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SCCS Opinion on Homosalate - SCCS/1622/20 - Final Opinion
No full textInternational audienceThe SCCS concludes the following: 1 In light of the data provided and taking under consideration the concerns related to potential endocrine disrupting properties of homosalate, does the SCCS consider homosalate safe when used as a UV-filter in cosmetic products up to a maximum concentration of 10%? On the basis of safety assessment of homosalate, and considering the concerns related to potential endocrine disrupting properties, the SCCS has concluded that homosalate is not safe when used as a UV-filter in cosmetic products at concentrations of up to 10%. 2 Alternatively, what is according to the SCCS, the maximum concentration considered safe for use of homosalate as a UV-filter in cosmetic products? In the SCCS’s opinion, the use of homosalate as a UV filter in cosmetic products is safe for the consumer up to a maximum concentration of 0.5% homosalate in the final product. 3 Does the SCCS have any further scientific concerns with regard to the use of homosalate in cosmetic products? It needs to be noted that the SCCS has regarded the currently available evidence for endocrine disrupting properties of homosalate as inconclusive, and at best equivocal. This applies to all of the available data derived from in silico modelling, in vitro tests and in vivo studies, when considered individually or taken together. The SCCS considers that, whilst there are indications from some studies to suggest that homosalate may have endocrine effects, the evidence is not conclusive enough at present to enable deriving a specific endocrine-related toxicological point of departure for use in safety assessment. Exposure to homosalate from other products than those in this Opinion has not been considered. Combined exposure to salicylic acid either formed by metabolic transformation from homosalate, other salicylates (e.g. methylsalicylate) or directly from salicylic acid itself has not been considered in this opinion. The use of Homosalate at the lower concentrations may have a bearing on efficacy as UV-filter, however this is outside the SCCS remit to assess the efficacy of cosmetic ingredients
ERA industrial technology roadmap for low-carbon technologies in energy intensive industries
No full textThe EU has to drastically accelerate the clean energy transition and increase Europe's energy independence from fossil fuels – and from Russia. This focus is not new: decarbonisation of industry is a key element on the EU’s path to achieving the objective of climate neutrality by 2050 and an intermediate target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030, as laid down in the European Climate Law. However, bringing innovative low-carbon industrial technologies quickly to the market has become more urgent than ever. The European Research Area (ERA) industrial technology roadmap sketches out the key technologies and the means to transfer them to the industrial ecosystem for energy-intensive industries at EU and national level.Scaling up and deploying the – manageable – number of innovative low-carbon technologies currently at high technology readiness is needed to reach the 2030 emission objectives and to further reduce industry dependence on gas.In order to make best use of the public toolbox to leverage private R&I investment, to increase cross-sector cooperation and accelerate deployment, a number of opportunities for actions were identified, such as to intensify the cooperation with European standardisation organisations (e.g. CEN, CENELEC) and industrial partnerships to identify and fill main standardisation gaps for innovative low-carbon industrial technologies.https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2777/92567https://dx.doi.org/10.2777/92567KI-01-21-501-EN-NISBN 978-92-76-44692-7EUR 2021.5872 E
Synthèse du séminaire du 27 Janvier 2022. « Identifier les scénarios du changement pour anticiper les impacts sur le transfert sédimentaire dans le Rhône »: OSR6 | Axe D - Action D1 | Rapport scientifique final
No full textCe rapport reprend les résultats et conclusions présentés lors d’un séminaire de l’OSR 6 portant sur les évolutions attendues du changement climatique sur le bassin versant du Rhône. La matinée a été consacrée à des présentations d’experts externes et de partenaires institutionnels de l’OSR, et l’après-midi à un échange entre l’ensemble des présents. Ce document retranscrit au mieux ce que les auteurs ont reporté. L’objectif de l’atelier était de proposer des scénarios d’évolution du bassin utilisables dans la cadre des actions de l’OSR 6 pour travailler sur les futurs transferts hydrologiques, sédimentaires et de contaminants particulaires. Une synthèse des propositions est faite à la fin
Exceptional Model Mining to support Multi-objective Optimization
No full textGiven numerical data about objects defined by descriptive and target attributes, we investigate the discovery of interesting conjunctions of descriptive attribute range of values that are associated to optimized target values. This can be useful across many application domains where one wants to perform Multi-Objective Optimization: the goal is to find the best compromise between the competing objectives that correspond to the different targets and one expects to learn about the optimal values of the descriptive attributes. For this purpose, we design Exceptional Model Mining instances: we look for subsets of objects-subgroups-whose models deviate significantly from the same models fitted on the whole dataset. A first method, called Exceptional Pareto Front Deviation Mining (EPFDM), characterizes the differences between the Pareto front computed on the original data and the Pareto front computed after removing a subgroup of objects. We discuss in detail the design of a generic quality measure for EPFDM and we provide comprehensive empirical results. We also develop an approach called Exceptional Pareto Front Approximation Mining (EPFAM), whose goal is the discovery of models that approximate exceptionally well the true Pareto front. Beside empirical studies that consider both the qualitative and quantitative aspects of EPFDM and EPFAM, we present a use-case on plant growth recipe optimization in controlled environments, a timely challenge for a smarter agriculture
Synthèse des données de mesurage en fibres courtes d’amiante obtenues dans le cadre de la campagne INRS pour la détermination des facteurs de protection assignés des appareils de protection respiratoire utilisés en chantier de désamiantage
No full textThe purpose of this campaign was to determine, by META analysis, the protection factors assigned to respiratory protective devices worn by asbestos removal operators during the process of removing asbestos-containing materials on level 2 and 3 sites, in accordance with the regulations in force. during the campaign. Even if this campaign focused on the measurement of so-called WHO fibers (length > 5 µm, diameter 3), an evaluation of the concentrations of short asbestos fibers (length 3) was also performed.This summary presents the main measurement results for short asbestos fibers from the campaign. It is based on the use of measurements taken on 6 level 3 asbestos removal sites and on 3 level 2 sites.Synthèse des données de mesurage en fibres courtes d'amiante obtenues dans le cadre de la campagne INRS pour la détermination des facteurs de protection assignés des appareils de protection respiratoire utilisés en chantier de désamiantage Synthèse des données de mesurage en fibres courtes d'amiante obtenues dans le cadre de la campagne INRS pour la détermination des facteurs de protection assignés des appareils de protection respiratoire utilisés en chantier de désamiantag
Relazione della missione 2022 sul sito paleolitico inferiore del Cimitero di Atella (PZ, Basilicata, Italia)
No full textThe Vehicle Routing Problem with FTL and LTL carriers
No full textWe consider the distribution problem faced by a company that ships goods from a depot to multiple customers. This distribution is outsourced to multiple carriers offering different transportation rates and limited heterogeneous fleets of vehicles. Two shipping modes are used: in Less-Than-Truckload (LTL) mode, a shipment cost depends on its size and destination; in Full-Truckload (FTL) mode, routes should be designed for several fleets of heterogeneous vehicles, minimizing routing costs. This problem is formulated as a variant of a vehicle routing problem with time windows with private fleet and common carrier. To solve this problem, we use a matheuristic approach combining a Large neighborhood Search (LNS) metaheuristic with a Set Partitioning component. This algorithm embeds filtering strategies to efficiently integrate specific constraints in the LNS operators. We show that our method is competitive on less general problems benchmarks from the literature and we introduce new instances. We finally propose a case study arising from the French retail industry. We explore how the combination of FTL and LTL shipments can achieve substantial savings compared to pure FTL or LTL approaches
Le rapport des jeunes aux enjeux environnementaux en France. Les 15-24 ans sont-ils différents de l'ensemble de la population ?
No full textEURO-EXPERT: Finland Data Summary
No full textInternational audienceThe outputs of EURO-EXPERT include academic publications, CULTEXP - the first multilingual and cross-jurisdictional database on cultural expertise, data visualisation of in-court and out-of-court cultural expertise, a toolkit for the use of cultural expertise, and publications for the general public. This dataset is the EUROEXPERT data summary for Finland
