Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna
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Can Human Canonical Glutathione S-Transferases Act as RNA-Binding Proteins?
No full textGlutathione S-transferase (GST) is an enzyme superfamily of particular interest for human health with many functional roles, and it is involved in several cancer types. Under cell stress conditions, their concentrations can increase by up to 10% of cell protein content. Recently, a study describing the landscape of RNA-binding proteins in mammalian spermatogenesis reported evidence of canonical GST–RNA interactions in three mouse mu GSTs. Prompted by this, we searched for available databases and found that RBP2GO, which collects candidate RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) detected in recent human proteomic studies, also lists a few human GST–RNA interactions, without any molecular details. To highlight the molecular features of the GST–RNA interaction, we applied recently developed predictors of RNA–binding sites and validated the results with AutoDock Vina, a docking program that computes binding affinity. Overall, our findings support the notion that a GST–RNA interaction can exist and suggest a potential overlap between RNA binding sites and residues responsible for binding glutathione (GSH), which is the most common GST substrate. Our computational analysis supports the notion that human GSTs can bind RNA that shares the binding region with the glutathione-binding pocket
Factors influencing the implementation of the woman-centred care model for pregnant women in a hospital setting: an integrative review
No full textBackground: The term “Woman-Centred Care” focuses on the individual needs, aspirations and expectations of the woman herself rather than the needs of the healthcare system or professionals. The principles on which this model of care is based, are the control, choice, and continuity of care for women. Objective: The objective of this review would like to explore and summarise the evidence currently available on the factors which influence the implementation of the care model for pregnant women in a hospital setting. Methods: An integrative review was conducted using the method of Whittemore and Knafl and the PICOT search strategy. The Medline, PubMed and CINAHL databases were examined to identify primary studies that, between 2013 and July 2024, investigated factors influencing the implementation of women-centred care models in hospital settings. The inclusion/exclusion process and reporting followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The qualitỳ of the studies was assessed according to the criteria of the Mixed Method appraisal tool. Findings: 411 studies were eligible and 16 of those included. A total of 16 records were included. Four themes and four sub-themes influencing the implementation of Woman-Centred Care were identified: the perspective of the midwives; the care model; communication and collaboration (relationships with colleagues; relationship with women and empowerment) and, resources and support (organisation and stakeholders; management). Discussion: The implementation of the “Woman-Centred Care" model is strongly influenced by organizational policies and midwives' awareness of their role as guarantors of "natural" childbirth. Conclusion: The lack of a shared understanding of what Woman-Centred Care actually means can contribute to the confusion and definition with which it is proposed
Beyond the Western idea of scarsity. Contributions to a relational theory of law from indigenous cosmovisions
No full textThe most vital challenge humanity has to face is the climate and environmental crisis that our current economic model has produced, threatening the stability of the Earth’s system and our survival as a species. The last IPCC and IPBES reports show that if we continue with the business-as-usual model, future scenarios will be catastrophic. The scientific solutions suggested in those reports substantially correspond to how indigenous peoples have always conceived their relationship with Mother Earth: living in harmony with nature, recognizing our vulnerability and interdependency with all other biotic and abiotic elements that compose the Earth System. Indigenous knowledge shows that the core problem of the Anthropocene is scarcity of intra- and inter-species empathy and relations, and to remedy this we are called to an ecological conversion of our entire lifestyle. Until now, legal science has remained completely indifferent to this call. The aim of this chapter is therefore to investigate the impact this ecological and relational shift could have on the legal paradigm. Our main thesis argues that relationality, which represents the systemic interconnectedness of all ecological subjects, should shift from the periphery to the core of law. We then focus on the contribution of the chthonic tradition to the construction of a relational system of rights and investigate how this superposes and integrates with other critical approaches such as feminist and decolonial law, the ethics of care, and Earth Jurisprudence
PRIN-PNRR 2022 P20229JXJE | Jewish and Christian Marriages. Rituals, Rights, Interrelations (15th- 17th Centuries, Papal States) | CUP master J53D2301768 0001 Finanziato dall'Unione europea - Next Generation EU, missione 4, componente 2, investimento 1.1
No full textIl progetto indaga matrimonio ebraico e cristiano nella prima età moderna in prospettiva comparata. L'ambito geografico e politico osservato sarà principalmente lo Stato pontificio, e in particolare Roma, Bologna e la Romagna. La ricerca mette in dialogo storia dell'ebraismo e del cristianesimo, storia religiosa e politica, storia sociale e intellettuale, del diritto e storia di genere. Si svolge su uno spettro vario di fonti, stampate e manoscritte: dalla trattatistica teologica e giuridica ebraica e cristiana ai commenti scritturali, dalle fonti giudiziarie a quelle notarili, dall'erudizione alla letteratura
Symbiodiniaceae activity enhances larval energy reserves in the mediterranean Gorgonian Eunicella singularis
No full textCorals and gorgonians often form symbiotic relationships with Symbiodiniaceae. Despite extensive research in adult
colonies, the role of Symbiodiniaceae during the larval stage is still poorly understood, even though energy acquisition
and storage at this early stage are critical for population recovery following disturbances. This study aimed to elucidate
the contribution of Symbiodiniaceae to the larval energy dynamics of the Mediterranean gorgonian species Eunicella
singularis (Esper 1791). Larvae were exposed to light and dark conditions to manipulate Symbiodiniaceae activity, and
various biochemical parameters, including lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, chlorophyll-a content, and Symbiodiniaceae
density, were measured at the beginning and end of the Pelagic Larvae Duration (PLD). Additionally, respiration rates and
assimilation rates of isotopically labeled bicarbonate and ammonium were measured to quantify metabolic activity. We
found a significant increase in carbohydrate content under light conditions, and a reduction in lipid consumption, result-
ing in enhanced lipid reserves in larvae by the end of the PLD, which suggests active photosynthesis by the symbionts.
Symbiodiniaceae thus contributed to larval energy reserves through both carbohydrate and possibly lipid production. These
findings highlight the importance of Symbiodiniaceae in supporting energy dynamics during larval early development
stages, enhancing their potential for dispersion, settlement and survival
From open to closed societies: Inequality, migration, and women's rights
Full text linkWe study six centuries of institutional change in the governance of the commons across over three hundred Italian communities. Wealthier communities, facing migration pressure due to unequal resource endowments, restricted access to common property resources by excluding women from membership, thereby limiting migration through marriage. Using archival data and an agent-based model, we show that this endogenous closure spread via a domino effect and persisted until a centralized Napoleonic reform reinstated egalitarian access. The findings highlight how migration, inequality, and gendered institutions interact in polycentric systems, offering broader insights for the political economy of property rights on land and institutional reform in developing contexts
The Role and Types Expert Bodies in Policy Advisory Systems
No full textA common topic in public policy and administration research is the significance of knowledge in policy-making. There is a vast and diverse body of literature on evidence-based policy-making, which includes (among others) works by Capano and Malandrino (2022), Christensen (2021), Head (2008, 2010), Howlett (2019), Laage-Thomsen (2021), and Plowden (1987). Similarly, a number of studies have analysed policy advisory systems and think tanks, committees, and similar expert bodies that are often set up by governments to make suggestions on how to address policy problems.
Despite the consolidation of this literature, there is still a fragmented body of research on the characteristics of the expert bodies that the government tends to appoint on a recurring basis. This fragmented literature can be divided into three streams of research. The first stream of research, which arose within organization theory and public policy analysis, focuses on ad hoc expert bodies. A second stream of research focuses on what are called scientific advisory committees. A third stream of research, typical of political science, focuses primarily on the political-bureaucratic reasons for expert appointments. All these streams aim to understand the composition and functioning of expert bodies, but there seems to be no accumulation process and, therefore, no shared conceptualization of why and how these bodies are appointed
The War as a Clash of Identity Regimes: the Road to the Securitization of Identity in Ukraine and Russia
No full textIn the months following the start of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, international observers were able to note how in the official state discourses in both Russia and Ukraine the war was predominantly being shaped around identity issues. Adopting a long-term perspective, in this paper we will devote our attention to the development of what we will describe as “identity regimes”, i.e. a set of narratives and policies promoted and shaped by Russian and Ukrainian officials in post-Soviet times in order to redraw the borders of their respective political communities. As we will see, the case of the war in Ukraine in 2022 shows how the current collision of the incompatible historical narratives over the attributes of the Ukrainian and Russian political communities has followed a gradual crystallisation of their respective narratives in oppositional terms over the last decade. A special focus will be devoted to the dynamics following the start of the war in Donbas in 2014, when the repertoire of categories around language and memory practices in use today eventually came to be shaped along diverging lines
Rheological control of cementitious composites incorporating ceramic wastes for 3D printing applications
Full text linkIn response to the environmental impact of cement production and industrial discarded materials, this study
explores the valorisation of ceramic wastes as replacement of clinker in low-carbon cementitious composites for
application in additive manufacturing. Ceramic wastes from different sources were used as substitute of calcined
clay in limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) mortar. The embodied CO2 reduction of these new binders exceeds
40 % compared to Portland Cement (PC), thus representing a notable advancement in low-emission cementitious
composites. The influence of six ceramic wastes on the fresh state performance of mortar was assessed through
flow table tests and rheological measurements. A ball measuring system was used to assess viscosity, static yield
stress, and their early-age evolution, combining the high resolution of benchtop rheometers with the possibility
of testing of 3D-printable mortars with aggregates up to 2 mm, featuring high yield stress values. Numerical
simulations based on the Particle Finite Element Method were then used to evaluate the printability of developed
mix designs, avoiding time consuming trial and error testing campaigns and paving the way for through printing
trials on a selected set of waste materials.
Numerical simulations highlighted that, while all tested formulations showed good performance for small-
scale 3D printing, careful material selection becomes crucial when targeting larger structures to ensure stabil-
ity and minimize deformation. Additionally, the simulations allowed prediction of material behaviour, partic-
ularly valuable given the high variability of waste-based constituents, emphasizing the innovative combination
of circular economy concepts with a unique approach to additive manufacturing supported by numerical
simulations
Vom Allgemeinen zur Persönlichkeit: Schellings Kritik an Kants Postulatenlehre im Übergang zur positiven Philosophie
No full textThis paper examines Schelling’s critique of Kant’s postulated path to God as a demand of practical reason and his search for an alternative conception of this path. It analyzes how Schelling’s engagement with Kant leads to a redefinition of personality and freedom that goes beyond Kant’s practical philosophy. Schelling argues that Kant’s doctrine of postulates renders reason insufficient to conceive the path to God as entrusted to the individual, practical I. For Schelling, it is not universal reason but the I itself as personality that calls for a transcendent person beyond the world. The study outlines Schelling’s reflections in the 24th lecture of the Presentation of the Purely Rational Philosophy, his critique of Kant’s Critique of Practical Reason, and his conception of personhood and freedom. It aims to show how the late Schelling opens a new perspective on autonomy, individuality, and the practical dimension of the self