Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna
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L^p-Hodge decomposition with Sobolev classes in sub-Riemannian contact manifolds
No full textLet 1<∞. In this article we establish an L^p-Hodge decomposition theorem on sub-Riemannian compact contact manifolds without boundary, related to the Rumin complex of differential forms. Given an Lp- Rumin's form, we adopt an approach in the spirit of Morrey's book [26] (further performed in [18]) to obtain a decomposition with higher regular “primitives” i.e. that belong to suitable Sobolev classes. Our proof relies on recent results obtained in [4] and [6]
Exploring Tension in Hybrid Organizations in Times of Covid-19 Crisis. The Italian Benefit Corporations’ experience
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented social and
economic crisis, not least for hybrid organisations, as they must
manage the tension arising from their dual mission to create
social and economic value. Building on a theoretical framework
for hybrid tension, our work contextualises how tensions emerge
and are managed in hybrid organisations when they are exposed to
exogenous shocks. We address the following research question.
How have hybrid organisations managed the tensions arising from
their dual purpose during the COVID-19 crisis? Our focus is on
Italian benefit corporations, which are organisations combining
social and economic objectives. We conduct two focus groups with
12 Italian benefit corporations. Our findings show the emergence of
four constructs that capture the responses to the COVID-19 crisis:
social and/or commercial orientation; technological characterisation;
internal and external stakeholder relationship; openness to changes.
We explain the relationship of these constructs via a framework of
performing, organising, learning, and belonging tensions
The toll of prejudice: The longitudinal interplay between ethnic prejudice and well-being in adolescence
Get PDFEthnic prejudice has negative effects on the well-being of ethnic minorities. However, less is known about the consequences of holding negative attitudes toward diversity for ethnic majority youth in current multicultural societies. Across two studies, the current research examined the medium-term (Study I) and day-to-day (Study II) reciprocal associations between affective and cognitive prejudice and several well-being outcomes (i.e., subjective, psychological, and social well-being, physical health, and sleep) among ethnic majority adolescents. In Study I (N = 1103; Mage = 15.66, 48.59% females), ethnic prejudice was found to be mostly linked longitudinally and concurrently to decreases in well-being indicators, although with a few exceptions, at both the within- and between-person levels. Conversely, in Study II (N = 458; Mage = 15.59, 54.77% females), poorer subjective well-being and physical health were associated with increases in prejudice on the next day. Together, these findings suggest a spiraling effect whereby poor well-being leads to short-term increases in prejudice, which in turn contribute to medium-term decreases in well-being. Overall, this research highlights for the first time the intertwined nature of prejudice and well-being among ethnic majority youth and suggests the need to support adolescents in navigating the diversity of current societies
Influence of Aerobic Exercise on Functional Capacity and Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Patients With Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
No full textObjective: To determine the effects of aerobic training in randomized controlled clinical trials on functional capacity, motor symptoms, and oxy- gen consumption in individuals with Parkinson disease (PD) through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
Data Sources: PUBMED, Web of Science, CINAHL, SciELO, and Medline databases were searched to identify published studies until September 2023.
Study Selection: Randomized controlled clinical trials that evaluated the long-term effect of aerobic exercise in individuals with PD were included.
Data Extraction: Two independent reviewers extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias and the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. In case of disagreement, a third reviewer was consulted.
Data Synthesis: Thirteen studies were included in the systematic review, and the number of participants was 588 with an average age of 66.2 years (57-73y). The study’s exercise intervention lasted between 6 and 70 weeks, with most studies lasting 10-12 weeks, with 3 sessions per week and an average duration of 47 minutes per session. The meta-analysis revealed that aerobic exercise is effective in enhancing maximal oxygen uptake (standardized mean difference, SMD 0.42 [95% CI, 0.18, 0.66; P=.0007]) and functional capacity (SMD 0.48 [95% CI, 0.240.71; P<.0001]). In addition, aerobic exercise can reduce the motor-unified Parkinson disease rating scale (mean difference2.48 [95% CI, 3.16 to 1.81; P<.00001]) score in individuals with PD.
Conclusions: Aerobic exercise training conducted 2-3 times a week, with different intensities (low to high), can be an effective intervention for enhancing functional capacity, maximizing oxygen uptake, and reducing the UPDRS scores in individuals with PD
Youth and Urban Citizenship: The ‘Youth Gang’ Phenomenon Between Confict and Democratic Innovation
No full textProblematizing the idea of cities as neutral and unproblematic spaces, the chapter discusses how social hierarchies and conflicts between different ideas of citizenships are embedded in the physical and symbolic elements of urban contexts. Looking specifically at young people as a marginal urban population, the chapter argues that adult-centric ideas shaping city planning and urban policies limit young individuals’ right to the city through a marginalisation and stigmatization of their presence and practices in the public space. These premises are developed through the analysis of the emerging phenomenon of the so-called ‘youth gangs’, a catchy label used by the media and capable of orienting public debate. The chapter looks at a series of youth conflictual practices that are often labelled as ‘youth gang actions’ as claims of belonging and recognition expressed by marginalized segments of the youth population, reflects on the risks of radicalization connected to the adoption of stigmatizing and criminalizing approaches and discusses the opportunity of recognizing these practices’ potential for urban transformation
Choreography-Defined Networks: A Case Study on DoS Mitigation
No full textSoftware-defined networking and network function virtualization have brought unparalleled flexibility in defining and managing network architectures. With the widespread diffusion of cloud platforms, more resources are available to execute virtual network functions concurrently, but the current approach to defining networks in the cloud development is held back by the lack of tools to manage the composition of more complex flows than simple sequential invocations.
In this paper, we advocate for the usage of choreographic programming for defining the multiparty workflows of a network. When applied to the composition of virtual network functions, this approach yields multiple advantages: a single program expresses the behavior of all components, in a way that is easier to understand and check; a compiler can produce the executable code for each component, guaranteeing correctness properties of their interactions such as deadlock freedom; and the bottleneck of a central orchestrator is removed. We describe the proposed approach and show its feasibility via a case study where different functions cooperatively solve a security monitoring task
Factoring in the Micro: A Transaction‐Level Dynamic Factor Approach to the Decomposition of Export Volatility
Get PDFThis paper analyzes the export volatility sources estimating a dynamic factor modelon transaction-level data. Utilizing an exhaustive dataset of French export transactionsfrom 1993 to 2017, we reconstruct the latent factors space associated with globaland destination-specific macroeconomic shocks through a Quasi-Maximum likelihoodapproach which allows accommodating both the high share of missing values and thehigh dimensionality of the microeconomic time series. The estimated parameters are thenused to derive a volatility decomposition of the aggregate and firm-level export growthrates, highlighting structural spatial patterns and the role of geographical diversificationin mitigating export risks
L'istruzione elementare e popolare in Romagna dopo l'Unità : problemi, momenti e figure = Popular and primary instruction in the Romagna region after Italian unification : problem, phases and people
No full textDopo l’Unità il tema dell’istruzione popolare e della scuola elementare divenne cruciale per i ceti dirigenti, connesso alla questione della costruzione della nazione. L’estensione e applicazione del titolo V della legge Casati non fu però indolore, né tantomeno omogenea sul territorio nazionale, eco del conflitto tra accentramento e decentramento ‘tra centro e periferia’. Il contributo si sofferma sull’estensione della legge Casati in Romagna, focalizzando l’attenzione sul ruolo svolto da alcuni funzionari statali nell’applicazione della legge Casati e sull’azione di alcuni docenti e educatori particolarmente attivi nell’impegno profuso nella diffusione dell’istruzione elementare e popolare.After unification, the theme of popular education and elementary school became crucial for the ruling classes, connected to the question of nation building. However, the extension and application of Title V of the Casati law was not painless, nor was it homogeneous throughout the country, an echo of the conflict between centralization and decentralization 'between center and periphery'. This contribution focuses on the extension of the Casati law in Romagna, focusing the attention on the role played by some state officials in the application of the Casati law and on the action of some teachers and educators who are particularly active in the profuse commitment to the diffusion of elementary and popular education
Structural Priming in Sentence Production
No full textThis Element provides an overview of structural priming research across the three main populations on which experimental priming studies have concentrated: adult monolingual speakers, first language learners, and second language learners and bilinguals. Priming studies with monolingual adults were originally designed to inform psycholinguistic models of grammatical encoding in language production. Thanks to the implicit nature of the task, priming has turned out to be suitable for experimentally addressing questions about linguistic representation and use at the sentence level in speakers of any age. The view that priming is a form of implicit learning has sparked an interest in exploring continuity and life-long learning in language, opening up rich research areas in second-language acquisition and bilingualism. Priming rightly deserves to be a part of every language scientist’s tool kit
Acceleration waves in a spherical oscillating gas bubble containing a gas mixture
Get PDFThe non-equilibrium phenomena that characterize the dynamics of an oscillating bubble in a liquid are generally very complex. In this work we study the effects produced by the presence of a gas mixture in which the temperatures of each species are taken into account. Acceleration waves are used to test the stabilizing effects of the model and verify the possibility of shock formation within the bubble. It is shown that the diffusion associated with the presence of multiple temperatures cannot be neglected when describing what happens inside the bubble, even in the sonoluminescence regime