Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Pavia
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Capacitive sensing for facial expression recognition and beyond: Materials, architectures, and wearable applications
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The needs and unmet needs for people living with dementia, caregivers and care workers in dementia health care systems: a systematic review
No full textIntroduction: The prevalence and costs of dementias are rising due to demographic changes. Dementia care depends largely on informal caregivers and fragmented healthcare systems that often fail to meet the needs of people with dementia. Objectives: This systematic review aims to identify unmet needs and barriers in European dementia care, providing a framework to improve health strategies. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, articles from 2013 to 2023 were screened from Embase, PsycINFO, HTA Database, and Web of Science. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used for evaluation. Results: From 3,738 articles, 47 met the inclusion criteria. Through a narrative synthesis, the review identified unmet needs and barriers among People Living with Dementia, caregivers, and healthcare workers. Psychosocial and emotional support are essential for managing stress and ensuring quality of life. Caregivers demand education about dementia care, progression, and self-care, while healthcare workers need training, and interdisciplinary teams. Cultural sensitivity is critical for addressing stigma and facilitating inclusive care for ethnic minorities. Healthcare access remains fragmented, thereby decreasing continuity of care for families. High costs, bureaucratic complexity, and geographical inequalities, particularly in rural areas can be barrier to care for People Living with Dementia and their families. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted social support services, increasing distress and uncertainty. About limitation, publication bias and geographical bias from focus on Europe were possible, potentially overlooking insights from other regions. Conclusion: There is need for public policies to enhance education, community support, and dementia awareness, with a focus on culturally sensitive care
Homopolar Rotor Slot Harmonics for Inter-Turn Fault Detection in Induction Motors
No full textStator faults detection under normal operation is one of the most important open problems in Induction Motors (IMs): they start as Inter-Turn Faults (ITFs) and rapidly evolve into catastrophic failures, being one of the major causes of shutdown. Hence, continuous monitoring is essential for early detection. Regarding this, line current analysis is preferred due to ease of equipment installation. In this paper, a new ITF indicator is proposed: amplitude of the homopolar Rotor Slot Harmonics (RSHs); those that form a homopolar system in a symmetrical machine. These harmonics are proven as always highly sensitive, opposite to previously used RSHs, which appear as sensitive or completely insensitive, depending on the motor analyzed. It is shown how ITF detection can be reliably solved using homopolar RSHs: they dramatically rise under early ITFs. To achieve generality, a theoretical analysis is conducted to deduce which are these RSHs as a function of the number of bars per pole pairs of the IM. Moreover, the proposed approach automatically selects and detects these harmonics, and ensures robustness against load, eccentricity and voltage unbalance variations. Efficacy of this approach is confirmed through finite element simulations of three IMs covering all cases and laboratory tests
Metal organic frameworks as molecular encapsulants to prevent efficiency losses in perovskite solar cells
No full textPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) exhibit exceptional power conversion efficiencies; however, their commercial deployment remains hindered by pronounced instability under environmental stressors such as moisture, oxygen, elevated temperatures, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In this work, we present the design and integration of mixed-matrix thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) encapsulant films embedded with zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) and its fluorinated-silane–functionalized analogue (F-ZIF8). These films serve as intermediate barrier layers in the glass–glass encapsulation architecture of p–i–n structured PSCs employing a triple-cation perovskite composition (Cs0.03MA0.07FA0.9PbI3). The incorporation of MOF nanofillers imparts a tortuous diffusion pathway that significantly impedes moisture ingress, while maintaining a low lamination temperature (∼110 °C) compatible with the thermal sensitivity of the perovskite absorber layer. Under accelerated humidity aging conditions (relative humidity >85%, 25 °C), devices encapsulated with TPU/ZIF8 and TPU/F-ZIF8 retained 84% and 81%, respectively, of their initial power conversion efficiency (PCE) after 70 days. In contrast, devices encapsulated with pristine TPU exhibited a markedly shorter T80lifetime of only 25 days. These findings highlight the potential of MOF-based mixed-matrix TPU films as high-performance encapsulants, capable of enhancing the operational durability of PSCs under harsh environmental conditions. This approach represents a viable strategy toward the development of commercially relevant perovskite photovoltaic technologies with prolonged service lifetimes
A 145-ns Response Time High-Side Current Sense for a 100-V Monolithic GaN Half Bridge
No full textThis paper presents a monolithic GaN current sense circuit designed for the high-side of a 100-V half-bridge. The circuit is engineered to minimize current offsets and response times across a wide range of input voltages (10 V to 100 V), as well as varying temperatures and current loads. It is capable of tracking inductor current ripples and detecting the zero-current condition of the half-bridge high-side power transistor. The proposed solution demonstrates a simulated loop gain exceeding 100 dB and a bandwidth of 43.9 MHz, which achieves an accuracy of 99.4% and a response time of 145 ns under operating conditions of 50-V input voltage, 10-A current load, and 27°C
Photodynamic Therapy Modulates pri-miRNA Expression in C. albicans-Infected HEK-293 Cells: An In Vitro Study
No full textCulture Collections for Conservation Ex Situ: Characterization and Biotechnological Application Potential of Saprotrophic Fungal Strains from Brazil
No full textSaprotrophic and lignocellulolytic fungi from tropical areas especially represent a promising
yet relatively underexplored frontier for both taxonomy and applied research. This
makes ex situ conservation through culture collections of paramount importance. Here,
10 lignocellulolytic strains isolated from the State of São Paulo (Brazil) and deposited in
the Brazilian Culture Collection (now CCIBt) were identified through the ITS region. In
order to prevent accidental losses, these strains have been shared with the collection of the
University of Milano—Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (De-
FENS), as well as the MicUNIPV Fungal Research Culture Collection—University of Pavia
(Italy). Most of the fungal species in the examined set exhibit a neotropical distribution,
while 3 out of 10 are nowadays recognized as subcosmopolitan despite their prevalence in
the neotropical area. One holotropical, one cosmopolitan and one holarctic species are also
present. Based on the literature, 8 out of the 10 characterized species are known to produce
psilocybin (e.g., Psilocybe cubensis and Candolleomyces candolleanus) and/or enzymes with
potential applications in environmental and medical biotechnology (e.g., Lentinus crinitus).
All 10 strains were described for their micro- and macro-characteristics; their growth rate
was evaluated and culture pictures provided. Taxonomic and nomenclatural controversies
concerning Candolleomyces candolleanus, Cubamyces lactineus and Pycnoporus sanguineus
are discussed
Presentazione: La riforma dell'attribuzione del cognome, oltre il patronimico, tra Corte costituzionale, Legislatore e famiglia
No full textIl volume monografico della rivista federalmi.it n. 11/2025, con il contributo di tutti gli Autori dei saggi pubblicati, ricostruisce in chiave costituzionale (e non solo) l’evoluzione normativa e giurisprudenziale che ha condotto al superamento del patronimico quale regola generale e automatica. L’analisi mostra come la vicenda del cognome costituisca un osservatorio privilegiato per comprendere il rapporto tra poteri dello Stato, la funzione di supplenza della Corte e le trasformazioni costituzionali in materia di identità, famiglia ed eguaglianza sostanziale