ASSESSMENT.N
MoMo. Monitorización de la mortalidad diaria por todas las causas y atribuible a temperaturas. Situación a 01 de octubre de 2025.
No full textDesde el 01 de enero de 2023 MoMo ha identificado a nivel nacional -8.963 exceso de defunciones por todas las causas y 16.913 defunciones atribuibles a temperatura.N
Vigilancia centinela de Infección Respiratoria Aguda en Atención Primaria (IRAs) y en Hospitales (IRAG) en España. Gripe, COVID-19 y otros virus respiratorios. Semana 50/2025 (del 08 de diciembre al 14 de diciembre de 2025).
No full textInforme elaborado por el Grupo de Vigilancia de la Gripe. Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica Servicio de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Centro Nacional de Epidemiología. En la elaboración de este Informe ha participado el Grupo de Vigilancia de Gripe y otros virus respiratorios, el Grupo de Monitorización de la Mortalidad Diaria del Área de Vigilancia de la Salud Pública del Centro Nacional de Epidemiología (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) y el Laboratorio de gripe y virus respiratorios del Centro Nacional de Microbiología (Instituto de Salud Carlos III). Este informe es el resultado del trabajo de todos los integrantes del Sistema de Vigilancia de infecciones respiratorias agudas en España (SiVIRA).A nivel sindrómico, la tasa de IRAs a nivel nacional es de 809 casos/100.000 habitantes (845,1 casos/100.000 habitantes en la semana previa), habiendo superado en la 39/2025 el umbral epidémico y presentando una intensidad baja. La tasa de síndrome gripal es de 195,9 casos/100.000 habitantes (166,6 casos/100.000 habitantes en la semana previa), habiendo superado el umbral epidémico en la semana 47/2025 y presentando una intensidad epidémica media desde la semana 49/2025. La tasa de COVID-19 (síndrome) es de 3,8 casos/100.000 habitantes (4,2 casos/100.000 habitantes en la semana previa) y la de bronquitis y bronquiolitis en menores de 5 años de 461,1 casos/100.000 habitantes (411,9 casos/100.000 habitantes en la semana previa). El porcentaje de positividad es de 55,2% para gripe (41,8% en la semana previa), 0,5% para SARS-CoV-2 (1,3% en la semana previa) y 5,6% para VRS (3,7% en la semana previa). El proxy de gripe (IRAs x positividad a gripe) estima una incidencia de gripe de 446,6 casos/100.000 habitantes (353,3 casos/100.000 habitantes en la semana previa). El proxy de COVID-19 (IRAs x positividad a COVID-19) estima una incidencia de COVID-19 de 4 casos/100.000 h (11 casos/100.000 h en la semana previa). El proxy de VRS (IRAs x positividad a VRS) estima una incidencia de VRS de 45,3 casos/100.000 habitantes (31,3 casos/100.000 habitantes en la semana previa).N
Rationale and design of the beta-blockers in tako-tsubo syndrome study: a randomized clinical trial (β-Tako).
No full textTako-tsubo syndrome (TTS) is a cardiac condition that mimics acute coronary syndrome, characterized by transient left ventricular dysfunction in the absence of culprit coronary artery stenosis. Although its etiology remains unknown, reversible microvascular dysfunction secondary to an adrenergic surge is thought to play a role. Treatment is empirical, although most patients receive beta-blockers (BB) in clinical practice. The Beta-blockers in Tako-tsubo Syndrome study (β-Tako), is an academic, multicenter, pragmatic, prospective randomized open-label trial with blinded endpoint evaluation that aims to assess the efficacy and safety of BB in patients with TTS. The diagnosis of TTS will be confirmed by invasive coronary angiography and serial echocardiographic assessments. Two hundred patients with TTS will be randomized (1:1) to BB (n=100) or no BB (n=100). BB with alpha or nitric oxide release activity will be used in the treatment arm. The primary efficacy endpoint is the comparison of the wall motion score index by echocardiography at 7 days, analyzed by an independent core laboratory. Changes in left ventricular ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain will also be evaluated. A composite clinical endpoint (death, stroke, admission for recurrent TTS, acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, or atrial fibrillation) at 1 year will be assessed by an independent clinical events committee. Several predefined substudies will be conducted to examine clinical, imaging, biomarker, pharmacogenetic, inflammatory, messenger ribonucleic acids, and quality-of-life parameters. The β-Tako trial will generate robust scientific evidence to address unmet clinical needs and inform clinical and treatment decisions in this uniquely challenging clinical entity. The study has been registered (EU-CT number: 2023-510213-25-01, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, NCT06509074.S