Archivio istituzionale della Ricerca - Scuola Normale Superiore
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[Recensione a] Il tocco di Pigmalione. Rubens e la scultura a Roma, Rome, Galerie Borghèse, du 14 novembre 2023 au 18 février 2024
Full text linkPupillometry and Brain-wide c-Fos Mapping Uncover Multimodal Mirror Emotional Contagion Related Networks of Mice
No full textEmotional contagion (ECo) represents a fundamental form of empathy. In this study, we used pupillometry to quantify ECo by assessing pupil responses of a mouse watching another mouse receive a tail shock. Pupil dilation effectively measured both direct and vicarious emotional response thresholds at the individual level through psychometric curve analysis. The pupillary ECo response diminished when the observer could not see the demonstrator, suggesting a multisensory process involving vision. Viewing videos of tail-shocked mice elicited a pupil response in the observer. Brain-wide c-Fos mapping revealed a broad network of 88 brain regions activated during ECo, with all areas activated in the demonstrator also engaged in the observer. Additionally, in some brain regions, correlated activation was detected between each observer-demonstrator pair, indicating that ECo promotes a shared neural state. These findings advance our understanding of the neural basis of shared emotions, with implications for analyzing neuropsychiatric disorder models
La scultura di figura e l’intaglio in legno a Roma tra secondo Seicento e primo Settecento: Tecniche e protagonisti, tra fruizione e trasmissione di valori formali
Full text linkThe thesis analizes woodcarving and wood-sculpture in Rome between 1600 and 1725 ca. from multiple points of view. The first chapter provides a historical profile of the University and Archconfraternity of Carpenters at the church of S. Giuseppe, the insitituion that regulated the life of all wood craftsmen residing in the city, trough archival research.
The second chapter carefully revisits guides and voyage literature to find any proof of a possible scholarly interest of wooden art in Rome in the past. Then, it poses a more theoretical question: clarifying the motivation for the almost total absence of polychrome devotional wooden sculpture in the city.
To do this, the theological sources of the Counter-Reformation, contrary to the use of excessively active or moving images, and those of artistic literature, strongly influenced by the social positioning of the Academies of Drawing, which tended to distance themselves from mechanical trades, were re-examined.
The third chapter addresses some specific cases of the rare presence of devotional sculpture in Rome, emphasizing the role of jubilee processions and religious orders in the attempt to revive this specific art form. The fourth chapter reviews the knowledge on wood carving techniques in the chronology of interest.
The thesis concludes with a series of biographies on the most important wood carving artists, in which the family connections and figurative debts that linked the artists emerge strongly. When possible, it was decided to focus on some specific works for each artist: primary attention was given to organ façades, as these represent the major public works of wood carvers, otherwise specialized in private furnishings.
In the appendix, summary tables of the prices of the works and documentary discoveries made on the patent registers of the University of Carpenters are provided.La tesi affronta il fenomeno della scultura lignea d'età barocca in area romana da molteplici punti di vista. Il primo capitolo presenta una ricostruzione delle vicende storiche dell'Università e Arciconfraternita dei Falegnami presso la chiesa di S. Giuseppe, organo che regolamentava la vita di tutti gli artefici del legno residenti nell'Urbe, svolta sulla base della ricerca d'archivio.
Il secondo capitolo, dopo aver fatto riemergere tutti i possibili luoghi d'interesse dell'arte lignaria a Roma attraverso lo spoglio della guidistica, si pone un interrogativo più teorico: esaminare la motivazione della quasi totale assenza di scultura devozionale policroma in legno nella città.
Per fare questo si sono riesaminate le fonti teologiche della Controriforma, contrarie all’utilizzo di immagini eccessivamente attive o commoventi, e quelle della letteratura artistica, fortemente influenzata dal posizionamento sociale delle Accademie del disegno, che tendevano a distanziarsi dai mestieri meccanici.
Il terzo capitolo affronta alcuni casi specifici della rara presenza di scultura devozionale a Roma, enfatizzando il ruolo delle processioni giubilari e degli ordini religiosi nel tentativo di rilancio di questa specifica forma d’arte. Il quarto capitolo passa in rassegna le conoscenze sulle tecniche dell'intaglio ligneo nella cronologia d'interesse.
Concludono la tesi una serie di biografie ragionate sui più importanti autori in legno, in cui emergono fortemente i nessi familistici e i debiti figurativi che legavano gli artisti. Quando possibile, si è scelto di concentrarsi per ciascuno degli artisti sulla realizzazione di alcune opere significative: in particolare si è data una significativa rilevanza alle facciate d’organo, in quanto queste rappresentano le maggiori opere pubbliche degli intagliatori in legno, altrimenti specializzati in arredo privato.
In appendice, si forniscono tabelle riassuntive dei prezzi delle opere e delle scoperte documentarie svolte sui registri delle patenti dell’Università dei Falegnami
La miniatura a Napoli nel Quattrocento secondo Pietro Summonte
No full textIn quest’articolo ci si sofferma sulla sezione della Lettera di Pietro Summonte a Marcantonio Michiel del 20 marzo 1524 dedicata alla miniatura. In particolare, si discute, oltre che della notizia dell’esordio di Jan van Eyck come miniatore, da riportare al successo dei modelli fiamminghi nella Napoli aragonese, della preferenza accordata dall’autore a due artisti del libro quali Giovanni Todeschino e Gaspare da Padova. Si mostra, quindi, come la centralità di tali figure nella missiva dipenda dalla loro convinta adesione alla corrente della miniatura all’antica e dalla fortuna collezionistica delle loro opere presso i sovrani aragonesi, aspetti che per l’umanista napoletano costituivano dei veri e propri parametri qualitativi
Under-coverage in high-statistics counting experiments with finite MC samples
No full textWe consider the problem of setting confidence intervals on a parameter of interest from the maximum-likelihood fit of a physics model to a binned data set with a large number of bins, large event-counts per bin, and in the presence of systematic uncertainties modeled as nuisance parameters. We use the profile-likelihood ratio for statistical inference and focus on the case in which the model is determined from Monte Carlo simulated samples of finite size. We start by presenting a toy model in which the properties of widely used approximations of the profile-likelihood ratio in the asymptotic limit, which are commonly expected to hold in the high-statistics regime, are manifestly broken even if the numbers of events per bin in both the data and simulated samples are seemingly large enough to warrant their validity. We then move to the general setting to show how statistical uncertainties in the Monte Carlo predictions can affect the coverage of confidence intervals constructed in the asymptotic approximation always in the same direction, namely they lead to systematic under-coverage
Sticky feeling politics: affective feminist resilience to anti-gender politics in the Spanish parliament
No full textThe rise of anti-gender and far-right actors threatens feminist, anti-racist and LGBTQIA+
politics. While responses to these forces are being researched, the affective dynamics of
parliamentary resistance remain underexplored. This article examines how affect shapes feminist
resilience to anti-gender politics in Spain’s National Parliament, foregrounding the affective
dynamics of parliamentary debates, which are especially relevant to understand because antigender
actors weaponise emotions against feminism. Building on Ahmed’s ‘sticky affects’ and
Bargetz’s ‘feeling politics’, we propose the concept of ‘sticky feeling politics’ to explore how
affective parliamentary dynamics shaped by anti-gender politics attach feelings to gendered and
racialised bodies, and how feminist members of Parliament (MPs) feel, navigate and contest
these. Drawing on 12 debates and 22 interviews with MPs, staff and allied organisations, we
trace practices of embodied resilience, solidarity and political rationality. The article advances
scholarship on the affective life of institutions, showing how feminist actors foster affective
political resilience within hostile terrains
Repertoires of action and collective memory : the re-emergence of feminist self-managed health centers in Italy
No full textThis article analyzes the relationship between repertoires of action and collective memory by exploring the re-emergence of feminist self-managed health centers in Italy. These were a key form of action of 1970s feminism in the country, which rapidly disappeared after the institution of state-based Family Health Centers. In the last decades, feminist and transfeminist self-managed health centers have resurfaced in several Italian cities. The present article investigates the mnemonic dynamics underpinning the re-adoption of a form of action from the past in subsequent cycles of mobilization. Social movement scholars have stressed the relatively stable and repetitive character of the repertoire of collective action over time, considering it as part of an implicit memory. The article examines a case in which the discontinuous adoption of a form of action makes its retrieval by subsequent activists the result of active memory work. While the study of social movements and collective memory has grown considerably in the last decades, the study of repertoires remains largely under-researched in this field. Filling this gap, this study shows how, by adopting a symbolically and historically meaningful repertoire, activists re-elaborate their collective identity in the present and establish a relationship with previous cycles. It suggests that further research should investigate the relationship between collective memory and repertoires of action
Scalable augmented Lagrangian preconditioners for fictitious domain problems
Full text linkWe present preconditioning techniques to solve linear systems of equations with a block two-by-two and three-by-three structure arising from finite element discretizations of the fictitious domain method with Lagrange multipliers. In particular, we propose two augmented Lagrangian-based preconditioners to accelerate the convergence of iterative solvers for such classes of linear systems. We consider two relevant examples to illustrate the performance of these preconditioners when used in conjunction with flexible GMRES: the Poisson and the Stokes fictitious domain problems. A spectral analysis is established for both exact and inexact versions of the preconditioners. We show the effectiveness of the proposed approach and the robustness of our preconditioning strategy through extensive numerical tests in both two and three dimensions