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La nova seu del Sem, exemple d'eficiència i innovació
Get PDFLa nova seu del Servei d'Emergències Mèdiques (SEM), ubicada a l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, exemplifica la capacitat del sector de combinar innovació tecnològica, disseny sostenible i una gestió tècnica integrada
Energy savings in buildings applying ASHRAE 55 and regional adaptive thermal comfort models
No full textThe building sector plays an important role in energy performance and energy poverty. Decarbonization policies aims to reducing the energy consumption of the built environment, especially using HVAC systems better. Some studies have adopted adaptive thermal comfort models to increase energy savings in winter and summer. However, applying models based on international standards could overestimate setpoint temperatures. This study therefore assesses the potential energy savings by using regional models and quantifies variations with the model of ASHRAE 55–2017. A total of 7 countries and 13 regional models were considered adopting two adaptive strategies: natural ventilation and mixed mode. The results showed that the applicability of a model is not determinant to assess the possible energy saving. Likewise, cooling demand was significantly saved by both regional models and the model of ASHRAE 55 in the warmest countries. However, natural ventilation showed a limited applicability in most countries, with this adaptive strategy being the most applied in warmer months
The New Town for the New Orthodox Project based on John Hejduk's Ephemeral approach to Architecture
No full textJohn Hejduk, en 1979, proyecta una ciudad de dieciocho mil habitantes a las afueras de la ciudad de Venecia. La ciudad está ubicada en una laguna. Cons-truida con una serie de canales entre edificios, se vincula a la ciudad italiana. La Aduana, el muelle, las casas, el mercado o el cementerio público, junto al par-que y el hotel público son algunos de los edificios que componen el municipio. La ciudad, titulada New Town for the New Orthodox (fig. 1), tiene un hospital ubicado en el centro, también público. La curiosidad del proyecto, cuando es explicado por John Hejduk (1985, 84) en una entrevista con Peter Eisenman, es que la ciudad tiene los días contados. Podríamos considerarlo un urbanismo efímero, de duración muy corta en relación con las ciudades de occidente, con lapsos milenarios e infinidad de historia tras sus edificaciones.New Town for the New Orthodox forma parte de una trilogía junto al Cemetery for the Ashes of Thought, y The Silent Witnesses, en los que el protagonismo de pequeñas casas define una expresión de dualidades fabulosas. En esa época, John Hejduk proyecta distintas residencias, con propuestas conceptuales en las que el sólido se enfrenta al vacío, la planta se define en el alzado, o la noche y el día comprimen o expanden la casa según las persianas o estores (Hejduk 1985, 84) (fig. 2).New Town for the New Orthodox alude al paso del tiempo según la vida de sus habitantes. La vida y muerte de sus vecinos es la condición que marcará el tiem-po en el que la ciudad será ocupada y desocupada. "El cementerio se llena y contiene 18.000 ataúdes, y cuando colocan el último ataúd, la ciudad queda abandonada. Esa es la nueva ciudad para el nuevo ortodoxo"1(Hejduk 1985, 84)
Assessment of the Thermal Properties of Gypsum Plaster with Plastic Waste Aggregates
No full textBuilding material manufacturers must support new production models that encourage the manufacture of more efficient and sustainable products. This includes thinking about savings in the use of raw materials, a contribution to the energy efficiency of buildings during their useful life, and a reduction in the generation and deposit of waste in landfills. In this research, an analysis of the thermal properties of gypsum composites added with plastic waste is carried out using the most common methods, the steady state method and the transient plane source method, and the effect of water saturation on these composites is tested. The results show an improvement in the thermal performance of the composites (values reduced with respect to the reference by 4–7%), despite their heterogeneity, as well as a variation in the measurements carried out, depending on the method used for the measurements (variation up to 10%). It is also found that the degree of humidity negatively affects the thermal conductivity coefficient but, on the contrary, this coefficient is not altered in the composites with plastic waste, due to their lower hygroscopicity. Therefore, it is considered that the proposed eco-plasters are a good alternative to traditional plasters, with which to contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the current European directives on waste and circular economy
Biblioteca pública Centro Pompidou. Nueva lectura
No full textLa reforma de la biblioteca del emblemático centro parisino afectó a tres plantas del inmueble, unos 12.000 m2, para reordenar distribuciones, con la recuperación de un acceso y trabajos en electricidad, señalización y renovación de suelos. Se realizó sin que el centro dejara de funcionar
Análisis de la hidraulicidad en morteros de cal para su empleo en restauración
No full text[No abstract available
Variation of Corrosion Rate, Vcorr, during the Carbonation-Induced Corrosion Propagation Period in Reinforced Concrete Elements
No full textThe structural systems of residential buildings in many developed countries have widely utilized reinforced concrete as the most common solution in construction systems since the early 20th century. The durability of reinforced concrete columns and beams is compromised, in most cases, by pathologies caused by the corrosion of their reinforcements. This study analyses the corrosion processes induced by carbonation in 25 buildings with reinforced concrete structures. The models estimate the service life of reinforced concrete elements by differentiating between the initiation period and the propagation period of damage, considering two possible stages: the time of corrosion propagation until the cracking of the concrete cover, and the time of propagation until a loss of section is considered unacceptable for structural safety. However, the mathematical expressions that model the propagation periods consider the same corrosion rate in both cases. This research has found that the average corrosion rate in elements with an unacceptable loss of reinforcement section was in the order of 8 times higher than the corrosion rate in cracked columns and beams without a loss of reinforcement. This opens up a path to improve the definition of the different stages experienced by a reinforced concrete element suffering corrosion of its reinforcements due to carbonation, because once the concrete has cracked, the corrosion rate increases significantly
Eco-Design and Characterization of Sustainable Lightweight Gypsum Composites for Panel Manufacturing including End-of-Life Tyre Wastes
No full textThe incorporation of rubber recycled aggregates from end-of-life tyres (ELT) in the manufacturing process of sustainable building materials has gained great interest in recent decades as a result of the large volume of this waste being generated annually. In this work, the objective is to make a contribution towards the circularity of construction products by carrying out a physico-mechanical characterisation of new gypsum composites made with the incorporation of these recycled rubber aggregates. To this end, up to 30% by volume of the original raw material has been substituted, analysing the mechanical resistance to bending and compression. Although lower than those of traditional gypsum material, both properties exceed the limits set at 1 and 2 MPa, respectively, by the current regulations. In addition, water absorption by capillarity significantly decreases, and thermal conductivity is reduced by more than 35% with respect to the reference material. Finally, in order to provide the research with a practical application, a prefabricated plate design has been proposed that incorporates the gypsum materials studied and an agglomerated rubber band that increases the thermal resistance and improves the efficiency of the designed construction system. In this way, this research reflects the potential of these novel building materials and explores new avenues for their application in building construction
Bibliometric Analysis of Urban Coastal Development: Strategies for Climate-Resilient Timber Housing
No full textUrban development in coastal areas has become increasingly important due to the climate crisis and its effects on sea level rise and extreme events, which increased the vulnerability of coastal zones. Therefore, it is important to analyze possible sustainable development techniques in urban planning and residential housing construction based on low-carbon footprint materials such as timber. These techniques should be capable of mitigating the effects of flooding and uncontrolled rises in coastal areas, as well as identifying normative and economic differences in their application in the Chilean context. For this purpose, a bibliometric analysis of 3882 articles selected from the Web of Science database between 1987 and 2022 was conducted, allowing us to identify a range of possible solutions to be developed in the study area. This includes evaluating their potential for normative application and a cost analysis of these solutions. In this regard, housing solutions such as amphibious houses and houses on stilts are two types of flood-resistant homes that are gaining popularity worldwide. Following the technical–economic analysis, it was observed that the solution on stilts can be up to 50% more cost-effective to implement in Chile. However, both options offer a promising solution to minimize the risks of coastal flooding and should be taken into account in the urban planning of coastal areas
Geopolymer with brick and concrete demolition constructions waste
No full textThe production of building materials impacts non-renewable resources through excessive raw material extraction and fossil resource consumption. This study investigates alternatives to Portland cement concrete by valorizing construction and demolition waste (CDW), including brick and reinforced concrete. The objective is to replace or eliminate clinker using geopolymers while incorporating CDW as recycled aggregates. Sustainable concretes were developed, such as geoconcrete with 0% clinker and 50% recycled aggregate, along with blends containing varying CDW percentages for structural applications. Results indicate that geopolymers with 100% ground granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) achieve properties comparable to reference concrete. However, mixtures with recycled brick and concrete show lower strength due to low molarity and recycled aggregate usage. Elastic modulus increases with 100% GBFS but decreases by less than 10% with CDW. In beams, breaking moments reduce by up to 30% with 25% CDW, while brick-based mixtures demonstrate higher energy absorption