RIARTE
Not a member yet
3980 research outputs found
Sort by
Mechanical characterization of gypsum mortars with waste from the automotive sector
No full textThe construction sector is one of the main industries generating greater environmental impacts. In this sense, the European Commission is forcing the sector to implement alternative measurement and strategies to tackle this situation and bring the sector to a circular economy. One of the adopted measures is the use of recycled materials to produce construction materials and products. In this sense, many scientific works have been conducted analyzing the incorporation of different waste categories in gypsum products. In this sense, the main objective of this research is to characterize new gypsum-based materials that incorporate waste from the automotive sector. For this, mixed waste (containing polyurethane, cardboard and fiberglass) obtained during the production of automobiles’ backboards was used. A total of 171 specimens were produced incorporating different percentage and size of mixed waste. These specimens were tested according to the bulk density, superficial hardness, and flexural, compressive and bonding strengths. Results show that it is possible to incorporate up to 11% of mixed waste overpassing the minimum strength values established by the regulations. In addition, the lightness of the material and its compression and flexion behavior improved considerably compared to the reference specimens without any waste addition. © 2023 The Author(s
Analysis of the effects of the hygrothermal conditions in a structural system with wood joist floor slab and masonry wall
No full textPara la rehabilitación energética de los edificios históricos públicos diversas han sido las medidas impulsadas por Europa para que puedan llevarse a cabo con el fin de reducir el consumo energético. La instalación de aislamientos interiores en edificios donde no se puede llevar a cabo también en muros exteriores por su valor patrimonial y su tipología constructiva hacen que se produzcan una serie de condicionantes higrotérmicos que puedan alterar los elementos estructurales construidos llegando a alcanzar un alto contenido de humedad. El daño que este hecho puede producir en edificios con tipologías de sistema estructural de forjado de viguetas de madera, puede tener una gran repercusión tanto en los elementos estructurales como en los encuentros de estos con los muros exteriores. Las mediciones de las monitorizaciones de las condiciones higrotérmicas junto con el estudio de las condiciones climáticas pueden darnos un modelo más empírico del por qué de la situación en las que se encuentran los elementos y cómo poder solucionar los distintos encuentros para un mejor aislamiento
Indoor acoustic quality of educational buildings in South West Europe: Influence of current ventilation strategies
No full textThe quality of the classroom environment has a great impact on the physical and mental health of students and teachers. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for new measures and ventilation strategies to be implemented in educational buildings, to ensure indoor air quality in classrooms and to minimise the risk of airborne virus transmission. However, these ventilation protocols can influence the acoustic quality of classrooms and negatively affect students’ speech perception and learning performance. This study presents the results obtained from a field measurement campaign carried out to assess the acoustic characteristics of classrooms of the Fuentenueva Campus (University of Granada) and Azurém Campus (University of Minho). Different ventilation operating scenarios (active and inactive) were assessed to evaluate their impact on the indoor acoustic conditions. The reverberation time (RT), the only parameter used in both countries regulations to assess acoustic conditions, was found to be higher on both campuses than the RT limits values. Comparison of the measured Speech Transmission Index (STI) and background noise values in the active and inactive ventilation scenario showed a clear variation of the indoor acoustic conditions. The background noise was higher in the active ventilation scenarios (40–57 dBA) than in the inactive ventilation scenarios (34–48 dBA). The average STI values obtained on both campuses for the inactive and active scenarios were 0.54 and 0.51, respectively. In some classrooms an STI difference of 0.1 was found between scenarios. The results obtained in this study provide a broader understanding of the acoustic conditions in university classrooms in Spain and Portugal. The results evidence the need of consider the synergies between the indoor acoustic and air quality conditions to ensure both: the spaces are safe and the acoustic conditions do not interfere with students learning. The findings show that compliance with the current RT requirements does not ensure that classroom acoustic conditions do not interfere with student performance, and therefore, regulations need to be revised to include additional factors to ensure proper acoustic performance. © 2023 Elsevier Lt
Perceptions of Future Teachers Experiencing Flipped Learning as Students in a Master’s Course in Spain
No full textFlipped learning generally enables educators to engage students in their learning process. At present, creating a flipped learning environment is usually in the hands of educators, but some might not even be aware of this active methodology. We propose teacher training as an ideal way to expose future teachers to flipped learning, which might inspire them to use active methodologies with future students. In this study, 315 future teachers participated —students of the Teacher Training for Secondary and Vocational Training Education master’s degree program at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain—. A survey was used to examine perceptions of flipped learning along seven cohorts (from 2015–2016 to 2021–2022). Most of the participants had no experience with flipped learning. Our analysis has shown future teachers’ positive perceptions of the flipped learning model and unveiled significant differences when comparing the cohorts. Our hope is that teachers become ready to engage their students through active methodologies and thus help foster quality education among our future generations. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd
Spatio-temporal variability of the earth’s surface temperature and the changes in land user/land cover: implications for sustainable tourism development
No full textTourism both contributes to environmental change and is, in turn, affected by such change. One area that is of considerable significance is tourism’s contribution to land use change and its subsequent impacts. Land use change, such as tourism urbanization, together with global heating leads to an increase in surface temperature and deterioration in environmental quality and human comfort levels. Understanding the implications of tourism-related land use change is therefore of considerable importance for climate adaptation. Using Landsat satellite images, the evolution of land users/covers and the temperature of the land surface between 1985 and 2020 were studied in Cyprus. The analysis of the data confirms that tourism development activities have influenced the increase in urban hotspots. This destination has experienced a 6.2°C increase in average temperature and 168.8% in the urban hotspot. Based on the findings the study highlights the implications for sustainable tourism development and potential means of mitigation. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
Seismic damage indices for the San Miguel Charo Ex-Convent in Michoacán, México
No full textThis study is the first phase of a research that includes the development of capacity-demand analysis and the estimation of the seismic fragility, for the different two-dimensional Macroelements of the sixteenth century Augustinian building located in Charo, downtown at the northeast of the State of Michoacán, México. The analyses assess expected damage indices from a set of accelerograms recorded during the September 19th 2017 earthquake with epicenter between the states of Puebla and Morelos, México. The event caused damages and collapses in 2340 buildings, including several Augustinian convent complexes with similar characteristics to the one studied in the present work. Two-dimensional models of Rigid Elements for the Macroelements that conform the façade of the church, the nave, the Cloister Arcades and the Pilgrims Portal were built. Incremental nonlinear static analyses were used to define the capacity curves and the capacity spectrum. Considering the average values of the spectral displacements and the standard deviation of the natural logarithm of the spectral displacements for unreinforced masonry structures, fragility curves for each Macroelement were computed. Damage indices were estimated for each Macroelement based on the maximum displacement and hysteretic energy demands. Results showed that most of the damage was concentrated in the cloister, the pilgrim portal and the nave, which highlights the need to carry out more detailed studies, to propose a reliable intervention that would produce an appropriate behavior in future earthquakes with similar characteristics of the 2017’s earthquake. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
El espacio urbano de la arqueología sevillana
Get PDFNo cabe ninguna duda de que la conservación, preservación y en definitiva protección del patrimonio arqueológico en la ciudad de Sevilla, tanto el emergente como el infrayacente, han tenido un punto de inflexión con el desarrollo del Plan General de Ordenación Urbana a través de la instrumentalización de los Planes Especiales de Protección por sectores. La figura del Plan Especial de Protección aparece recogida tanto en la legislación estatal (Ley 16/1985, de 25 de junio, del Patrimonio Histórico Español. BOE núm. 155, de 29/06/1985, Entrada en vigor: 19/07/1985) como en la autonómica (Ley 14/2007, de 26 de noviembre, del Patrimonio Histórico de Andalucía. Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía BOJA núm. 248, de 19 de diciembre de 2007 BOE nº. 38, de 13 de febrero de 2008). En ambas se dirige la acción a la obligatoriedad de elaborar un Plan Especial de Protección en los elementos declarados BIC (Bien de Interés Cultural, máxima figura de protección en la estatal y a los inscritos con inscripción específica en el Catálogo General del Patrimonio Histórico Andaluz, en la andaluza)
Construcción y certificaciones ambientales. Ser sostenibles y anunciarlo
No full textEn un mundo en el que el respeto al medio ambiente es una cuestión prioritaria, la sostenibilidad es un valor en alza. No solo hay que ser sostenible, ahora lo más importante es hacer ver al resto que estamos comprometidos con la salud del planeta y sus habitantes. Y ahí es donde las certificaciones de la construcción juegan un papel primordial
Observatorio de la Producción Científica de la Arquitectura Técnica e Ingeniería de Edificación de España 2022
No full textEsta publicación ha estado registrando desde 2010 los docentes e investigadores AT/IE existentes tanto en la Universidad española como fuera de ella y se ha recopilado en estos años los documentos de producción científica que existían. Nuestro primer documento es de 1977 (Martín García, 1977) y como no podía ser de otra manera, recopilaba construcción, funciones, reformas a lo largo de la historia y rehabilitación. Una síntesis del trabajo del Arquitecto Técnico e Ingeniero de Edificación: crear, gestionar e implementar espacios para la vida de las personas y su trabajo. Y de ahí hemos llegado hasta registrar en este Observatorio 2022, 3.277 documentos elaborados por más de 1.000 docentes e investigadores AT/IE que durante más de 50 años han ido creando el corpus documental de esta profesión. Y que han trabajado en equipos multidisciplinares para la consecución de esta producción científica. El número total de investigadores que tenemos ya en la base de datos asciende en total a más de 5.800 entre AT/IE y coautores. No se concibe este corpus documental sin el trabajo en grupo con gente con distintas titulaciones y especializaciones. El sector de la Construcción abarca tantos campos en la actualidad que es básico el aporte de distintas áreas. La estructura del Observatorio 2022 se inicia en el Bloque IV con una revisión tanto de las Universidades donde se imparte las titulaciones de AT/IE en el curso 2022/23, las que lo han impartido aunque ahora no lo tengan en su plan de estudios y aquellas en donde dan docencia o investigan los AT/IE. Además, en este mismo apartado, hay una relación de las denominaciones de títulos asimilados a Arquitectura Técnica[1] en la actualidad que se imparten en la Universidad española. En el Bloque V, se hace un análisis de las Universidades antes mencionadas desde múltiples puntos de vista. En el Bloque VI, el estudio se centra en los investigadores de más alta producción científica y más impacto, elaborando rankings con información de múltiples bases de datos de calidad en investigación. En este caso usamos índices bibliométricos y almétricos para ver la doble vertiente: calificación por parte de los portales más importantes y usabilidad de los documentos por parte de los usuarios. Finalmente, el capítulo VII, que iniciamos con el Observatorio 2021, se ha elaborado para un análisis sintético individual de las Universidades, desde la doble vertiente de docentes/investigadores AT/IE y la producción científica elaborado por ellos. En este Observatorio 2022 tenemos más Universidades, más docentes/investigadores, más documentos y más variables que hemos estudiado. El número total de Universidades que imparten la titulación en el curso 2022-23 de AT/IE es de 22, resultando estable respecto al curso 2021-22. En cuanto a las Universidades con relación con la titulación (docencia-investigación) son ya 60, de las cuales 50 son españolas, públicas y privadas, 8 de Sudamérica y 2 del resto de Europa. Cada vez más nuestros egresados trabajan en otras Universidades extranjeras con titulaciones distintas a la AT/IE, demostrando que las capacidades que se adquieren con esta titulación son multidisciplinares. Novedades, varias. Se ha ampliado las bases de estudio a Google Académico, iniciado en el Observatorio 2021, con más ítems. Se han sacado más índices inmediatos de investigación y se ha añadido una tipología de documento cada vez con más importancia: los capítulos de libros. Algo que en paralelo este equipo está comenzando a nivel nacional, es un estudio selectivo de la mujer en la AT/IE. Aparte de los proyectos en marcha, tenemos intención de elaborar un informe anexo a este Observatorio, focalizando los datos en la mujer en esta profesión, desde el punto de vista de docencia/investigación tanto en la AT/IE como en la ingeniería y arquitectura en general. Como en cada Observatorio nuevo, hay una revisión de los datos obtenidos en años anteriores, con nuevos docentes/Investigadores y revisión de la producción científica que no se había detectado. Por eso pueden existir variaciones respecto a años anteriores y Observatorios precedentes. En esta labor, la información que nos aportan los Centros es fundamental. Los criterios de discriminación respecto a la recopilación de “documentos científicos” no se han variado. Base de datos WOS (Clarivate), SCOPUS (Elservier), Bases de Patentes y Tesis Doctorales. Se asume que hay producción científica que queda fuera de este estudio, pero la estudiada es relevante y no produce distorsiones por “ruido” generado por la inclusión de documentos sin reconocimiento estándar que se hace en los distintos rankings nacionales e internacionales y las agencias de acreditación de la investigación. Seguimos con lo que iniciamos el año pasado con los indicadores sintéticos de las Universidades y continuamos registrando aquellos AT/IE que, sin aún poder tener plaza en docencia, están adscritos a las Universidades como investigadores en distintos proyectos. Algo que también hemos añadido, es un análisis de la tipología de contratos de los AT/IE en la Universidad española. Como decíamos en la edición anterior, todo es mejorable a la hora de selección de datos y, año tras año vamos modificando los informes siguiendo las tendencias de los elaborados por organismos e instituciones relevantes y las tendencias de publicación de nuestros investigadores. También, y como en ocasiones anteriores iniciamos este informe con una revisión de las carreras técnicas en general y la de AT/IE en particular, recogiendo datos de los distintos análisis publicados por entidades de reconocido prestigio de las Universidades españolas, para contrastar el estado actual del área de Ingeniería/Construcción con la de Arquitectura Técnica e Ingeniería de Edificación en particular. Se comentó al inicio, que la difusión de este Observatorio aumenta en cada edición y seguimos con la política de difundirlos por diversos medios. [1] Arquitectura Técnica, Aparejadores, Grado en Ingeniería de Edificación, Grado en Arquitectura Técnica, Grado en Arquitectura Técnica y Edificación, Grado en Edificación.This publication has been registering since 2010 the existing TA/BE teachers and researchers both in the Spanish University and outside it and has been compiled in these years the documents of scientific production that existed. Our first document dates from 1977 (Martín García, 1977) and, as it could not be otherwise, it compiled construction, functions, reforms throughout history and rehabilitation. A synthesis of the work of the Technical Architect and Building Engineer: to create, manage and implement spaces for the life of people and their work. And from there we have come to register in this Observatory 2022, 3,277 documents produced by more than 1,000 teachers and TA/BE researchers who for more than 50 years have been creating the documentary corpus of this profession. And who have worked in multidisciplinary teams to achieve this scientific production. The total number of researchers that we already have in the database amounts to more than 5,800 between TA/BE and co-authors. This documentary corpus is inconceivable without working in groups with people with different degrees and specialisations. The construction sector currently covers so many fields that the contribution of different areas is essential. The structure of the 2022 Observatory begins in Block IV with a review of both the Universities where TA/BE degrees are being taught in the 2022/23 academic year, those that have taught it although they do not now have it in their syllabus and those where TA/BE are teaching or researching. In addition, in this same section, there is a list of the names of the degrees assimilated to Technical Architecture currently taught at Spanish universities. In Block V, an analysis is made of the aforementioned Universities from multiple points of view. In Block VI, the study focuses on the researchers with the highest scientific production and the greatest impact, using rankings based on information from multiple research quality databases. In this case we use bibliometric and almometric indices to look at the double aspect: rating by the most important portals and usability of the documents by users. Finally, chapter VII, which we begin with the 2021 Observatory, has been prepared for a synthetic analysis of the individual Universities, from the double aspect of TA/BE teachers/researchers and the scientific production produced by them. In this Observatory 2022 we have more Universities, more teachers/researchers, more documents and more variables that we have studied. The total number of Universities teaching the degree in the TA/BE course 2022-23 is 22, which is stable with respect to the course 2021-22. As for the Universities related to the degree (teaching-research), there are already 60, of which 50 are Spanish, public and private, 8 from South America and 2 from the rest of Europe. More and more of our graduates are working in other foreign universities with degrees other than TA/BE, demonstrating that the skills acquired with this degree are multidisciplinary. Several new developments. The study bases have been extended to Google Scholar, initiated in the 2021 Observatory, with more items. More immediate research indexes have been published and an increasingly important type of document has been added: book chapters. Something that this team is starting in parallel at national level is a selective study of women in TA/BE. Apart from the projects underway, we intend to produce a report annexed to this Observatory, focusing the data on women in this profession, from the point of view of teaching/research both in TA/BE and in engineering and architecture in general. As in every new Observatory, there is a review of the data obtained in previous years, with new teachers/researchers and a review of the scientific production that had not been detected. For this reason, there may be variations with respect to previous years and previous Observatories. In this work, the information provided by the Centres is fundamental. The criteria for discrimination with respect to the collection of "scientific papers" have not been changed. WOS database (Clarivate), SCOPUS (Elservier), Patent Databases and Doctoral Theses. It is assumed that there is scientific production that is left out of this study, but that which is studied is relevant and does not produce distortions due to "noise" generated by the inclusion of documents without standard recognition in the different national and international rankings and research accreditation agencies. We continue with what we started last year with the synthetic indicators of the Universities and we continue to record those TAs/Researchers who, although not yet able to have a teaching position, are attached to the Universities as researchers in different projects. Something that we have also added is an analysis of the type of contracts of TAs/REs in Spanish universities. As we said in the previous edition, everything can be improved when it comes to data selection and, year after year, we modify the reports following the trends of those produced by relevant organisations and institutions and the publication trends of our researchers. Also, as on previous occasions, we began this report with a review of technical careers in general and TA/BE in particular, collecting data from the different analyses published by prestigious organisations in Spanish universities, in order to contrast the current state of the Engineering/Construction area with that of Technical Architecture and Building Engineering in particular. It was mentioned at the beginning that the dissemination of this Observatory increases with each edition and we continue with the policy of disseminating them through different media
Indoor Environment in Educational Buildings: Assessing Natural Ventilation
No full textThe built indoor environment has a high impact on people’s health and performance. The recent events arising from the COVID-19 global pandemic have stressed that good indoor air quality is crucial, especially in public buildings (for instance, school and university buildings) where the occupation density is high. International public organizations claimed that educational buildings must put in place a testing strategy and ensure adequate air renewal to adopt effective measures that mitigate airborne diseases transmission. This study analyses the methods used to characterise natural ventilation performance in educational buildings. The current body of knowledge is summarised by using the studies published between 2008 and 2022. The results show that the number of publications increased in the last two years (2021–2022). This study also shows that most studies that analysed ventila-tion rate in naturally ventilated educational buildings focused on primary schools and were conducted in temperate climates. In addition, the results showed that the decay method and the transient mass balance equation method were the most used to evaluate the effectiveness of natural ventilation strategies in educational buildings