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An Assessment of Employee Engagement at Work: Evidence from the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC).
No full textThe objective of this dissertation was to assess factors essential for employee engagement by drawing evidence from the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC). Employee engagement is a broad term that encompasses employee motivation and organisational commitment, several theories such as Abraham Maslow’s theory of needs and Penna theory had provided factors (pay, salaries, working conditions, leadership, promotional opportunities, meaning at work) which leads to employee motivation, organisational commitment and employee engagement. This study thus tried to apply these factors to the NNPC to discover if there is a correlation, thereby authenticating the Maslow’s or Penna Theory. The study adopted the qualitative methodology which used the interpretivist research philosophy, and the qualitative survey as a research strategy. The study further collected data through semi-structured interviews conducted with 8 participants of the NNPC. The study used thematic analysis to analyse data and present its findings. The study discovered that both Maslow and Penna’s theory were significant for employee engagement, however, factors noted by Penna’s theory was more accurate in explaining employee engagement, as the participants revealed that they were adequately motivated in their workplace due to pay, salaries and working conditions. They also revealed that they were committed to their organisation based on the credibility of promotional opportunities and attitude of leadership. Furthermore, they displayed high levels of employee engagement due to attaining meaning at work via their attitude to work, attitudes to other employees and organisational values. The study thus recommends that the factors as postulated by the Penna’s theory be reinforced and strengthened in the NNPC to provoke greater levels of motivation, commitment and engagement. Also, the research recommends that a quantitative research should be carried out to investigate the potency of the Penna’s theory on a wider range of employees, this will enable the ability to generalise the findings of the accuracy and authenticity of Penna’s theory
Challenges impacting the reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions among healthcare professionals: Improving pharmacovigilance in Nigeria.
No full textThe thesis aims to evaluate factors pertaining to reporting Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) among healthcare professionals- medical doctors and pharmacists- in Nigeria by conducting a questionnaire-based survey and phone interviews for quantitative and qualitative analysis respectively. To achieve this, the knowledge, awareness and challenges faced by medical professionals in relation to ADR reporting were considered in order to determine effective recommendations to improve ADR reporting practices and pharmacovigilance in Nigeria. Both groups of healthcare professionals were compared to determine their opinions on frequency of observed and reported ADRs, reasons for high underreporting rates, awareness of ADR reporting methods, guidelines and regulations as well as the NAFDAC regulatory body responsible for handling submitted ADR reports. A total of 104 out of 140 responded to the survey, of whom 53 (75.7%) were medical doctors and 51 (72.9%) were pharmacists. Interestingly, 34.0% of medical doctors who responded did not know how to report ADRs compared to just 5.9% of pharmacists who responded. From the analysis conducted, the pharmacists had better knowledge, awareness and experience over medical doctors regarding ADR reporting in Nigeria. However, an overwhelming 90.0% of both groups of respondents opted for ADR reporting being made compulsory as a professional obligation towards pharmacovigilance. The inaccessibility of ADR report forms when needed, complex reporting procedures, busy work schedules and lack of time remained the most challenging factors to ADR reporting while fear of legal liabilities or the clinical knowledge to identify ADRs were among the least challenges reported. Organising pharmacovigilance conferences and continuous education programs to improve awareness among healthcare professionals and including ADR reporting courses during undergraduate professional training will improve knowledge of ADR reporting. Establishing ADR departments in healthcare institutions headed by ADR specialists and offering incentives in the form of professional recognition rather than financial rewards are sustainable recommendations to improve the practice of ADR reporting in Nigeria
An Investigation into the Effects of Transparency of Charities in Brazil.
No full textThis research attempts to ascertain transparency practices and the related financial performance of charitable organisations, and to analyse the financial and non-financial effects of those practices when applied to the context of Brazil. To this end, a sample of 100 charities that won the first awards “100 Best NGOs” promoted by Institute Doar in 2017 was chosen. Medium and large organisations represent a prevalent part (87 NGOs) of the sample (annual average income over 250,000 dollars). The study is divided in 4 stages. In the first and second stages, the author analysed the websites of the organisations and their financial statements, to clarify the transparency practices, and to gather and compare their financial and non-financial information. A survey was sent to all the organisations (39 respondents), utilising international academic theories regarding the effects of transparency for non-profit organisations to identify patterns and differences when those theories are applied to the context of Brazil and also to discover new hypothesis . As the last stage, an interview with 5 participants was conducted to gain a deeper understanding about their transparency practices and its effects. Quantitative and qualitative analysis were applied to interpret the data while comparing the results to international scholars. The study found that among the most common transparency practices of these organisations are: disclosure of the name of the directors and board members of the organisation, and publication of the financial statements and activity report on their websites. Regarding the positive effects of transparency practices, this research concludes that transparency practices can improve relationships and attract many stakeholders to donate and engage with the organisation (individuals,staff,private companies,and the government),it is also considered important for maintaining the trust of society and to bring more security and confidence tothe management of those NGOs for decision making. A negative effect of transparency practices was identified, it can increase the organisation’s costs, but this can also be seen as an investment regarding to the positive effects mentioned before. Financial scandals involving a small group of charities can negatively affect the entire sector and the industry in Brazil seems to be managing to regulate itself
How Different Materials are Carried on the Routes of India in Supply Chain
No full textIn this research , it was presented that how there are different kind of materials which can be transported by commercial vehicle, various category of heavy vehicles, weight segments for carrying distinct product with safety, emission standard for vehicles and numerous challenges faced while transporting the goods. This study focusses on five category material, commercial vehicles, weight, new emission norms and challenges. For analysing this paper descriptive coding was used so that data can easily be divided into these categories. The result shows that for loading and unloading of materials documents, workforce, equipment and safety kit are needed, different type of commercial vehicle is needed for carrying distinct material like liquid in tankers, parcel in container and generic product in trailers, safety measures like plastic covers and straps for open body vehicles, SS tank for chemical products and wooden or cardboard sheets in containers, the new norms has improved the engines, vehicles produce less pollution, better safety equipment, only improvement is done but no major changes has been noticed. Finally, the challenges faced in transit are theft, less margin, low infrastructure, harassment and corruption
Collaborative Methods In Supply Chain: A Case Of Study In a General Irish Hospital.
No full textOver the last decades’ companies in various segments have begun to realize that having more efficient processes within their own organization was no longer enough to ensure a competitive advantage over their competitors, and it was necessary to develop a systemic view of the entire chain that is inserted including its supply chain. Faced with these movements, the health sector realized that to increase its competitiveness, it was necessary to pay attention to supply chain management. Some studies indicate that efficient hospital supply chain management generates positive results such as cost reduction. For this reason, hospitals are increasingly adhering to supply chain management practices and methods. Given the above, the objective of this research was to present the five main methods of collaboration in supply chain management. More specifically, the study sought to look at the supply chain management of a small Irish general hospital and the challenges for implementing collaborative supply chain management practices in this hospital. The study results indicate that the hospital studied is not investing in supply chain collaborative methods and that many process improvement opportunities can be adopted, especially in its IT area that is paramount to the adoption of collaborative practices in the supply chain. The research also indicates that one of the key challenges for implementing collaborative supply chain management methods is a high investment
Impacts of Village Savings and Loan Associations in Economic Development and People's Livelihoods in Malawi.
No full textThe majority of poor people in Malawi lives in the rural areas which has less access to financial services. Village savings and Loan group has become popular in most developing countries, this aims at improving local financial intermediation. In this study, we will investigate the impact of Village Savings and Loan groups in Malawi over the years it was adopted. In the study, we found out that people’s livelihoods and economic development has been impacted with the adoption of Village Savings and Loan Groups. People’s livelihoods include also the number of meals consumed per day as it was measured by USAID poverty assessment tool. The investigation tried to survey the effects of Village Savings and credit Associations have on individuals' vocations in Malawi. An example of 5 VSLAs were chosen from a populace of 10 in the region. From these VSLAs, 60 members were chosen as key witnesses for the examination. The respondents were deliberately chosen due to their devotion in the VSLAs for all the years. Surveys, Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were utilized as information assortment apparatuses. Writing survey and systems by DFID, Oxfam and CARE were likewise used to see how vocations methodologies are actualized and their belongings. All the systems that will be talked about in the investigation give off an impression of being pointing towards a similar course which is destitution easing. The examination shows that VSLAs they decidedly impact livelihoods through business enterprise. All parts were talked about in the examination which begins by the weakness idea, employment structures and Livelihood results which remove individuals from destitution. During the investigation, we likewise discovered that there is improved food security due to VSLAs which assists with lessening weakness levels of destitution. A sum of the apparent multitude of discoveries implies that there is a positive effect VSLAs are making on occupations of Malawian Citizens. This implies Organizations should begin presenting VSLAs as an instrument for battling neediness. The examination suggests that schools ought to empower the presentation module of enterprise and VSLAs ought to likewise be prepared in business to build information. Associations and government should prepare the gatherings on how the VSLAs works and VSLAs ought to be presented and reinforced in different parts to permit presentation to certain residents that have no clue about the plan
A Study on Consumer Awareness and Attitude Towards Food Products with Sustainable Supply Chain.
No full textThe increased awareness about sustainable practices has resulted in the need for adopting environment-friendly practices by organisations. The eco-friendly practices of the organisation are influenced by internal and external factors. The internal factors are management and employees whereas external factors are shareholders, customers, social media, investors, government authorities, suppliers and rivals. Supply chain management is the most important aspect of Food Company. The study discusses the contribution of the food production sector of Ireland towards sustainable supply chain management. Besides this, the study also discusses how consumer buying behaviour is influenced by sustainable practices. In addition to this, the study analyses the influences of consumers on Sustainable supply chain management (SSCM). At last, the study provides suggestions based on the analysis to make improvement in Supply chain management and persuade the behaviour of the customers. To determine the attitude of the customers towards the food products with sustainable supply chain management in Ireland, the research was based on interpretivism research philosophy due to its complex nature. The study is based on qualitative approach so it has considered convenience sampling under Non-probability sampling. The responses are recorded with the help of an online questionnaire from the consumers of the retail food industry in Ireland. The study considered a close-ended questionnaire. The data analysis was done using inferential statistics approach and keynotes were recognised based on literature. Based on the study it was evident that customers are aware of the sustainable practices underlying the supply chain of food products. From the study, it was able to conclude that consumers have a positive attitude towards products with a sustainable supply chain and are also ready to pay
Social Media Marketing Adoption in Italian SMEs: Barriers in the Adoption of Social Media by Italian Wine SMEs
No full textThe advent of new digital tools of communication is changing the way of doing marketing in almost every business. Social media are the main characters of this marketing evolution. The importance of Social Media Marketing is growing in the strategies and projects of many companies, including the smallest ones. However, not all small and medium-sized enterprises can find ways to approach and introduce these new instruments. In this study it was shown which are the reasons behind the barriers between Social Media Marketing (SMM) and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and how they influence this relationship. The study had as main objective to go deeper investigate in the problems between the two worlds, to understand why many SMEs are facing problems to the adoption of the SMM. In order to achieve the objectives, the researcher opted a qualitative study, dictated by the need to understand the social aspects involved. In fact, in support of this study, seven semi-structured interviews were carried out with a small sample of small and medium-sized wine enterprises in the Marche region. This sample is divided into two groups, respectively Social Media user and nonuser, in order to obtain different points of view to be compared. Finally, the data obtained by the interviews were analysed within the literature and interesting findings were discovered. The results show that there are several reasons behind those barriers. These reasons are related to the entrepreneurial mindset of Italian SMEs, the limited resources they have at their disposal and the awareness of these marketing tools (Social Media). However, one reason that links all these issues has been identified: the disinformation. This disinformation, about the use and effectiveness of social media as a marketing tool, leads the entrepreneurs to have a distorted perception of the tools. Therefore, it is believed that the identification of this issue can bring a contribution to the study of this relationship and interesting ideas for further researches. In addition, the analysis and understanding of this disinformation problem could be a great help for SMEs, in order to improve their knowledge and awareness on the SMM world, but also for marketers, to improve their communication and approach to SMEs
A Study of the Impact of Employability Criteria on the Employment Level of Minority Ethnic Groups in Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Dublin.
No full textStudies carried out by previous authors suggested a perceived labour market inequality towards minority ethnic groups (persons from outside the EU) within the Irish labour market which was deemed to be caused by different forms of taste-based discrimination and prejudicial views against minority ethnic individuals. My research was aimed primarily at identifying the particular employment criteria that have impacted the employment level of minority ethnic groups and test if the same situation argued by previous researchers still exist today. The review of the available literature built the base from which the conceptual framework was built which served as a guide in carrying out my primary research. The study was based built around specific concepts like how cultural differences influence recruitment, the effectiveness of employment equality policies and factors that influence decision making in the recruitment process. The data was collected through semi-structured telephone interviews with recruiters and HR officers on what goes on during the recruitment process and how various employability criteria impacted their decision making. The findings showed that the major employability criteria that has impacted the employment level of minority ethnic nationals are societal culture in terms of communication, legal right to work in terms of legal right to work in many SME’s and the rating of educational qualifications based on countries where they were obtained. The findings also contrasted with the views of previous researchers in that the cause of perceived labour market inequality is not due to prejudice but rather difficulties in cultural assimilation and factors outside the scope of employment equality policies available in Dublin based SME’s. I have therefore recommended additional primary research be done from the job seekers point of view and a need divide minority ethnic groups into smaller distinctive groups based on culture and nationality as they each have different characteristics
Game Changer A TV documentary about the cultural industry of E-Sports
No full text"Game Changer" is a documentary discussing E-Sport and its stand in today’s cultural industry. The aim of this documentary is to offer a vision of E-Sports that is renewed, far from the common depiction the genre receives in the media. It proposes a discussion on the current state of E-Sports in the world of entertainment, discusses the coverage it receives in the media, and finally tries to answer if E- Sports are in fact sports or not. Game Changer is an 18 minutes’ documentary, interviewing three professionals within the E-Sports industry; Alex Blaike, PR and Social Manager for ESL Australia, Gael Parpex Director of the Associations “Générations E-Sport”, “Competition E- Sport” and co-founder of “Ma Team E-Sport” and finally Justin McNolley “MiracU” Pro-player for “Team Solo Mid” (TSM). They bring their experience and knowledge of the field, for us to make sense of what the culture is about, and give an insightful view on the genre, with the help of visuals and voice over. It analyses the treatment Gaming and E-Sports receives in the media, pointing it out its unfairness, proposing that there might have been a recent shift, due to the growing popularity of the genre. It also draws the similarities between Sport and E- Sports, proposing that the development, growth, and institutionalization of both disciplines into spectator sports, a primary form of entertainment, promotes E-Sports as an important media actor of today’s society