Repositorio institucional - Concytec
Not a member yet
3190 research outputs found
Sort by
An experimental study of fog and cloud computing in CEP-based Real-Time IoT applications
No full textThis work has been partially funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (ref. RTI2018-098156-B-C52), by the Research Plan of the University of Castilla-La Mancha (ref. 2019-GRIN-27060), and by FONDECYT / World Bank (ref. 026-2019 FONDECYT-BM-INC.INV).Internet of Things (IoT) has posed new requirements to the underlying processing architecture, specially for real-time applications, such as event-detection services. Complex Event Processing (CEP) engines provide a powerful tool to implement these services. Fog computing has raised as a solution to support IoT real-time applications, in contrast to the Cloud-based approach. This work is aimed at analysing a CEP-based Fog architecture for real-time IoT applications that uses a publish-subscribe protocol. A testbed has been developed with low-cost and local resources to verify the suitability of CEP-engines to low-cost computing resources. To assess performance we have analysed the effectiveness and cost of the proposal in terms of latency and resource usage, respectively. Results show that the fog computing architecture reduces event-detection latencies up to 35%, while the available computing resources are being used more efficiently, when compared to a Cloud deployment. Performance evaluation also identifies the communication between the CEP-engine and the final users as the most time consuming component of latency. Moreover, the latency analysis concludes that the time required by CEP-engine is related to the compute resources, but is nonlinear dependent of the number of things connected. © 2021, The Author(s).Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
An improved 1D diode model for the accurate modeling of parasitics in silicon modulators
No full textThe authors acknowledge funding support from CONCYTEC-FONDECYT within the call E041-01 [contract number 015-2018-FONDECYT/BM]. H.E.H. acknowledges funding support from the Brazilian Agency CNPq under Projects No 465757/2014-6 (INCT FOTONICOM) and No 312714/2019-2 (HEH’s Research Productivity Grant)Silicon modulators paved the way for silicon photonics to take control of optical interconnects. Since its popularization, most works use the 1-D diode model approximation to design the horizontal PN junction, which estimates the modulator bandwidth and efficiency. Some works do not even consider the effects of fringe capacitance, alleging that the junction's dimensions are large. The 1-D model is suitable for vertically uniform PN junctions. However, there are essential deviations for the typical rib waveguide used in most horizontal-junction silicon modulators. Our work aims to quantify such deviations incorporating details from 2D model simulations and offer a corrected 1-D model for estimating modulation bandwidth. This study was carried out as follows: Firstly, we incorporated an improved scheme for phase shifting and loss for different junction locations and widely used doping concentrations. Next, we analyzed the generation-recombination effects and their impact on the depletion width at the top and bottom of the waveguide. We calculated the depletion width via the 1-D model and the two-dimensional Poisson's equation finite-element calculation for the rib and identified an important mismatch. Lastly, we propose and demonstrate an accurate equivalent circuit with our 1-D model corrections. Our model considers the total depletion capacitance, the fringe capacitance, the capacitance due to the wider depletion widths at the top and bottom surfaces of the diode, and other capacitive effects at the border of the rib as a result of high reverse bias. We found that although the 1-D model is well-suited for small reverse biases, higher voltages and extreme junction locations affect the bandwidth's estimation dramatically. © 2021 SPIE.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Application of a methodological approach to compare ontologies
No full textThe research has received funding from FONDO NACIONAL DE DESARROLLO CIENTÍFICO, TECNOLÓGICO Y DE INNOVACIÓN TECNOLÓGICA - FONDECYT as executing entity of CONCYTEC under grant agreement no. 01–2019-FONDECYT-BM-INC.INV in the project RUTAS: Robots for Urban Tourism, Autonomous and Semantic Web-based.Purpose: This study aims to the OQuaRE quality model to the developed methodology. Design/methodology/approach: Ontologies are formal, well-defined and flexible representations of knowledge related to a specific domain. They provide the base to develop efficient and interoperable solutions. Hence, a proliferation of ontologies in many domains is unleashed. Then, it is necessary to define how to compare such ontologies to decide which one is the most suitable for the specific needs of users/developers. As the emerging development of ontologies, several studies have proposed criteria to evaluate them. Findings: In a previous study, the authors propose a methodological process to qualitatively and quantitatively compare ontologies at Lexical, Structural and Domain Knowledge levels, considering correctness and quality perspectives. As the evaluation methods of the proposal are based on a golden-standard, it can be customized to compare ontologies in any domain. Practical implications: To show the suitability of the proposal, the authors apply the methodological approach to conduct comparative studies of ontologies in two different domains, one in the robotic area, in particular for the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem; and the other one, in the cultural heritage domain. With these cases of study, the authors demonstrate that with this methodological comparative process, we are able to identify the strengths and weaknesses of ontologies, as well as the gaps still needed to fill in the target domains. Originality/value: Using these metrics and the quality model from OQuaRE, the authors are incorporating a standard of software engineering at the quality validation into the Semantic Web. © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Combining ultrasound, vacuum and/or ethanol as pretreatments to the convective drying of celery slices
No full textThe authors are grateful to the Programa Nacional de Investigación Científica y Estudios Avanzados (PROCIENCIA) from the ‘‘Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica” (CONCYTEC, Peru) for funding the project n° 409-2019-FONDECYT, to the Universidad Privada del Norte (UPN, Peru) for funding the project n° 20201005, to the Săo Paulo Research foundation (FAPESP, Brazil), for funding the project n° 2019/05043-6, and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil), for funding the productivity grant of PED Augusto (310839/2020-3).This work studied three emerging approaches to improve the convective drying (50 °C, 0.8 m/s) of celery. Celery slices of 2 mm thick were pretreated for 5 min using ultrasound (32 W/L, 40 kHz), vacuum (75 kPa vacuum pressure) and ethanol (99.8% v/v, as drying accelerator) applied individually or in combination. To evaluate individual effects of ultrasound and vacuum, the treatments were also performed with distilled water or air medium, respectively. Moreover, the cavitational level was characterized in each condition. Drying kinetics was evaluated tending into account the drying time required by each treatment and the Page's model parameters. In addition, microstructural effects and shrinkage were evaluated. As results, ethanol combined with ultrasound significantly improved drying kinetics reducing drying time by around 38%. However, vacuum pretreatment did not affect drying kinetics even in combination with ethanol and/or ultrasound. Microstructural evaluation did not evidence cell disruption, suggesting changes in intercellular spaces, pores and/or cell wall permeability. The use of ethanol and vacuum showed a greater effect on shrinkage after pretreatment and after drying, respectively. In conclusion, at the studied conditions, the drying acceleration by vacuum and ultrasound is lower compared to the effect produced using ethanol. © 2021 The AuthorsConsejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Community-Based Livestock Breeding: Coordinated Action or Relational Process?
No full textThis research was funded by CONCYTEC through the project IMAGEN–Innovaciones en la mejora genética altoandina: alpacas y llamas (29-2019-FONDECYT-BM-INC.INV).Over the past decade, community-based breeding programs (CBBPs) have been promoted as a viable approach to improving smallholder livelihoods through a systematic livestock breeding. CBBPs aim to initiate systematic breeding at the community level, including an organized animal identification and recording of performance and pedigree data. To ensure the breeding programs' continuity, building capacities, and ownership among participants are essential to the approach. This study's purpose was to understand how CBBPs have evolved in specific institutional settings and which dynamics occur in the course of implementation. We addressed these questions in reflective conversations with six coordinators of a diverse sample of CBBPs: goats (Malawi, Uganda, and Mexico), sheep (Ethiopia), alpaca (Peru), and cattle (Burkina Faso). The interviews and analysis were guided by categories of the multi-level perspective. The respondents considered lack of funding and weak institutionalization as the main constraints on the CBBPs. While the idea of participation and localized ownership was at the center of the programs, linear paradigms of knowledge transfer prevailed. In all cases, the impulse to start a CBBP came from individual researchers, who relied on intermediaries, such as extension agents, for implementation. Personal relations and trust were seen as both a factor in the success and a positive outcome of CBBPs. We conclude that these findings have different implications depending on how rural development is conceptualized: proponents of the innovation systems perspective would call for stakeholders to further align their interests and coordinate their actions. Proponents of process-relational concepts, in contrast, would not consider the CBBP a product but a starting-point for initiators and participants to continuously discover new ways of collaboration and engagement. © Copyright © 2021 Wurzinger, Gutiérrez, Sölkner and Probst.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Design, Development and Implementation of a Low Cost Weather Station for high mountains
No full textACKNOWLEDGMENT We thank the INAIGEM for accomplish the Project “Evaluación y estimación de la distribución espacio temporal de permafrost a nivel nacional como potencial de reserva hídrica - PERMAFROST” and CONCYTEC-FONDECYT for funding (call number E041-01, contract number N°23-2018-FONDECYT-BM-IADT-MU).This research is based on the need to have a measurement tool to carry out different studies that require meteorological information in high mountain areas, therefore, a low-cost weather station based on open source is designed and implemented. The design process considered the inclusion of the directives of the World Meteorological Organization and the place of installation. Then we continued with the assembly and installations in conjunction with a Campbell Scientific station (3800 m) and a HOBO station (5000 m), in order to compare their records. The Arduino Mega 2560 controller used as a datalogger responded adequately, the data captured when compared are very similar to those of the stations. The average difference between the low-cost station and the other two is in temperature 0.193 °C, humidity 1.3% RH, atmospheric pressure 0.14 mbar, solar radiation 5.8%, soil temperature 0.127 °C, wind speed 0.485 m/s and wind direction 1.33°. The cost benefit is 4 to 18 times compared to purchasing a commercial station and certified instrumentation. © 2021 IEEE.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Distribution of indium, germanium, gallium and other minor and trace elements in polymetallic ores from a porphyry system: The Morococha district, Peru
No full textThis study was economically supported by the Peruvian CONCYTEC-FONDECYT-World Bank project 107-2018-FONDECYT-BM-IADT-AV, the FONCAI-0023-2019 project granted by the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP) and a Huiracocha Ph. D grant to D.B. granted by the PUCP. Pan American Silver Corp. provided field and logistical support and access to the mine area. Pan American Silver Corp. Morococha staff is most gratefully acknowledged, particularly Julio Zárate and Rubén Diaz. We appreciate the technical support by Xavier Llovet (CCiT-UB) during the acquisition of EPMA data, and by Peter Tollan (ETHZ) during the acquisition of LA-ICP-MS data. We are grateful to Fredrik Sahlström, Max Frenzel, and Editor-in-Chief Franco Pirajno for their constructive comments which significantly improved the manuscript.We report indium, germanium, gallium, and other minor and trace elements contents in sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena, and tetrahedrite-tennantite occurring in skarn and skarn-free (“Cordilleran”) polymetallic mantos and vein ore bodies in the Miocene porphyry-related Morococha District, Central Peru. Among the investigated minerals, LA-ICP-MS measurements indicate that In and Ga concentrate mostly in sphalerite (Inter-Quartile Range [IQR] 217–2.7 ppm and up to 4608 ppm In; IQR 61–2.0 ppm and up to 2137 ppm Ga) and chalcopyrite (IQR 109–32 ppm and up to 1070 ppm In; IQR 62–1.5 ppm and up to 630 ppm Ga). In coeval generations of sphalerite and chalcopyrite, the contents of In and Ga in sphalerite are at least two times higher than in chalcopyrite. Germanium content is generally low in the four analyzed minerals (IQR 1.2–0.19 ppm), although late Fe-poor sphalerite may yield much higher values (IQR 129–74 ppm). Certain trace element contents appear to correlate with (i) the evolving characteristics of the hydrothermal fluids during individual mineralization events, and (ii) the location of the studied ore bodies relative to the hydrothermal feeders. The highest In values in sphalerite are found in high-sulfidation assemblages in Cordilleran polymetallic veins and, with lower amounts, in low-sulfidation assemblages in skarn bodies. In intermediate-sulfidation assemblages in Cordilleran mineralization, In content decreases from early to late generations of sphalerite, while that of Ge increases. Spatial trace-element trends in Cordilleran veins and replacement bodies formed during the so-called “Morococha district-scale polymetallic event” include, from porphyry-distal to porphyry-proximal locations: i) In and Cu, and to a lesser extent Ga, enrichment in sphalerite; ii) Se and Hg enrichment and Sn and Ag depletion in chalcopyrite; iii) In enrichment in galena; and iv) Ag depletion in tetrahedrite-tennantite. Our dataset suggests that In is incorporated in the sphalerite crystal lattice via coupled substitutions involving Cu and subordinately also Sn and Ag. Availability of Cu in the mineralizing fluids is therefore key to In enrichment in sphalerite. Progressive dilution of metal-rich magmatic-hydrothermal fluids and Cu precipitation probably account for the progressive In depletion in distal-to-porphyry Zn-Pb-Ag and Ag-Pb Cordilleran polymetallic mineralization and in late sphalerite generations in intermediate-sulfidation assemblages. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Resolving a challenging supersymmetric low-scale seesaw scenario at the ILC
No full textWe investigate a scenario inspired by natural supersymmetry, where neutrino data is explained within a low-scale seesaw scenario. For this the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model is extended by adding light right-handed neutrinos and their superpartners, the R-sneutrinos. Moreover, we consider the lightest neutralinos to be Higgsino-like. We first update a previous analysis and assess to which extent does existing LHC data constrain the allowed slepton masses. Here we find scenarios where sleptons with masses as low as 175 GeV are consistent with existing data. However, we also show that the upcoming run will either discover or rule out sleptons with masses of 300 GeV, even for these challenging scenarios. We then take a scenario which is on the borderline of observability of the upcoming LHC run assuming a luminosity of 300 fb-1. We demonstrate that a prospective international e+e- linear collider with a center of mass energy of 1 TeV will be able to discover sleptons in scenarios which are difficult for the LHC. Moreover, we also show that a measurement of the spectrum will be possible within 1-3 percent accuracy. © 2021 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.The authors would like to thank Jenny List for discussing the mass measurement method. W. P. has been supported by DAAD, Project No. 57395885. N. C. V. was funded by Grant No. 236-2015-FONDECYT. J. J. P. and J. M. acknowledge funding by the Dirección de Gestión de la Investigación at PUCP, through Grant No. DGI-2019-3-0044. N. C. V., J. J. P., and J. M. have been also supported by the DAAD-CONCYTEC Project No. 131-2017-FONDECYT
The immunoglobulin M-Shed acute phase antigen (SAPA)-test for the early diagnosis of congenital Chagas disease in the time of the elimination goal of mother-to-child transmission
No full textThe work was supported by Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cientifico, Tecnologico y de Innovacion Tecnologica, FONDECYT, Peru (N084-2016) to Y. E. C.-S.; the National Institutes of Health (R01-AI87776 and D43-TW010074 to R. H. G. and D43 TW007393 to A. G. L.); and InBios International, Inc to R. H. G. through the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.Background: Diagnosis of congenital Chagas disease (CChD) in most endemic areas is based on low-sensitive microscopy at birth and 9-month immunoglobulin G (IgG), which has poor adherence. We aim to evaluate the accuracy of the Immunoglobulin M (IgM)-Shed Acute Phase Antigen (SAPA) test in the diagnosis of CChD at birth. Methods: Two cohort studies (training and validation cohorts) were conducted in 3 hospitals in the department of Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Pregnant women were screened for Chagas disease, and all infants born to seropositive mothers were followed for up to 9 months to diagnose CChD. A composite reference standard was used to determine congenital infection and was based on the parallel use of microscopy, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and IgM-trypomastigote excreted-secreted antigen (TESA) blot at birth and/or 1 month, and/or the detection of anti-Trypanosoma cruzi IgG at 6 or 9 months. The diagnostic accuracy of the IgM-SAPA test was calculated at birth against the composite reference standard. Results: Adherence to the 6- or 9-month follow-up ranged from 25.3% to 59.7%. Most cases of CChD (training and validation cohort: 76.5% and 83.7%, respectively) were detected during the first month of life using the combination of microscopy, qPCR, and/or IgM-TESA blot. Results from the validation cohort showed that when only 1 infant sample obtained at birth was evaluated, the qPCR and the IgM-SAPA test have similar accuracy (sensitivity: range, 79.1%-97.1% and 76.7%-94.3%, respectively, and specificity: 99.5% and 92.6%, respectively). Conclusions: The IgM-SAPA test has the potential to be implemented as an early diagnostic tool in areas that currently rely only on microscopy. © 2020 The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico - Fondecy
Calidad del agua: salud de los ecosistemas y salud humana
No full textRecoge las exposiciones ofrecidas, en el marco de la séptima edición del Coloquio Ciencia y Sociedad llevada a cabo en enero del 2021, denominado Calidad del agua: Salud de los ecosistemas y salud humana, coorganizado por la Red Interamericana de Academias de Ciencias (IANAS), la Academia Nacional de Ciencias (ANC) y el CONCYTEC