Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca- Università degli Studi di Foggia
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Cutaneous Infections Caused by Trichophyton indotineae: Case Series and Systematic Review.
No full textBackground/Objectives: Dermatophytosis due to Trichophyton (T.) indotineae has spread worldwide, and the acquisition of new drug resistances is making this threat challenging to face. We report four cases of dermatophytosis caused by T. indotineae and perform a systematic review of case reports to explore the most relevant clinical and demographic features and the treatment patterns of this infection. Methods: A literature search, using the PubMed database and following PRISMA guidelines, was performed up to the 6th of December 2024. Articles were included if written in English and presented in the form of case reports/series involving human subjects, with detailed information and T. indotineae infection confirmed by internal transcribed spacer sequencing. Results: Initially, 255 records were identified, and 30 articles were finally selected, including 64 patients, mainly from the Asian continent. Most patients were healthy and/or immunocompetent (65.52%), and the mean disease duration suggested long-lasting lesions. At least two different body sites were generally involved, with a predilection for lower body areas (groins included), as also observed in our patients (all from South Asia). Review results indicated itraconazole as the most commonly prescribed final medication. Treatment with itraconazole led to complete remission in three of our patients (one patient was lost to follow-up). Conclusions: T. indotineae infection should be suspected in case of extensive and/or recalcitrant dermatophytosis, especially in patients with a travel history to Asian countries. Further research is needed to develop rapid, inexpensive, and accurate techniques for the identification of T. indotineae and drug-resistant strains and to define the optimal preventive and treatment strategies
Development of a multiresidue quantitative screening method based on pulsed amperometric detection at a glassy carbon electrode for sulfonamides monitoring in foodstuffs of animal origin
No full textA new effective quantitative screening method was developed to detect sulfonamides (SAs) in foodstuffs of animal origin. The method was based on pulsed amperometric detection (PAD) at a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) coupled with a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic separation (RP-HPLC). First, SAs electrochemical behaviour at GCE was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments. In the light of the CV results, a new three-step waveform for pulsed amperometric detection of SAs was designed and optimized by performing flow injection analysis (FIA) of SAs standard solutions. The optimized PAD waveform ensured an excellent response stability and sensitivity with respect to the direct current detection at constant potential. PAD was then applied to detect SAs after RP-HPLC in gradient mode by using a typical organic mobile phase containing acetate buffer, acetonitrile and methanol. The developed method showed, for all the SAs investigated, very low limits of detection and quantification, in the range 2.1–2.7 μg L−1 and 6.9–9.0 μg L−1, respectively, and a wide linear range (up to 0.5 mg L−1). Method selectivity was tested by comparing the chromatograms of SAs mix standard solutions, blank purified milk samples (without SAs) and spiked purified milk samples. Excellent values of precision under repeatability (1.0–5.0 %, n = 6) and within-laboratory reproducibility (11.2–18.6 %, n = 18) conditions, and recoveries (94–105 %) were obtained
Impacts of microplastics on reef-building corals: Disentangling the contribution of the chain scission products released by weathering
No full textMicroplastics (MPs) have recently been shown to impact the health of corals negatively. The primary effects are linked to the physical interaction of the particles with coral tissues, such as abrasion that causes wounds. Additionally, MPs can leach contaminants into the seawater, not only the formulation additives but also molecular fragments resulting from the photo-oxidative degradation of the plastic polymer. These contaminants may have further detrimental effects. Currently, the relative contributions of these factors and their potential synergistic actions are not well understood. To address this, we conducted tests on nubbins of the soft coral Pinnigorgia flava and we evaluated the toxicity of reference additive-free MPs (LDPE and PP, sized 125–250 μm) before and after photo-aging, of MPs collected from beaches, and of the corresponding leachates. By FTIR and SEM analysis, we highlighted similarities between photo-aged reference MPs and the beached MPs, both in terms of surface oxidation and structural defects. GC–MS and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) analysis indicated the release of a variety of molecular species from the photo-aged MPs not detected in the pristine counterpart (accounting for 0.6–2.1 % of the original mass), including short-chain poly-oxidized compounds. The exposure of nubbins to the reference MPs highlighted a significant mucus production with PP and LDPE at 1 mg/L. Leachates from the photo-aged PP induced significant polyp retraction at 10 mg/L, while the leachates from photo-aged LDPE induced significant polyp retraction in P.flava at the concentration of 1 mg/L. No significant stress responses were highlighted with the photo-aged MPs and the leachates from pristine MPs. Beached MPs induced significant responses with the lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) at 0.1 mg/L. This effect was related to the occurrence of plastic additives not detected in the reference MPs. Overall, the results highlighted the importance of considering the contribution of the photo-degradation products released by MPs in ecotoxicological assessments
L'errore sulla scena del crimine
No full textIl contributo tratta l'importante tema dell'errore tecnico sulla scena del crimine e i suoi possibili riflessi sul procedimento penale, con particolare riguardo alle sue possibili cause nonché agli strumenti di prevenzione
Mind the gap: unveiling the advantages and challenges of artificial intelligence in the healthcare ecosystem
No full textPurpose: This work provides an overview of academic articles on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare. It delves into the innovation process, encompassing a two-stage trajectory of exploration and development followed by dissemination and adoption. To illuminate the transition from the first to the second stage, we use prospect theory (PT) to offer insights into the effects of risk and uncertainty on individual decision-making, which potentially lead to partially irrational choices. The primary objective is to discern whether clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) can serve as effective means of “cognitive debiasing”, thus countering the perceived risks. Design/methodology/approach: This study presents a comprehensive systematic literature review (SLR) of the adoption of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) in healthcare. We selected English articles dated 2013–2023 from Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed, found using keywords such as “Artificial Intelligence,” “Healthcare” and “CDSS.” A bibliometric analysis was conducted to evaluate literature productivity and its impact on this topic. Findings: Of 322 articles, 113 met the eligibility criteria. These pointed to a widespread reluctance among physicians to adopt AI systems, primarily due to trust-related issues. Although our systematic literature review underscores the positive effects of AI in healthcare, it barely addresses the associated risks. Research limitations/implications: This study has certain limitations, including potential concerns regarding generalizability, biases in the literature review and reliance on theoretical frameworks that lack empirical evidence. Originality/value: The uniqueness of this study lies in its examination of healthcare professionals’ perceptions of the risks associated with implementing AI systems. Moreover, it addresses liability issues involving a range of stakeholders, including algorithm developers, Internet of Things (IoT) manufacturers, communication systems and cybersecurity providers
A proposito del diritto secondario di sepolcro
No full textOn the Secondary Right of Sepulchre · The starting point of this paper is a recent ruling by the Italian Supreme Court (no. 370/2023), concerning the so-called secondary right of sepulchre. The paper highlights the constitutional foundations of this right, noting that its violation may result in compensation for non-pecuniary damage suffered by the holder, even in the absence of specific provisions as required by Article 2059 of the Italian Civil Code
Assessment of licit and Illicit drugs consumption during new year holidays in Australia
No full textKey Objectives
• To estimate the consumption of licit and illicit drugs in Australia during new year period using wastewater-based epidemiology.
• Comparison of drug consumption in different states, capital and regional areas in Australia
