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Enhancing Financial Inclusion Among Women in India: Key Barriers and Strategies
Get PDFThe purpose of presenting the literature review chapter is to present credible data insights that exist and support the way towards conducting the study further. Reviewed literature information highlights how people have a greater capacity to make smart choices about their money, which lessens their risk of being scammed and protects their financial health. To effectively lower this risk, it is important to challenge societal expectations and improve collective financial choices. A wealth of research shows that increased self-assurance aids in boosting women's negotiation abilities, enabling them to grasp their surroundings and financial services more effectively. Securing lasting changes in behaviour and improved handling of finances necessitates ongoing financial support and consistent encouragement.
The purpose of the result chapter is to illustrate the information obtained using the mixed method technique. This phase assessed the main and secondary data, both of which are essential for additional data analysis to determine the research’s final conclusion. The analysis focuses on women's financial inclusion in India, through an evaluation by statistical and thematic analysis. It looks at the barriers and benefits of accessing finances using demographic variables and correlation as well as regression analysis. This research underscores the strong interrelationship between global benchmarks and the logistics of change, providing numerous issues and healthy prospects. The thematic analysis identifies the cultural, economic and logistical determinants behind the affordability and access to the finance industry, which is very relevant considering the current strategies and their implementations. Finally, this research is focused on the problem of increasing financial inclusion for women in India with particular emphasis placed on the need for having multiple strategies to deal with the ingrained barriers to women’s access to financial services. The chapter explains the importance of financial education, policy advocacy, and cultural sensitivity in promoting women’s economic empowerment. It proposes the use of unique tools such as mobile banking and digital finance to address the problems that women encounter, more so in rural areas. The chapter also outlines the constraints of the study and proposes areas of aspiring research, especially broader sampling and cross-country comparisons
Investigation of the Reasons for and Impacts of Rising Household Consumer Debt Owed To Municipalities In South Africa
Get PDFThe rising household consumer debt owed to municipalities in South Africa poses a serious threat to the financial stability and service delivery capabilities of local governments. This study delves into the complex issue of municipal consumer debt, focusing on the roles of national and local governments, the necessity of effective collaboration and coordination, and the importance of public trust, accountability, transparency, and balanced budgeting within the framework of fiscal federalism and responsible citizenry.
National government in South Africa is tasked with setting policy and providing financial support, while local governments are responsible for implementing and managing services. The effectiveness of these roles is often hindered by fiscal imbalances, mismanagement, and increasing unpaid consumer debt, all of which jeopardise municipal financial stability.
To address these issues, the study highlights the importance of robust collaboration and coordination between national and local governments. Effective communication and policy alignment are crucial for municipalities to maintain balanced budgets—a practice that ensures financial sustainability by managing revenues and expenditures to prevent deficits. Without balanced budgeting, municipalities will continue to face mounting debt, which undermines their ability to provide essential services.
Rising consumer debt has eroded public trust and confidence in local governments, creating a vicious cycle where poor service delivery discourages citizens from paying for municipal services. Rebuilding this trust requires transparency and accountability in local governance. Municipalities must manage public funds responsibly, align budgets with community needs, and hold officials accountable for financial mismanagement.
The study also explores the theme of fiscal federalism, emphasising the need for a balanced and cooperative relationship between national and local governments in managing public finances. Additionally, it underscores that an informed and engaged citizenry is essential for mitigating the impact of rising consumer debt.
In conclusion, addressing the growing household consumer debt in South Africa necessitates a comprehensive strategy. This includes enhancing financial management practices at the local level, focusing on balanced budgeting, improving transparency and accountability, and fostering better socio-economic conditions to enable citizens to meet their financial obligations. Strengthening intergovernmental collaboration and promoting fiscal responsibility will better equip municipalities to overcome these challenges and ensure the continued delivery of essential services to their communities
An Assessment of The Recognition and Enforcement of Arbitral Awards in International Commercial Arbitration and The Role of International Conventions
No full textThis study shows how international commercial arbitration is a great, but not perfect. From researching this area it is evident that there are legal uncertainties in the recognition and enforcement of international commercial arbitral awards. International commercial arbitration comes from ADR (Alternative Dispute Resolution), which has become increasingly popular.
For those who go through arbitration are seeking to keep their disputes out of the court's. Those may think that after going through international commercial arbitration that the process is finished with an award, this is not the case for some. The purpose of this research is to show that the system for the recognition and enforcement of international commercial arbitral awards
needs to be changed. To explore the underlining factors that cause the confusion within the recognition and enforcement of awards, by examining the language used in the laws of awards and recognition and enforcement of awards. Through this issues found in the context of the laws proved it is difficult to recognise and enforce awards not because of the facts of the cases but because of the unpredictability of the laws. Also to assess the effects of the international conventions on the recognition and enforcement of international awards. This was achieved by explaining the conventions and why they were set up to further the courts compliance. It was discovered that while the development of the conventions was beneficial they did not provide clarity within their laws. This study also proposes reform to fill in any discrepancies or uncertainties in these laws to better the international commercial arbitration system. This is by selecting laws that are not appropriately worded and proving how these are issues. This study uses various legal methodology including the doctrinal, comparative, historical and sociological approach to help better the research of this paper and to draw appropriate conclusions
Evaluating the impact of electronic prescription services on workflow efficiencies in community pharmacies of Dublin, Ireland.
No full textThe integration of Electronic Prescription Services (EPS) represents a significant advancement in the healthcare sector, designed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of prescription management. By enabling the electronic transmission of prescriptions from healthcare providers to pharmacies, EPS aims to reduce the errors associated with traditional paper-based prescriptions and streamline pharmacy operations. Despite its potential benefits, the implementation of EPS presents various challenges, including technical integration and the need for comprehensive staff training.
This research investigates the impact of Electronic Prescription Services (EPS) on community pharmacies in Dublin, Ireland, examining areas such as prescription
accuracy, workflow efficiency, pharmacist satisfaction, and implementation challenges. EPS, an advancement in healthcare, facilitates the electronic transmission
of prescriptions from healthcare providers to pharmacies, aiming to enhance patient safety, streamline operations, and reduce errors compared to traditional paper
prescriptions. Despite EPS’s potential benefits, including improved prescription accuracy and operational efficiency, community pharmacies face challenges such as
technical integration issues and the need for effective staff training. This study employs a quantitative methodology, using surveys distributed to pharmacists and
pharmacy staff, to evaluate these impacts comprehensively.
Adopting a pragmatic research philosophy and an inductive approach, the study collects and analyzes primary data to understand the operational changes brought about by EPS. Data analysis, performed using JASP software, involved descriptive and inferential statistical techniques, including Chi-square and Kendall’s Tau tests, to assess relationships between EPS implementation and various performance metrics.
The findings reveal significant associations: improved communication with prescribers correlates moderately with reduced prescription errors, and overall pharmacist satisfaction is strongly associated with the ease of EPS use and improvements in medication inventory management. Workflow efficiency showed notable improvements in prescription processing time, daily volume, patient waiting
time, and counselling ability, though increased processing time was linked to reduced efficiency. Confidence in EPS is high, particularly regarding its role in identifying potential medication interactions.
The study concludes that EPS positively impacts several facets of pharmacy operations, enhancing prescription accuracy, workflow efficiency, and pharmacist
satisfaction, while increasing confidence in the system. Nonetheless, further attention is needed to address training and technical challenges associated with EPS
implementation
The Impact of AI (Machine Learning and Automation) on Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry
No full textThis research investigates the transformative effects of artificial intelligence (AI),
machine learning (ML), and automation on the biopharmaceutical manufacturing
industry. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of how these advanced
technologies are revolutionizing manufacturing processes. Through an extensive
literature review and detailed survey analysis, the research examines how these
technologies address challenges such as data quality and complex biological systems,
emphasizing their role in overcoming regulatory hurdles and improving manufacturing efficiency. The study explores key trends and drivers behind the escalating adoption of AI, including the need for process optimization, advancements in drug discovery, and enhanced quality control.
Furthermore, the research assesses the impact of AI on traditional biopharmaceutical manufacturing models. It illustrates how AI disrupts conventional processes by enabling real-time issue identification, enhancing quality control, and boosting productivity. The introduction of new methodologies such as personalized medication production, AI-powered robotics, and AI-assisted drug discovery showcases the
transformative potential of these technologies.
In conclusion, the study reveals that AI adoption in the biopharmaceutical industry is rapidly advancing, driven by its transformative potential in enhancing efficiency, innovation, and competitiveness. Addressing challenges and ensuring responsible adoption will be pivotal in realizing the full benefits of AI-enabled technologies in biopharmaceutical manufacturing. The research provides valuable insights for industry stakeholders, guiding strategic decision-making and fostering a more informed approach to integrating AI technologies, ultimately contributing to the growth and advancement of the biopharmaceutical sector
Unleashing patient empowerment in Indian healthcare through mobile applications: A critical analysis of user engagement and health outcome
No full textObjective: The research objectives include evaluating the adoption and effectiveness of mHealth apps, analysing user engagement metrics, exploring their impact on patient access to health information, measuring the correlation between user engagement and health outcomes, and identifying unique challenges and opportunities in India's mHealth implementation. Methodology: The data was collected through surveys which collected information about the opinions and expectations of healthcare professionals, patients, and other end users of mobile health apps in India, which was distributed through LinkedIn and other professional social networks. A structured questionnaire was prepared by means of Google Forms which included both open-ended and closed-ended questions. The responses from primary research were compared with the secondary sources. Result: The study revealed key insights into mobile healthcare app usage in India. Health metrics tracking was universally important, especially among 26-35-year-olds. Personalized health info mattered to 18-25 and 46-55-year-olds, while health education was crucial for 26- 35 and 56+ age groups. Remote consultations were valued by 26-35 and 36-45-year-olds, with peak usage in the 26-35 group. Challenges like technical issues and data privacy affected all ages, with integration problems for 26-35 and 36-45-year-olds, and comprehension issues for 18-25 and 46-55-year-olds. Occupation influenced usage patterns, with employed nonhealthcare pros using apps the most, followed by healthcare pros and students. Customizable features, enhanced privacy, and local service integration were key across all occupations. Recommendations included collaboration with healthcare professionals and government support. Addressing demographic-specific barriers is crucial for improving engagement and health outcomes nationwide. Conclusion: Despite the widespread recognition of the benefits of mobile healthcare applications in India, significant barriers remain that hinder their full potential. While health metrics tracking and personalized health information are valued across various age and occupational groups, issues such as technical difficulties, internet connectivity, and data privacy concerns continue to pose challenges. Addressing these issues, along with improving the integration of mHealth apps into existing healthcare systems and enhancing user comprehension, is essential. Tailored strategies that consider age, gender, and occupation specific needs can bridge the gap between current usage and optimal functionality. Collaborative efforts between app developers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers, supported by government initiatives and emerging technologies, are crucial for enhancing the adoption and effectiveness of mHealth applications, ultimately leading to better health outcomes in India. Further research is needed to evaluate and refine these strategies, ensuring they meet the diverse needs of the Indian population
A Case Study of Nigeria on the Impact of Media Framing in Newspapers on the Electoral Success of Female Political Candidates.
No full textThis dissertation investigates how media framing in Nigerian newspapers affects female political candidates' chances of winning elections. This research uses the media framing theory as a theoretical framework to investigate how different frames affect public opinion and the outcomes of elections for women in politics. This research is conducted in Nigeria, a nation with a complex sociopolitical environment and deeply embedded gender norms.
The primary methodology of the study is content analysis, which involves methodically going through newspaper stories to find standard frames that are utilised when covering female political candidates. A popular method in media studies, content analysis, enables the quantitative evaluation of media material and exposes biases, patterns, and trends in the way female candidates are portrayed (Krippendorff, 2018).
According to Robert Entman's (1993) expansion of Erving Goffman's (1983) framing theory, audience interpretation and comprehension are significantly impacted by the way media content is organised. In this situation, frames might draw attention to the qualities of female candidates while minimising others, which can affect how the public views them. The study focuses on a number of framing techniques, such as exemplars, catchphrases, metaphors, and portrayals, in order to identify the prevailing narratives in Nigerian publications.
The analysis is based on theoretical understandings from intersectional feminism and colonial/post-colonial studies. In order to comprehend the ongoing influence of colonial legacies on current gender dynamics in Nigeria, it is helpful to read Frantz Fanon's Black Skin, White Masks (1952). Because of the influence of colonial history on media representations and societal standards, women are frequently marginalised in public spaces. The Invention of Women: Making an African Sense of Western Gender Discourses, written by Oyèrónkẹ́ Oyēwùmí in 1997, not only critiques the imposition of Western gender categories on African cultures but also offers a crucial perspective on how these consequences are still reflected in media portrayals.
Furthermore, the media framing of female candidates is examined in light of overlapping identities, including gender, ethnicity, and class, via the lens of Kimberlé Crenshaw's theory of intersectionality, as presented in On Intersectionality: Essential Writings (2017). Understanding the multifaceted biases that female candidates experience in the media requires an intersectional perspective (Crenshaw, 2017). This approach is informed by Emma Ming Wahl's examination of Black women in Fanon's Black Skin, White Masks (2021), which emphasises the unique difficulties associated with racialised gender stereotypes.
The results of this dissertation show that gender biases are frequently reinforced by media framing in Nigerian newspapers, which has a detrimental effect on female political candidates' chances of winning elections. Many frames highlight traditional gender roles or cast doubt on women's abilities and suitability for leadership roles. These frames hurt female candidates' chances of winning elections by contributing to a negative public opinion of them. By offering insights on how media practices may be changed to support female equality in political representation, this study adds to the larger conversation on gender and media in Africa. The study promotes policy measures and media changes that aid in the electoral success of female political candidates in Nigeria by emphasising the need for more equal and balanced media depictions
How did the gentrification change the English Premier League?
No full textEnglish football has changed a lot since the creation of the Premier League, and this is linked to a far-reaching gentrification process. This dissertation examines how this process has influenced the English Premier League (EPL), particularly in relation to changes in the social background of fans.
The dissertation analyses various possible factors of gentrification, such as the development of ticket prices and spectator numbers, as well as media coverage and fan perception. The aim is to determine which factors have the greatest impact on gentrification and how they have changed football in the long term. To do this, the method of qualitative content analysis according to the German educationalist Udo Kuckartz was applied.
The results show that the various factors of gentrification have led to a noticeable change in the social background of the spectators. In this context, reporting plays just as important a role as the analysis of indicators such as increased ticket prices or average attendance figures since the founding of the Premier League. This in turn provides information about possible future developments in the Premier League and raises important questions about the sustainability of modern football
An Exploration of Sustainability Reporting Requirements under International Financial Reporting Sustainability Standards S1 and S2, and the Impacts and Challenges for External Auditors
Get PDFThis research investigates the complexities external auditors encounter when providing
assurance on sustainability reports under IFRS S1 and IFRS S2. As the global sustainability
agenda intensifies, driven by increasing awareness of the risks associated with
unsustainable business practices, companies face growing pressure to enhance the
transparency and accountability of their actions. In response, new reporting obligations,
including IFRS S1 and S2 standards, have been introduced to standardise sustainability
disclosures and hold businesses accountable for their environmental and social impacts.
The study explores the challenges associated with sustainability reporting and assurance,
by examining the requirements of IFRS S1 and S2, alongside the practical difficulties
associated with auditing sustainability disclosures. While sustainability reporting has been
extensively studied from various perspectives, the specific audit challenges that arise with
the introduction of these standards have been relatively little explored. This subject is still
emerging but is anticipated to grow in importance as IFRS S1 and S2 become mandatory.
To investigate these challenges, this study adopts an exploratory qualitative approach,
employing an inductive method. The research is grounded in a comprehensive literature
review and empirical data collected through semi-structured interviews with audit
practitioners in the field. The findings reveal critical issues relating to gaps in auditor skills
and knowledge, a gap between sustainability report users' expectations and audit purpose,
and challenges posed by the standards’ requirements and client practices that adversely
affect audit performance. The study positively indicates the credibility that assurance
reports on the sustainability disclosures can provide, while additionally identifying
potential ethical and independence threats inherent in the assurance process. To address
these issues, the study proposes recommendations such as investing in auditor training,
increasing reliance on the use of sustainability experts, developing audit firm capabilities,
and leveraging technology to enhance audit effectiveness. This research contributes to the
field of sustainability reporting and auditing, by providing empirical evidence on IFRS S1 and
IFRS S2 and the challenges when auditing compliance with these standards, helping to fill
a critical gap in the literature and enrich the understanding of the challenges auditors face
EU Regulatory Frameworks for ESG Integration: Assessing Legal Mechanisms and Their Influence on Corporate Governance
No full textThis research tries to do a deep comprehension of legal structures and their impact on corporate governance, with a specific focus on the European Union's incorporation of ESG standards into corporate activities. With the growing importance of ESG concerns, the EU has implemented various directives and recommendations to encourage sustainability and ethical behavior within businesses. This study offers a thorough assessment of these EU regulations, examining how they affect corporate governance frameworks and internal procedures. The study explores various EU rules related to ESG matters, such as the NFRD, the CSRD, SFDR and the EU Taxonomy Regulation assesses their effects on corporate governance frameworks. It investigates the challenges companies face in implementing these regulations and examines the effectiveness of the EU's regulatory strategies in fostering sustainable practices. The importance of EU regulations in molding corporate strategies and promoting sustainability is underscored by the research. By examining how these legal structures impact corporate conduct, the study brings attention to the influence of regulation in encouraging ethical and sustainable business approaches. The results highlight the crucial function of EU rules in harmonizing corporate activities with broader sustainability objectives and improving the overall influence of corporate governance on environmental and social matters. Finally, this dissertation tends to add knowledge of the impact of regulatory frameworks on corporate governance and sustainability in the European Union. It offers valuable perspectives on the challenges of incorporating ESG standards into business activities and presents a critical analysis of the EU's efforts to encourage sustainable and ethical corporate behavior