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La tendencia 'living' arraiga fuerte en España
No full textSi el año 2024, desde el punto de vista inversor, fue el año del ‘living’ como concepto residencial, 2025 será el de su consolidación en España. Este sector, pese a situarse aún en una fase incipiente en comparación con otros mercados, es uno de los segmentos inmobiliarios con mayor potencial de crecimiento en nuestro país, según las grandes consultoras especializadas
Graphic Restitution and Recovery of the Chronos Pavement of the Marquis of Benicarlo’s House
No full textThe Marquis of Benicarlo’s House is a prime example of 18th-century Baroque civil architecture in the Valencian region. Inside, it preserves ceramic panels from this period of great historical and heritage value. However, prior to its designation as a Cultural Heritage Site, the building lost some of its most architecturally significant elements, such as the flooring in one of the main rooms, which was decorated with rich iconography. Fortunately, the original tiles from this flooring have been located in the collections of the National Museum of Ceramics. This study presents the recovery and graphic restitution of the flooring based on the pieces found in the museum’s collections. This work allows us to understand the original appearance of the flooring before its dismantling and may enable its in situ restoration through digital ceramic printing techniques, thus returning one of its most unique architectural elements to the building. It also details the process of digitally restoring the flooring to its original location using advanced digitization techniques. This enables the visualization of the hall in its authentic state using virtual reality methods, thereby facilitating its appreciation and dissemination as a heritage architectural space
The perception of vernacular housing in Michoacán: analysis from the territory and the audiovisual record
No full textTerritorio y vivienda son dos categorías inseparables y difíciles de entender sin una visión holística de los fenómenos del habitar, siendo necesario el acercamiento desde distintas escalas. La arquitectura vernácula representa el mayor ejemplo de la adaptación del ser humano a su entorno físico-geográfico y entrañaun conjunto de valores arquitectónicos a preservar por su potencial sostenible, tanto cultural como económico. En la presente investigación se gestionaron esfuerzos y actividades a partir de proyectos de investigación y de cooperación al desarrollo con el objetivo identificar la relación entre el territorio y que la vivienda vernáculade algunas regiones representativas del estado de Michoacán y la transformación que ésta ha tenido en los últimos años. El resultado de la investigación permitió documentar gran parte de este legado a través de diversas herramientas como registros fotográficos y videográficos, mapas, planos arquitectónicos y fichas técnicas de inspección de materiales, sistemas constructivos y deterioros; para identificar aspectos físicosdel territorio y también los elementos socioeconómicos y culturales a través del tiempo que se reflejan en la espacialidad de la vivienda. Uno de los principales productos de la recopilación de información cualitativa, realizada mediante entrevistas a los usuarios de estas construcciones, fue el documental Xirangua, que ha servido como una herramienta de comunicación y divulgación cultural y científica que permite dar voza los usuarios de este patrimonio, y acercando este conocimiento ancestral a diversos sectores de la sociedad para su revaloración.Territory and housing are two inseparable categories that are difficult to understand without a holistic vision of the phenomena of inhabiting, making it necessary to approach them from different scales. Vernacular architecture represents the greatest example of the adaptation of human beings to their physical-geographical environment and involves a set of architectural values to be preserved for their sustainable potential, both culturally and economically. In this research, efforts and activities were undertaken through research and development cooperation projects with the aim of identifying the relationship between territory and vernacular housing in some representative regions of the state of Michoacán and the transformation it has undergone in recent years. The result of the research made it possible to document a large part of this legacy through various tools such as photographic and videographic records, maps, architectural plans and technical inspection sheets of materials, construction systems and deterioration; to identify physical aspects of the territory and also the socio-economic and cultural elements over time that are reflected in the spatiality of housing. One of the main products of the collection of qualitative information, carried out through interviews with the users of these constructions, was the documentary Xirangua, which has served as a tool for communication and cultural and scientific dissemination, giving a voice to the users of this heritage, and bringing this ancestral knowledge closer to various sectors of society for its revaluation
Quantitative Analysis of Vernacular Residential Building Typologies and Bioclimatic Strategies in the Warm-Summer Mediterranean Climate: The Montesinho Natural Park as a Case Study
No full textVernacular architecture embodies a lasting connection between communities, climates, and topographic landscapes, providing basic shelter needs for centuries. Adopting Montesinho Natural Park as a case study, this paper explores the essence of vernacular architecture, highlighting its adaptation and dynamic relationships with local climates, geographical features, and scarce resources. This paper firstly provides a quantitative characterisation of residential vernacular building typologies in several villages of the park based on field-collected data, using photography and videography for data reliability. The building typologies were then categorised according to their prominent architectural features, prioritising the access to the upper floor and door’s relative location and their integration within the landscape’s topography. The collected data were analysed by averaging each typology percentage across the villages and calculating dependency probabilities between each typology and the villages, aiming to identify the most frequent typologies and their dependency relationships with villages. This paper’s outcome entails the Protruding Staircase typology as the most common typology in the selected villages. Despite modern interventions, traditional features endure, emphasising practicality and resource efficiency. Among them, several bioclimatic strategies were identified and analysed qualitatively based on their potential contribution to energy efficiency and savings, highlighting their relationships with the local context and the typologies presented. The findings are important in supporting decision-making related to vernacular heritage in Northeastern Portugal. The bioclimatic construction strategies identified may be used as preliminary references to incorporate into rehabilitation projects and sustainable architecture practices, enhancing inhabitants’ thermal comfort and living conditions
Intermediated Aesthetics in the Ghost Laboratory Performance: Sound from Dance. Installation at the Rialto building in Valencia
No full textEl artículo analiza una práctica performativa llevada a cabo en el edificio Rialto de la ciudad de Valencia, en España, el 26 de noviembre de 2022. Dentro del Rialto, la sala 7 acoge artistas visuales, músicos y bailarines para producir un acontecimiento analizado desde una concepción intermedial. Las condiciones improvisadas de la performance; con sonoridades producidas por un piano, una guitarra, un bajo, una flauta travesera, y sonidos sintetizados y sampleados junto a videos procesados en tiempo real y proyectados en cenital sobre el suelo y una pantalla vertical; generan unos razonamientos sobre el esquema espacial en el que se llevó a cabo la acción performativa. La interdependencia de los cuerpos danzantes –espacio, sonido e imágenes proyectadas– lleva a estudiar el movimiento de la danza, prestando atención a la ocupación del espacio, que se articula claramente desde el centro de la sala. La argumentación de la performance nos lleva a vincularla con la ciudad, en el sentido diferencial entre el centro y periferia. El objetivo es investigar su sentido según ciertas conexiones entre la sala y la urbe. El trabajo concluye sobre la necesidad de redefinir el espacio de la performance y la importancia del análisis para su caracterización.The article analyses a performative practice that took place in the Rialto building in Valencia, Spain on November 26, 2022. Room 7 hosted visual artists, musicians, and dancers to produce an event that was analyzed from an intermedial perspective. The performance took place under improvised conditions, with sounds produced by a piano, a guitar, a bass, a flute, and synthesized and sampled sounds. Videos were processed in real-time and projected onto the floor and a vertical screen from above. This generated reflections on the spatial scheme of the performative action. The study of dance movement involves paying attention to the occupation of space by the interdependent dancing bodies, sound, and projected images. The center of the room clearly articulates the occupation of space. The performance’s argumentation connects it with the city, highlighting the difference between the center and the periphery. The goal is to investigate the meaning of these connections between the venue and the urban environment. The conclusion highlights the necessity of redefining the performance space and the significance of analysis for its characterization
Integrated sustainability assessment of construction waste-based shading devices for the refurbishment of obsolete educational public building stock
No full textBuildings and the construction sector are responsible for a considerable share of human environmental impacts, and have high economic and social costs. This project aims to contribute to advancing towards circular economy-based construction techniques, to improve the sector's sustainability performance. Specifically, the project developed a tool to assess the sustainability of waste-based shading devices for public school building stock. The tool combines a multi-criteria decision-making method with the Delphi interview technique to reduce possible biases to a minimum. It is a flexible instrument for holistic sustainability assessment of initial designs. The tool was validated by assessing six initial designs created in three cross-disciplinary university courses. The resulting high economic satisfaction indexes – up to 0.93 on a 0 to 1 scale – and low sustainability indexes – from 0.39 to 0.53 – confirm that four alternatives are economically feasible. However, the environmental and social parameters could be improved. In this first application of the tool, the comparison of recycled and reused construction materials versus new building materials allowed informed trade-offs to be made between the associated embodied and operational carbon, to compare the long-term operational energy and carbon savings of the higher-performing solution with new materials versus the upfront lower embodied carbon of sourcing and applying reused and recycled materials for similar alternatives. Findings on the contribution of reusing materials, with reductions in environmental impacts up to 45%, prove that this project is contributing to defining more sustainable facades
Strategies for the intervention in lime and stone walls and their application to the fortified enclosure of Belver de los Montes
No full textRestoration of architectural heritage requires a previous global study including its historical development, its morphological and constructive characteristics and its relationship with the environment. This paper presents the methodology used for the intervention in the historical fortification in lime and stone walling of Belver de los Montes, Zamora. The interpretation of the historical-constructive characteristics of the remains through multidisciplinary analyses allows a coherent approach to the consolidation works of a section of the enclosure, which is in a poor state of conservation. The methodology developed for this specific example could be useful as a reference for future interventions in fortified architecture with similar characteristics
Removal of graffiti paint from construction materials coated with TiO2-based photocatalysts
No full textGraffiti on construction materials has significant social and economic impacts, especially on artistic and historical artefacts. Anti-graffiti protective coatings are used to generate low surface energies that limit graffiti adhesion to the surface, thereby reducing surface damage and facilitating removal. The anti-graffiti properties of three commercial TiO2-based coatings were tested under outdoor exposure conditions using four colours of graffiti paint (red, blue, black, and white). Chemical removers were used to clean the stained surfaces to understand the impact of the photocatalytic coatings during the conventional cleaning procedure. The effectiveness of cleaning was assessed by visual observations, colour measurements, and the percentage of residual stain. The anti-graffiti efficacy was strongly dependent on the colour of the graffiti and characteristics of the TiO2 coating. The cleaning performance of TiO2-treated samples was likely related to the photocatalytic redox reactions that decompose the graffiti. Additionally, their hydrophilicity may also prevent the adhesion and/or penetration of graffiti paint on the surface and/or pore matrix
The feminist perspective as a counterpoint in the architecture of Anna Bofill (1977-1996)
No full textThe vast and plural production of the woman architect, musician, activist, occasional educator and tireless researcher Anna Bofill Levi (Barcelona, 1944) is characterized by certain features that make its author a unique personality, although one hardly known and recognized in the Spanish and international circles that are the custodians of prestige in architecture. She has achieved most public recognition as a composer, the field in which she has been most productive over time and developed the furthest. Her music is characterized by the number of references, especially contemporary, she includes, the wide diversity of countries where it has been performed, and the range of people to whom she has dedicated her works, all these aspects testifying to her cosmopolitan and libertarian spirit and her commitment to equality. Her incessant writing, with all the reading it entails, has also left us with a large body of written work, extending over a number of fields, including most notably her reflections on the influence of the gender-based perspective on urban planning. A factor also reflected in her architecture, for example, in the implementation of participatory processes in her project designs. She joined the Taller de Arquitectura from the time she began her studies at the School of Architecture in Barcelona in 1964—she graduated in 1972—, and then commenced her independent career in 1981, although her first solo works date from 1977. Her work at the head of her office for almost 20 years is evidence of a tireless capacity for work and an unwavering commitment to people's welfare. This paper analyses Anna Bofill's contributions to feminist thinking through her work as an architect. Also, it addresses the study of a cultured person, a woman with great sensitivity and a strong political and personal commitment who has suffered discrimination and who has made rigor and determination the means to achieve her non-negotiable freedom
Examining the Challenges for Circular Economy Implementation in Construction and Demolition Waste Management: A Comprehensive Review Using Systematic Methods
No full textThe construction industry accounts for approximately one-third of the total waste generation globally. With the United Nations projecting a population increase of 2 billion within the next three decades, there is a heightened demand for building stock, generating unprecedented volumes of construction and demolition waste (CDW). To combat this, circular economy strategies are purported to help alleviate the prevailing situation. But a number of challenges are jeopardizing their implementation in the construction industry and preventing from achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals, net zero carbon and zero avoidable waste targets. This paper systematically analyzes 54 research articles, published in the past decade within major peer-reviewed English-language scholarly publications in the form of a systematic research review. In doing so, it aims to identify and classify the challenges that prevent improved CDW management by assimilating previous research results in support of a circular economy. The classification and analysis using a PESTLE model offers insights into gaps and differences between categories, as well as regions and countries. This initial step could contribute to a better understanding of these barriers, along with associated solutions, which could result in a significant reduction on the impact of construction activities, therefore facilitating the development of an effective circular economy in the sector