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Green hydrogen production through photocatalytic seawater splitting on MS<inf>2</inf>/TiO<inf>2</inf> (M=Ni/Co/Sn) nanocomposites over simulated solar irradiation
No full textGreen hydrogen will play an important role in reducing carbon emission in sectors like transportation, power supply, and industry. However, for it to become competitive technology, the costs related to hydrogen production must be reduced. Photocatalytic hydrogen production is one of the green hydrogen production methods that have the potential to become cost effective. So far, photocatalytic water splitting has mainly focused on hydrogen production from pure water systems, but it is practically attractive to study methods for seawater systems, which will make better use of available natural resources. In this study, we focus on the synthesis and characterization of a variety of metal dichalcogenide-embedded titanium dioxide (NiS2/TiO2, CoS2/TiO2, SnS2/TiO2) nanocomposite materials as photocatalysts for seawater splitting. The materials were synthesized using a facile hydrothermal method and were used for simulated seawater, seawater and deionized water splitting with 4 h of simulated solar illumination. The amounts of 48.11, 24.94, 15.04, and 2.78 mmolg−1 hydrogen were successfully produced with NiS2/TiO2, CoS2/TiO2, SnS2/TiO2, and pristine TiO2 nanomaterials, respectively. Highest amount of H2 with NiS2/TiO2 photocatalyst can be attributed to the low bandgap of NiS2, which acts as a co-catalyst. Our study clearly demonstrates that low-cost, noble-metal-free nanocomposite photocatalysts could be promising candidates for realizing efficient solar-to-hydrogen conversion from seawater splitting.publishedVersio
An implementation, evaluation and validation of a dynamic fire and conflagration risk indicator for wooden homes
No full textThe pervasive presence of IoT sensing devices combined with advances in cloud-based services has made historical- and forecast weather data services widely available for use in smart software systems. The contribution of this paper is the design, performance evaluation, and validation of a software implementation of model-based dynamic fire risk prediction for wooden homes using local weather data. A key feature of the implementation is that the software architecture has been designed to support the use of different underlying cloud-based weather data services, and the integration as a service in third-party smart systems embedding fire risk predictions. The performed evaluation shows that the implementation is efficient, as weather data can be retrieved, preprocessed and fire risk predictions computed within seconds using only in the order of Kb’s of memory; and accurate considering our sets of data, as the fire risks computed by the implementation have been validated against a set of in-situ measurements.publishedVersio
Digital danning i barnehage og grunnskole i Norge og Danmark
No full textDette er en forskningsoversikt med forskningsspørsmålet: Hvilken kunnskap finnes i forskningslitteraturen om digital danning relatert til barnehage og grunnskole i Norge og Danmark? Litteraturgjennomgangen er gjennomført i vitenskapelige tidsskriftsartikler og doktorgradsavhandlinger fra Norge og Danmark i perioden 2012 til 2022 og resulterte i et forsknings-materiale på åtte artikler og tre avhandlinger om digital danning. Det teore-tiske rammeverket bygger på Colquhoun et al. (2014) og Prøitz (2023), samt teori om danning. Studien er innenfor et fortolkende paradigme og anvender metodologi fra Arksey & O’Malley (2005). Det er brukt tematisk analyse på funnene. Analyseprosessen ga tre hovedtema: 1) Definisjoner på digital danning, identifisering av digital identitet og digital etisk danning, 2) Lærer-, elev- og foreldreperspektiv og 3) Digital oppførsel. Studien peker på behov for mer forskning, blant annet på hvordan rammeverk for profesjonsfaglig digital kompetanse kan utvides til å innbefatte digital danning. Nøkkelord: scoping review, digital danning, barnehage, skolepublishedVersio
Important aspects in daily life of older home-dwelling women with dementia: A meta-ethnography
No full textMaster i samhandling og folkehelsearbeid, Høgskulen på VestlandetMS1-30
Overflytting av intensivpasienter til sengepost – en kvalitativ studie av intensivsykepleieres og postsykepleieres erfaringer med kommunikasjon og samarbeid.
No full textBakgrunn: Intrahospitale pasientoverføringer der intensivpasienter overflyttes til sengepost krever god planlegging, koordinering og kommunikasjon mellom sykepleierne for å sikre kontinuitet i pasientbehandlingen. Ulike måter å kommunisere på, ulike prioriteringer og ulikt informasjonsbehov mellom intensivavdelinger og sengeposter gjør overflyttingsprosessen utfordrende. Det mangler nasjonale kvalitative studier som undersøker både sykepleiere fra sengepost og sykepleiere fra intensivavdelinger sine erfaringer med kommunikasjon og samarbeid ved overflytting av intensivpasienter til sengepost. Ved å inkludere begge sykepleiergruppene som er involvert i overflyttingsprosessen kan en få belyst erfaringer og perspektiver som kan bidra til ny kunnskap og om mulig avdekke forbedringsområder.
Hensikt: Å beskrive intensivsykepleiere og sykepleiere fra kirurgiske sengeposter sine erfaringer med kommunikasjon og samarbeid ved intrahospitale overflyttinger.
Metode: Studien har et kvalitativt utforskende design med bruk av systematisk tekstkondensering som analysemetode. Til sammen ti sykepleiere deltok i individuelle semistrukturerte intervju i perioden desember 2022 og januar 2023.
Resultat: Det fremkom tre kategorier som beskrivende for sykepleiernes erfaringer med kommunikasjon og samarbeid i overflyttingsprosessen: 1) betydningen av å være godt forberedt, 2) ulike preferanser for overflyttingsrapporten og 3) et godt samarbeid, men ønske om tettere oppfølging mellom behandlingsnivåene.
Konklusjon: Våre funn viser at sykepleiere som møter hverandre fysisk og som tar seg tid ved overlevering av en intensivpasient, opplever samarbeidet som godt. Informantene ønsket imidlertid et økt samarbeid for å kunne følge opp pasienter mellom behandlingsnivåene, både før og etter overflytting av intensivpasienter. I videre forbedringsarbeid er det ønskelig med rapporteringsverktøy som er mer tilpasset sengepostenes behov ved overflyttinger av intensivpasienter.publishedVersio
Nordic Perspectives on Play and Playful Approaches to Pedagogy, Teaching and Learning
No full textThere has been a flourishing of interest in recent years in the positive contribution of play and playfulness to the everyday lives of children and young people, as well as to their life at school and as students. This special issue of the Nordic Journal of Pedagogy & Critique on Nordic perspectives on play and playful approaches to pedagogy, teaching and learning will insist on looking at the multifaceted nature of play and playfulness, at the fact that play and playfulness come in a variety of shapes and forms and insist that we take an interest in all this variety. The multifacetedness of play and playfulness draws our attention to the details, to the empirical evidence, to the diversity of theoretical approaches to play and, above all, it allows us to demonstrate the importance of never stopping talking about play and playfulness – now or in the future.publishedVersio
Flowering plant communities mediate the effects of habitat composition and configuration on wild pollinator communities
No full textThere is strong evidence that landscape-scale factors such as habitat diversity, composition and configuration are important drivers of declines in pollinators and pollination services. However, context and species-specific responses make it challenging to draw general conclusions about the most important components of landscapes that support diverse and abundant pollinator communities. In this study, we took a functional-traits approach to community assembly and tested the hypothesis that landscape properties act most strongly on pollinators indirectly, through their influence on flowering plant communities. Using plant and pollinator data from 96 landscapes in Britain, we tested the associations between plant and pollinator communities and local environmental factors, such as habitat cover and configuration, using path analysis based on Mantel and partial Mantel statistics. When all pollinators were considered, we found that the environmental factors had stronger links to the composition of flowering plant communities than to the composition of pollinator communities. Further, the flowering plant community was strongly linked to the pollinator community suggesting a mediating role between land use and pollinators. When separating the pollinator community into taxonomic groups, we found the same result for hoverflies, but wild bees were linked to both environmental factors and flowering plants. We further explored these links with structural equation models using the response-effect trait framework as a guiding principle. We found strong evidence that land-use composition and configuration influence the trait distribution and functional diversity of the pollinator community via plant community composition. These findings suggest that the indirect effect of land use on pollinators via flowering plants should be considered in informing the design of pollinator friendly landscapes and in future research of the effects of land use and management on wild pollinators.publishedVersio
Vertical flame spread with horizontal projection
No full textMaster Thesis in Fire Safety Engineering
Western Norway University of Applied SciencesThis report consists of two main parts. The first part focuses on the results from several small-scale experiments. A vertical and combustible wall was exposed to external venting flames from a lower compartment. A non-combustible horizontal projection was used to reduce the direct impingement of the venting plume on the wall. The wall consisted of particle board and the horizontal projection was made of calcium silicate. The effectiveness of the horizontal projection in preventing vertical fire spread along the wall was studied for six different heat-release rates (33, 37, 42, 47, 51 and 56 kW).
The study investigated how different projection sizes impacted flame height, ignition, vertical temperature development, and char formation. In this study, 0.075 m and 0.1 m projections were used principally, while other projections (0.05 m and 0.2 m) were used for specific cases. The 0.1 m projection was more effective in reducing vertical flame heights and temperature development compared with the 0.075 m projection. The 0.1 m projection successfully prevented ignition on wall at 33 kW and 37 kW fires during the 10 min experimental duration, while the 0.075 m projection prevented ignition at 33 kW fire only. However, at higher heat-release rates, the wall ignited with both projections. Once ignition occurred, flame spread across the wall surface due to the combined effect of the burner and combustible gases from the pyrolysis process. The flame spread decreased after char formation on the wall. Char area and depth increased with higher heat-release rates for both projections, although there were no significant changes in vertical char height. A longer projection (0.2 m) was more effective by preventing ignition against 47 kW fire. The longer deflection distance restricted continuous attachment of flames and heat transfer to the wall.
The second part of this study involves a computational simulation study. A three-storey building model was constructed using the FDS software ‘PyroSim’, where the flame started at the bottom compartment. A 3.1 MW fire was simulated and spread to the upper floors through the window. Two types of projections of variable lengths (0, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 m) were placed over each floor. One projection type was an open-ended ceiling projection, while the other one was solid wall balustrade (such as balcony with railing). The exterior wall or façade of the building, along with the projection didn’t include any combustible material. The simulation study allowed visualization and comparison of the flame trajectory and thermal behaviour of the ascending plume as it interacted with each projection type. Both projection types of several lengths (0.4 m, 0.6 m and 0.8 m) effectively reduced thermal impact, by 39% to 91%, on the upper floors compared with no projection, while the reduction increased with projection lengths. However, the temperature distribution at upper floor walls was affected by the projection types and lengths. Additionally, the thermal impact on a nearby building was also studied in these fire scenarios.ING500
Sensemaking, change management and strategies: A study of the middle managers' experience with competence development in the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration.
No full textMasterstudium i organisasjon og leiing, helse- og velferdsleiing og utdanningsleiing
Fakultet for teknologi, miljø og samfunnsvitenskap
Handelshøgskulen HVLDenne masteroppgaven har som formål å belyse mellomledernes opplevelse av arbeidet med kompetanseutvikling i NAV-kontor. Det er en kvalitativ studie der det er gjennomført åtte intervjuer av mellomledere i NAV-kontor, i samme fylke. Problemstillingen som belyses er «hvordan opplever mellomlederne å jobbe med kompetanseutvikling i NAV-kontoret?» Funnene er drøftet opp mot teori innenfor ledelse, mellomledelse og meningsskaping, samt relevant forskning. Studien gir et bidrag til ny innsikt i mellomledernes opplevelse av kompetanseutviklingsarbeidet.
Studien finner at mellomlederne opplever å være meningsskapere som fortolker og oversetter krav, føringer og kompetansepakker som kommer fra Arbeids – og velferdsdirektoratet og NAV fylke ned til NAV-kontoret. Mellomlederne opplever at pakkene, føringene og kravene som kommer er omfattende og uklare, og at de må fortolkes, oversettes og gjøres forståelige i NAV-kontoret en lokal kontekst. Et annet tydelig funn er at mellomlederne opplever at kompetanseutvikling i stor grad handler om å skape endring. Mellomlederne vektlegger selv at kompetanseutvikling handler om endringer i form av å innføre nye arbeidsmetoder, nye datasystemer, avvikling og utvikling av kompetanse, og å igangsette konkrete aktiviteter med mål om at NAV-kontoret skal jobbe bedre og smartere. Mellomlederne blir dermed meningskapere og endringsagenter.
Økende press på tjenestene og budsjettkutt bidrar til at mellomlederne i studien opplever betydelige utfordringer i kompetanseutviklingsarbeidet. De har lite tid, står i krysspress og det er vanskelig med prioriteringer, økonomi og ressurser. Mellomlederne bruker ulike strategier for å fremme kompetanseutvikling i organisasjonen. Som å være støttespillere, tilretteleggere og å kjenne medarbeiderne sine. De involverer medarbeiderne, skaper arenaer for kompetanseutvikling, er gode rollemodeller og legger vekt på samarbeid. Mellomlederne benytter seg av situasjonsbestemt ledelse kjennetegnet av en støttende og relasjonsorientert lederstil, og tilpasser seg den enkelte medarbeideren og konteksten.
Nøkkelord: NAV, mellomledere, kompetanseutvikling, meningsskaping, endring, strategierMR69
Test-Retest Reliability of a Physical Activity Behavior, Health and Wellbeing Questionnaire in Adolescents
No full textBackground The aim of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability of the physical activity behavior, health and wellbeing questionnaire, in adolescent populations, administered by teachers in school settings, in the Republic of Ireland. Methods A cross-sectional, mixed sample of 55 participants (45.5% males: Age, 13.94 (±.40) years) were included. The participants completed the questionnaire on two occasions (T1 and T2), on the same day and time, one week apart following identical procedures. Variables for testing included physical activity behavior (n=13), health (n=11) and wellbeing (n=2). Test-retest reliability of the questionnaire’s covariates, including family affluence and physical impairments were also examined. Results Systematic error (Bland-Altman plots) was found to be near to zero for each of the physical activity behavior, health and wellbeing variables. The combined mean coefficient of variation was lower for females (10.19%) in comparison to males (13.01%). The combined mean intraclass correlation coefficients were higher for females (0.901) than males (0.822). Similarly, the combined mean Cronbach alpha coefficient were higher for girls (0.908) than boys (0.821). Conclusions This study found the physical activity behavior, health and wellbeing questionnaire to be reliable for use in adolescent populations.publishedVersio