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Why Fans of the Evil Genius Remain Fans: The Case of Richard Wagner and the Bayreuth Festival
No full textAn enduring feature of public life has been the social death of prominent artists, impresarios and entertainers after moral transgressions. But not everyone is shunned. Often fans and general audiences continue to consume, advocate and revere the artistic product of tainted but gifted individuals. How is this love of the ‘evil genius’ possible? The article provides answers with reference to the paradigm case of Richard Wagner and the Bayreuth Festival that he founded.
The composer and event remain contaminated by deep association with antisemitism, Hitler and the Third Reich. We draw from an interview study with Wagner fans and opera connoisseurs to report on the interpretative techniques, justifications and folk-logics through which Wagner’s operas can still be listened to and found pleasurable in light of a troubled history. These involve articulations between and over four domains: (i) self (ii) artwork (iii) artist and (iv) history. These are variously connected and disconnected. We speculate that this four-factor model will be applicable in other domains where art, politics and morality make for uneasy bedfellows and the
‘evil genius’ remains culturally salient
Attentional-emotional interaction in healthy female participants on oral contraceptives during one-week escitalopram intake
No full textFeline Injection-Site Sarcoma and Other Adverse Reactions to Vaccination in Cats
No full textVaccine-associated adverse events (VAAEs), including feline injection-site sarcomas (FISSs), occur only rarely but can be severe. Understanding potential VAAEs is an important part of informed owner consent for vaccination. In this review, the European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases (ABCD), a scientifically independent board of feline medicine experts, presents the current knowledge on VAAEs in cats, summarizing the literature and filling the gaps where scientific studies are missing with expert opinion to assist veterinarians in adopting the best vaccination practice. VAAEs are caused by an aberrant innate or adaptive immune reaction, excessive local reactions at the inoculation site, an error in administration, or failure in the manufacturing process. FISS, the most severe VAAE, can develop after vaccinations or injection of other substances. Although the most widely accepted hypothesis is that chronic inflammation triggers malignant transformation, the pathogenesis of FISS is not yet fully understood. No injectable vaccine is risk-free, and therefore, vaccination should be performed as often as necessary, but as infrequently as possible. Vaccines should be brought to room temperature prior to administration and injected at sites in which FISS surgery would likely be curative; the interscapular region should be avoided. Post-vaccinal monitoring is essential
Litters of Various-Sized Mummies (LVSM) and Stillborns after Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Type 1 Infection: A Case Report
No full textDiverse origins and causes are described for papyraceous mummifications of porcine foetuses, but the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is not one of them. In contrast, PRRSV is unlikely to cause mid-term placental transmission but may cause late-term abortions and weakness of piglets. This case report describes a sudden occurrence of mummified foetuses of various sizes and stillborns and delayed birth (>115 days) in more than 50% of sows from one farrowing batch, while newborn piglets were mostly vital. Neither increased embryonic death nor infertility was reported. Three litters with mummies, autolysed piglets and stillborn piglets were investigated, and infections with porcine parvoviruses, porcine teschoviruses, porcine circoviruses, encephalomyocarditis virus, Leptospira spp. and Chlamydia spp. were excluded. Instead, high viral loads of PRRSV were detected in the thymus pools of piglets at all developmental stages, even in piglets with a crown–rump length between 80 and 150 mm, suggesting a potential mid-term in utero transmission of the virus. Genomic regions encoding structural proteins (ORF2–7) of the virus were sequenced and identified the virulent PRRSV-1 strain AUT15-33 as the closest relative. This case report confirms the diversity of PRRSV and its potential involvement in foetal death in mid-gestation
Zur Qualität der Thoraxkompression beim Hund - Entwicklung und Anwendung eines Modells zur Untersuchung der Einflussfaktoren
No full textUm die Qualität der Thoraxkompressionen beim Hund zu verbessern wurde ein Thoraxmodell konstruiert und ein Probandenversuch geplant. Mit Hilfe des Versuches wurden verschiedene Einflussfaktoren wie die Körperhaltung und -position auf die Kompressionsqualität untersucht und festgestellt, dass bei Kompressionen im Stehen an einem feststehenden Untersuchungstisch der Einsatz einer Trittstufe zu empfehlen ist und das spätestens nach zwei bis drei Minuten eine relevante körperliche Erschöpfung eintritt
Urine Peptidome Analysis Identifies Common and Stage-Specific Markers in Early Versus Advanced CKD
No full textGiven the pathophysiological continuum of chronic kidney disease (CKD), different molecu-
lar determinants affecting progression may be associated with distinct disease phases; thus, identifica-
tion of these players are crucial for guiding therapeutic decisions, ideally in a non-invasive, repeatable
setting. Analyzing the urinary peptidome has been proven an efficient method for biomarker de-
termination in CKD, among other diseases. In this work, after applying several selection criteria,
urine samples from 317 early (stage 2) and advanced (stage 3b–5) CKD patients were analyzed using
capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (CE-MS). The entire two groups were initially
compared to highlight the respective pathophysiology between initial and late disease phases. Subse-
quently, slow and fast progressors were compared within each group in an attempt to distinguish
phase-specific disease progression molecules. The early vs. late-stage CKD comparison revealed
929 significantly different peptides, most of which were downregulated and 268 with collagen origins.
When comparing slow vs. fast progressors in early stage CKD, 42 peptides were significantly altered,
30 of which were collagen peptide fragments. This association suggests the development of structural
changes may be reversible at an early stage. The study confirms previous findings, based on its
multivariable-matched progression groups derived from a large initial cohort. However, only four
peptide fragments differed between slow vs. fast progressors in late-stage CKD, indicating different
pathogenic processes occur in fast and slow progressors in different stages of CKD. The defined
peptides associated with CKD progression at early stage might potentially constitute a non-invasive
approach to improve patient management by guiding (personalized) intervention
Validation of the Farsi version of the Suicide Ideation and Behavior Scale
No full textObjective: Suicide ideation and suicide attempts are prevalent in Farsi speaking
populations. The present study aimed at validating the Farsi version of the Suicide
Ideation and Behavior Scale (SIBS).
Methods: Reliability and validity of the Farsi version of the SIBS were established
in a highly burdened Afghan student sample (N = 279). Internal consistency,
convergent and discriminant validity were investigated, and confirmatory factor
analysis was conducted.
Results: The Farsi version of the SIBS was shown to have a unidimensional
structure with excellent internal consistency, as well as good convergent and
divergent validity.
Discussion: The results suggest that the SIBS is a brief, reliable, and valid measure
of current suicidal ideation and behavior that can be used in Farsi speaking
populations
Untersuchungen zur Rolle peripherer Entzündungen des Zahnhalteapparats für die Ausprägung einer Alzheimer-Pathologie im Mausmodell
No full textSimulating peers: Can puppets simulate peer interactions in studies on children's socio- cognitive development?
No full textInteractions with peers are fundamental to socio- cognitive development, but
assessing peer interactions in standardized experiments is challenging. Therefore,
researchers commonly utilize puppetry to simulate peers. This Registered Report
investigated urban German children's (AgeRange = 3.5– 4.5 years; N = 144; 76♀)
mind ascriptions and social cognition to test whether they treat puppets like peers,
adults, or neither. Children attributed less mind properties to puppets than peers
or adults. However, children's social cognition (i.e., normativity, prosociality, and
theory of mind) varied little across partners. Puppetry relies on children's ability
for pretense, but can provide valid insights into socio- cognitive development.
Implications for using puppets as stand-ins for peers in developmental research
are discussed