RIARTE
Not a member yet
3980 research outputs found
Sort by
Collaborative Workflow in an HBIM Project for the Restoration and Conservation of Cultural Heritage
No full textA restoration and conservation project for a building with heritage values requires an increasingly efficient and sustainable methodology. Based on a collaborative ‘Teamwork’ HBIM (Historic Building Information Modelling) project, this paper aims to describe the technical processes applied to a 16th-century historic building to support an open and interoperable workflow between the participating agents. The process is transparent and controllable by operators and disciplines, ensuring direct and continuous access to project data. The study focuses on implementing effective procedures for the identification and classification of heritage architecture. The first stage comprises the analysis of the geometry and materiality of the existing architecture, using data acquisition technologies such as Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry. The information modelling of the historic building begins with a medium level of knowledge, based on the metric survey and enriched by the materiality of the textures deriving from the point cloud. This enables a modelling approach that fits building components to the real geometry of the historic building, considering the deformations and irregularities that occur over time. In the next phase, the BIM project is developed through the analysis of the construction characteristics, materials, and architectural structuring in the historical evolution of the building. The difference between intervening in architectural heritage and new construction lies in the search for the transposition of construction techniques in walls with a long history, thus requiring classification and sectorisation of the various systems used. It is then required to segment the construction systems based on a semantic study of the walls that make up the envelope of the historic architecture. Programming objects in Python within the BIM platform enables the automated identification processes. The method is applied in the identification of the integrating elements of a larger construction entity, such as the stone ashlars of the masonry wall, and the classification by their construction-temporal dating. The main novelty of this research is the use of the object-oriented programming language (OOP), which automates operations based on an open-source structure and allows the operability of cataloguing, classification, and reuse characteristics. © 2022 Taylor & Francis
Economic sustainability assessment of a gypsum ceiling tile with polyurethane foam waste
No full textThe amount of plastics deposited in the environment is constantly increasing. To improve their circularity, numerous research lines emerge, such as the creation of new construction materials that incorporate polymeric waste. This practice manages to extend the life cycle of the waste, avoids the consumption of limited natural resources and gives the product additional characteristics. The re-use of polyurethane foam waste as a substitute for gypsum in ceiling tiles carries technical improvements such as a decrease in the weight of the material and in its thermal conductivity, maintaining a positive fire reaction performance. The goal of this work is to analyse its economic viability. For this, the financial assessments of the PU-Gypsum product and its standard alternative are compared. The results show that the Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) of the new precast is 6% cheaper. Despite the fact that the waste processing entails an extra cost, this is widely offset by the increase in the factorys production capacity due to its shorter drying time. The manufacturing stage represents 3/5 of the total cost for both materials. The PU-Gypsum precast is an ideal market alternative to the traditional gypsum one with improved properties and proficient in an economic level. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences
Exploring how waste management is being approached in green building rating systems: A case study
No full textGreen building rating systems (GBRS) propose sets of indicators to measure the level of sustainability of buildings, and include waste as one of the categories to be assessed. Yet, both the number of indicators and their aim, as well as the waste fraction they refer to, vary greatly from one system to another. This study identifies the waste-related indicators included in 10 global GBRS. They are classified on the basis of different criteria (waste fraction assessed, stages of the life cycle of the building, waste hierarchy and stages that make up the waste management system) so as to make it possible to subsequently analyse the importance given to each indicator through the specific weightings of each GBRS. Finally, the indicators are implemented in the case study of a building located in Colombia, in order to quantify the current level of sustainability achieved in the waste category of each system and to propose improvement actions that allow this score to be improved. In this way, it is shown that proper waste management can increase the level of sustainability of a building. © The Author(s) 2023
Tool design for life cycle assessment of the residential building stock in Colombia
No full textThe building sector have a major environmental impact throughout their life cycle and it is expected to increase progressively in the coming years. The evaluation of this environmental impact is necessary both to identify the most contributing stages and to select those more sustainable alternatives. To do this, the application of LCA methodology is a key issue. At a global level, different LCA tools have been developed linked to the building sector, however, their application to Latin American countries is not always possible due to the construction particularities of the building stock and the lack of inventory data applicable to the geographic and the socio-economic context. The objective of this study is to design a LCA tool adapted to the specific context of the building sector in Colombia, which allows calculating the environmental impact of residential buildings in an intuitive way for the user. To do so, firstly, a scientific background review of the existing LCA tools for buildings at an international level and then, the requirements that the tool to be designed must have were identified and established. Finally, the structure and the main functionalities of the LCA tool for buildings in the context of Colombia were presented. © 2023 by The authors
The "Els Arcs" aqueduct of Manises (Valencia): constructive and chronological hypothesis
No full textEl acueducto de “Els Arcs”, enclavado en el “barranco de Salt de l’Aigua”, en el término municipal de Manises (Valencia), es la mayor infraestructura hidráulica de estas características que se conserva en la Vega de Valencia. En los últimos 200 años, se le ha atribuido un posible origen romano, aunque sin el aval de fuentes escritas y estudios técnicos. En esta contribución se propone acotar con mayor rigor su antigüedad en el marco temporal de las últimas etapas de la dominación andalusí. Para ello y con la intención de paliar la escasez de referencias documentales, se ha intentado determinar las fases constructivas del acueducto desde una aproximación inter-disciplinar que incorpora: el análisis de las fuentes escritas, incluidas las noticias indirectas sobre las crecidas del río, para intentar así datar los refuerzos y reconstrucciones de la obra; el estudio formal y metrológico; la caracterización técnica de sus fábricas y la identificación de posibles paralelos tipológicos. Para disponer de una información gráfica precisa, se realizó la toma de datos del acueducto con un escáner láser 3D y se complementó con su análisis parietal, mediante la observación directa
Comparison of Methods for the Assessment of Exposure to Whole-Body Vibration
No full textSeveral epidemiological studies have provided evidence of a causal relationship between the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and whole-body vibration exposure. EU Directive 2002/44/EC was published by the European Parliament to ensure the health and safety of each worker and create a minimum protection basis for all community workers by timely detection of adverse health effects arising or likely to arise from exposure to mechanical vibration, especially MSDs. This standard defines the methods for assessing daily vibration exposure (defined in ISO2631-1:1997). ISO 2631-5:2004 defines the method for assessing long-term exposure. Recently, this standard has been modified by ISO 2631-5:2018. This study analysed the differences between the assessment methods defined in the three standards and determined the contributions made by the last standard. The consideration of posture and anthropometric characteristics, the vertebral levels as well as not only considering the acceleration transmitted through the seat are the most important considerations provided by ISO 2631-5:2018. This fact makes the assessments more precise, providing personalized assessment of long-term WBV exposure, determining the effects on the exposed individuals and the way of working. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Configurations for Four Urban Tree Species in the Santiago Metropolitan Region and Their Impact on the Environment According to CO2, PM2.5, Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds and Water Resource Criteria
No full textThe rapid and disproportionate growth of many cities in South America, such as Santiago de Chile, has not included a design that considers the impact caused. Furthermore, industrial and housing growth has been based mainly on unsustainable economic criteria, attributing less importance to environmental criteria. This has caused problems related to global warming, pollution, water scarcity and health, especially harming populations with fewer resources. This study estimates and compares the impact of four tree species commonly used at the urbanization level, according to variables such as carbon dioxide (CO2), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), water resources, and biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). Then, we will use the variable PM2.5 to assess the trees’ impact on the population and their economic resources using these tree species as a method of capturing this pollutant. The results obtained will be used to determine which one of the four species is the most suitable in each type of space within the Metropolitan Region of Chile (small spaces, uncultivated areas, large spaces near industrial areas, areas with patients with breathing problems, etc.) according to three criteria: a comparison between species using the number of trees in the investigated territory; contrasting the species with the amount of social housing; and a comparison between the species according to the total number of dwellings. © 2023 by the authors
A framework to identify and prioritise the key sustainability indicators: Assessment of heating systems in the built environment
No full textSustainability indicators (SIs) are important instruments to quantify, analyse, and communicate complex sustainability information, with a history of application in energy research. It is critical to identify an effective set of indicators which can holistically evaluate the energy systems encompassing the three facets of sustainability: environment, economy, and society. However, the literature has been lacking in either proportionally representing the sustainability dimensions or reflecting the stakeholders’ preferences. This paper develops a framework to identify and prioritise a set of SIs, critically reviewed to ensure reflection of a wide array of factors and conceptions of what sustainability entails. The developed framework utilises a series of methods within three phases: identification, refinement, and prioritisation. Applying the proposed framework to building heating technologies, a set of 22 SIs consisting of 4 economic, 8 environmental, and 10 social indicators were identified. According to the results, the economic indicators of Operation & Maintenance Cost and Net Present Value were found to be the most impactful factors, while environmental SIs contribute the most to the overall sustainability weight. The identified indicators apply to the assessment of heating systems and policies, and the proposed framework could more broadly support analysis of key sustainability criteria in various fields. © 2023 The Author(s
Characterisation of new sustainable gypsum composites with low-density polyethylene waste from single-use bags
No full textThe main objective of this research is to determine the feasibility of using Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) waste as secondary raw material in the production of new eco-friendly gypsum composites. For this purpose, LDPE waste in crumb form has been incorporated as a partial replacement by weight of the plaster material powder at percentages of 1%, 2% and 3%. Additionally, the gypsum binder in traditional gypsum composites has been replaced for LDPE waste in granulated form, at percentages of 2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5%. The experimental campaign has involved a detailed physical and mechanical characterisation of the gypsum compounds produced to study their potential applications in the construction sector. The results show that more efficient materials are obtained with the addition of these plastic wastes, significantly reducing bulk density and thermal conductivity coefficient compared to traditional gypsum-based materials. Additionally, a considerable reduction in capillary water absorption coefficient and open porosity has been observed. Moreover, the mechanical strengths in flexion and compression surpassed the limits established by current regulations for all the prepared mixtures. In this way, these innovative gypsum composite materials can be useful for application in the production of prefabricated elements, promoting the reincorporation of these plastic wastes, which currently present a challenge from the perspective of sustainability and circular economy. © 2023 Elsevier Lt
How Innovation Affects Users’ Emotional Responses: Implications for Product Success and Business Sustainability
No full textThe market is experiencing an expanding range of products, prompting manufacturing companies to differentiate themselves from competitors by moving away from conventional concepts. However, these innovations often fail to meet consumer expectations, leading to product failure, and consequently, an unsustainable evolution of the market and the business. This unsustainability requires designers to adapt innovations to align with consumer needs and desires. Understanding and validating these adaptations can be achieved by examining users’ emotional responses to innovative products. The objective of this study is to assess the influence of innovation in the development of new successful products, sales performance, and, therefore, business sustainability. This evaluation is based on the perceptions of potential consumers through the analysis of users’ emotional responses to various new product concepts at different design stages. A case study presents the evaluation of 48 new interactive lamp concepts categorized into relaxation, study, and leisure topics. The target audience for these concepts is consumers aged 18 to 24. The designs were developed by 12 teams of final-year industrial design students using insights from a prior psychographic study involving over 800 potential consumers. The findings highlight differences in users’ perceptions of innovative and traditional products across topics. These differences relate to users’ interest, intuitiveness, and desirability toward a product. Generally, traditional product concepts are perceived as more intuitive, but users show greater interest and desire for innovative concepts, with some variations among the analyzed topics. The business environment is encouraged to share these data with new product-development teams to achieve sustainable market and business growth. © 2023 by the authors