Archivio della ricerca - Fondazione Bruno Kessler
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The performance of missing transverse momentum reconstruction and its significance with the ATLAS detector using 140 fb of √s = 13 TeV pp collisions
No full textNew microscopic indicators for evaluating traffic efficiency and safety
No full textImproving both safety and efficiency in traffic systems remains a central challenge, especially in the context of increasingly mixed traffic with autonomous and human-driven vehicles. Although many indicators assess either safety or efficiency, few capture both dimensions simultaneously at a microscopic level. This paper introduces two new traffic indicators: Efficiency Index (EI), which measures local speed and spacing regularity, and Safety and Efficiency Index (SEI), which combines EI with a time-to-collision safety component. A tunable version, SEMI, allows greater sensitivity to risk by penalizing safety-critical interactions. Using real-world traffic flow data and simulation via SUMO, we tested these indicators in varying penetration rates of autonomous vehicles. The results show that while AVs improve efficiency across the board, the safety gains become especially pronounced in dense traffic. These findings offer a flexible and interpretable tool for researchers and practitioners in traffic engineering, vehicle automation, and public policy. The proposed indicators can inform the design of AV control models, traffic management strategies, and infrastructure planning where safety-efficiency trade-offs must be explicitly addressed
Multiparametric Microwave Sensor for Environmental Measurements
No full textIn this paper, we propose the use of multiple passive microwave sensors to monitor several environmental parameters simultaneously. The system can be easily integrated into a chipless RFID system to obtain sensing and identification in a single, simple tag, which is also inexpensive, completely passive, suitable for harsh environments and easy to fabricate. We demonstrate the capability to detect humidity, NO2, ozone and ammonia. The main challenges, related to the selection of suitable sensing materials and the detection system, are also discussed, together with possible directions for future work
Awe of displacement. Recentering Humans in a post-quantum era
No full textThis paper explores the evolving conceptualization of humanity’s place in the cosmos, tracing a trajectory from anthropocentric narratives rooted in religion and classical science to the decentering revelations of modern science, and finally toward a nuanced “recentering” influenced by quantum mechanics. Challenging the notion that language or consciousness alone marks human uniqueness, the paper highlights evolutionary evidence — such as changes in the sphenoid bone — that reveal our symbolic capacities as contingent rather than exceptional. The “awe of displacement,” catalyzed by discoveries in cosmology, biology, and anthropology, reflects a cultural and cognitive dislocation from humanity’s once–assumed centrality. Yet, the paper argues, recent developments in quantum theory introduce a paradigm shift. By positioning the observer as integral to the manifestation of physical reality, quantum mechanics complicates traditional dichotomies between subject and object, nature and culture. Human perception, cognition, and language are not passive tools of observation, but active participants in shaping reality itself. This reconfiguration does not return us to anthropocentrism, but instead suggests a dynamic centrality based on entanglement, interaction, and participation. From this perspective, the age of the so called “Anthropocene” brings about new meanings: humanity’s centrality manifests not through dominance, but responsibility. Finally, the paper engages with contemporary expressions of human exceptionalism in biotechnology and space exploration, critically examining their ethical and existential implications. In conclusion, the paper proposes that displacement and recentralization are not opposing movements, but interwoven dynamics shaping a new understanding of human identity — one grounded in humility, interconnectedness, and the participatory nature of knowledge itself
Exploring customised virtual environments in patients with cognitive decline and responsive behaviours: protocol for a proof-of-concept and feasibility study in a long-term care facility (iEMBRACE)
No full textIntroduction The global rise in the population aged
over 65 has led to a corresponding increase in cognitive
impairment diagnoses, with dementia as a predominant
condition characterised by diverse aetiopathogenetic
profiles. Behavioural and psychological symptoms of
dementia (BPSD) encompass a range of psychiatric,
behavioural and cognitive symptoms associated with
cognitive impairment. BPSD significantly affects patients,
caregivers and healthcare providers, often necessitating
interventions like sedatives or physical restraints that may
worsen patient outcomes. Emerging evidence underscores
the need for innovative, non-pharmacological interventions
to manage BPSD effectively.
The current study intends to investigate the feasibility
and acceptability of customised, immersive virtual reality
environments (iVRe) to reduce responsive behaviours
among individuals with dementia. Building on prior
findings demonstrating virtual reality (VR) potential in
reducing anxiety and fostering positive emotional states,
this pilot study assesses the feasibility, safety and user
engagement of customised iVRe interventions.
Methods and analysis A longitudinal, mixed-methods
design will be employed, enrolling 20 elderly participants
with varying levels of cognitive impairment from the
APSP ‘Margherita Grazioli’ long-term care facility in
Trento. Participants undergo three VR exposure sessions
featuring tailored environments adjusted in real-time for
visual and auditory preferences. Data collection integrates
standardised self-report questionnaires, observational
tools and clinical records. Measures include the Functional
Assessment Staging Tool, Neuropsychiatric Inventory
and Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory, as well as tools
assessing pain, anxiety and emotional states before,
during and after VR sessions.
Ethics and dissemination The study protocol has been
approved by the Comitato Etico Territoriale della Provincia
Autonoma di Trento per le Sperimentazioni Cliniche,
Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari—Trento, Italy
(Rep. Int. 12090, 15 May 2025). All participants or their
legal representatives will provide written informed consent
prior to enrolment. Deidentified data will be securely stored
on institutional servers at the Fondazione Bruno Kessler
and the APSP ‘Margherita Grazioli’, curated in compliance
with the General Data Protection Regulation, and retained
for 3 years after study completion. Any data shared
externally will be provided in fully anonymised form, and
only for scientific purposes, subject to prior ethical and
legal approval. Study findings will be disseminated through
peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and
executive summaries shared with participating institutions
and stakeholders.
Trial registration number NCT06693193
Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering Volume 1382
No full textThis book provides a comprehensive insight into state-of-the-art research and devel-opments in micro/nanoelectronics devices, circuits and systems, by collecting the papers accepted and presented during the 2024 Springer 4th International Confer-ence on Micro/Nanoelectronics Devices, Circuits and Systems (MNDCS-2024), held during 29–31 January 2024 (hybrid mode) by IEEE EDS NIT Silchar Student Branch Chapter and IEEE Nanotechnology Council Chapter, in association with the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Assam, India
System Analysis of a SMOX Sensor Impedance Spectroscopy Interface Based on Chopper Stabilized Amplifier with Correlated Multiple Sampling
No full textThis paper presents a system-level analysis of an electrical impedance spectroscopy readout architecture for semiconducting metal-oxide sensors. The proposed architecture employs a chopper stabilized amplifier coupled with a correlated multiple sampling method to effectively eliminate the offset and attenuate the low-frequency noise introduced by the amplifier. Furthermore, the system exploits the mixer-free digital quadrature demodulation technique to extract the in-phase and quadrature components of the signal obtained from the sensor. The trade-offs of the proposed architecture for impedance spectroscopy applications are analyzed. The results of the simulations are discussed to emphasize the effectiveness of the proposed solution showing an increase in SNR of up to +12.65 dB with respect to the correlated double sampling technique
Enhancing E-Voting with Multiparty Class Group Encryption
No full textCHide is one of the most prominent e-voting protocols, which, while combining security and efficiency, suffers from having very long encrypted credentials. In this paper, starting from CHide, we propose a new protocol, based on multiparty Class Group Encryption (CGE) instead of discrete logarithm cryptography over known order groups. We achieve a computational complexity of O(nr), for n votes and r voters, while calling the MixNet algorithm one time. The homomorphic properties of CGE allow for credentials that are shorter by a factor of 20 while maintaining the same level of security, at the cost of a small slowdown in efficiency
TROPix: A parametric tool reproducing the output of the HEPD-02 pixel detector
No full textThis paper introduces TROPix, a parametric simulation tool designed to reproduce the output of silicon pixel detectors. Developed for the Direction Detector of the HEPD-02 detector on the second China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES-02), TROPix utilizes the GEANT4 toolkit for energy deposition and a parametric approach for charge generation and diffusion. The simulation process incorporates thermal noise and digitization, with all parameters fine-tuned using experimental beam-test data. Although TROPix is tuned for HEPD-02 data, it can also be adapted for use with other detectors employing pixel sensors, providing a versatile and computationally efficient solution for numerous applications. Results for Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) based on ALTAI chips are presented, highlighting TROPix’s ability to replicate the property of pixel clusters, defined as the number of pixels fired by the particle passage. These characteristics comprehend the dependencies on charged particle deposited energy and incident angle, as well as the typical shapes of clusters. Validation using beam test data acquired with ALTAI sensors demonstrates that TROPix reproduces the cluster size dependence on deposited energy, with agreement within 20%. For cluster shape occurrences, the simulated results align with the data within 25% of the total uncertainty