Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca- Università degli Studi di Foggia
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Postcardiotomy extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after elective, urgent, and emergency cardiac operations: Insights from the PELS observational study
No full textBackground: Outcomes in cardiac surgery are influenced by surgical priority, with higher mortality in emergency cases. Whether this applies to postcardiotomy venoarterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains unknown. This study describes characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing cardiac operations and requiring VA ECMO, stratified by emergency, urgent, or elective operation. Methods: This retrospective multicenter observational study included adults requiring postcardiotomy VA ECMO between 2000 and 2020. Preoperative and procedural characteristics, complications, and survival were compared among the 3 patient groups. The association between emergency surgery and in-hospital survival was investigated through mixed Cox proportional hazard models. Results: The study cohort comprised 1063 patients (52.2%) with elective operations, 445 (21.8%) with urgent operations, and 528 (26%) with emergency operations. Emergency operations included more coronary artery bypass grafting operations (n = 286; 54.2%; P < .001) and aortic procedures (n = 126; 23.9%; P = .001) in patients with more unstable preoperative hemodynamic conditions compared to elective and urgent patients. VA ECMO was initiated more frequently intraoperatively in emergency patients (n = 353; 66.9%; P < .001). Postoperative bleeding (n = 338; 64.3%; P < .001), stroke (n = 79; 15%; P < .001), and right ventricular failure (n = 124; 25.3%) were more frequent after emergency operations. In-hospital mortality was 60.5% in the elective group, 57.8% in the urgent group, 63.4% in the emergency group (P = .191). The crude hazard ratio for in-hospital mortality in emergency surgery was 1.15 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.32; P = .039) and dropped to 1.09 (95% CI, 0.93-1.27; P = .295) after adjustment for indicators of preoperative instability. 5-year survival was comparable in 30-day survivors (P = .083). Conclusions: One-quarter of postcardiotomy VA ECMOs are implemented after emergency operations. Despite more complications in emergency cases, in-hospital and 5-year survival are comparable between emergency, urgent, or elective operations
A retail market survey on fish fraud from Southern Italy using DNA barcoding
No full text: Consumption of seafood, which includes both wild and aquaculture products, has increased several-fold during the last 50 years. Species substitution, in which low-value fish are replaced with high-value fish, is one of the prominent phenomena happening in the international seafood trade and the leading cause of fraud in the fishery sector, leading to both economic and health concerns. In this study, DNA barcoding was employed to identify 78 fishery product samples collected from markets and supermarkets located in the Apulia region (Southern Italy) at the genus or species level. Non-compliance between the species detected and the species declared in the label was detected in 5 (6.41%) samples. This study highlights the need for further investigations regarding the traceability and assessment of food product authentication. Indeed, accurate taxonomic assignment and a robust traceability system are essential tools for tackling food adulteration problems, providing transparency, and protecting food safety
La costruzione del negozio giuridico nella romano-civilistica tedesca e italiana fra Otto e Novecento. Soluzioni antiche e categorie moderne
No full textCon il presente lavoro si intende analizzare il concetto del negozio giuridico da una prospettivamente
esclusivamente storica. Pertanto, è oggetto di analisi la sua declinazione ottocentesca e primo
novecentesca, grossomodo dall’elaborazione di Savigny nel System fino ai contribuiti dei giuristi
tedeschi e italiani di inizio secolo successivo.
Nei primi due paragrafi del capitolo introduttivo si descrive il contesto scientifico e normativo
tedesco e italiano nel quale si rielabora la categoria negoziale. Successivamente, sempre nel primo
capitolo, ci si sofferma sulla problematica assenza di una precisa teoria negoziale nelle fonti romane
e in particolare si rintracciano i diversi significati del termine negotium nei testi antichi. Segue, infine,
un riscontro sulla posizione del negozio giuridico all’interno delle principali sistematiche del tempo,
specie in rapporto alle categorie del fatto e dell’atto giuridico.
Nel secondo capitolo ci si concentra sulla questione del rapporto fra la volontà e la dichiarazione nel
negozio giuridico. Anche in questo caso si parte dalla posizione volontarista di Savigny per arrivare
alle diverse e in certi casi antitetiche riflessioni degli altri protagonisti del dibattito. Le differenti
posizioni sono ricostruite non solo nella loro dimensione propriamente teorica, ma anche tramite un
confronto con i diversi frammenti romani richiamati dagli stessi interpreti moderni per corroborare i
loro assunti.
Nel terzo e ultimo capitolo si affronta la questione della relazione fra volontà ed effetti, sempre
all’interno dello schema negoziale. Anche in questo caso, le teorie moderne sono ricostruite non solo
nei loro lineamenti essenziali, ma sono poi raffrontate con alcuni testi giurisprudenziali romani
adoperati dagli interpreti moderni.
Si delinea, come si avrà modo di vedere, un percorso sicuramente tortuoso, accidentato e per nulla
lineare, nel quale emergono non tanto i punti di continuità, ma, al contrario, i profili di discontinuità
fra l’elaborazione giurisprudenziale romana e la moderna dogmatica giuridica, specie negoziale
Recent Advances in Microbial Fermentation in Foods and Beverages
No full textThe interest in food microbial fermentation has progressively increased in recent decades. This Special Issue collected original research and review articles dealing with the use of microbial cultures aimed at improving the organoleptic and nutritional properties of both traditional and innovative foods, as well as the use of microbial cultures for health purposes. In detail, three research articles investigated specific aspects of fermentation in the production of traditional foods such as kombucha, Chinese Baijiu and sauerkraut, whereas another study suggested pollen and bee bread as a reservoir of functional yeasts. The effect of a symbiotic beverage on body composition and some biochemical parameters of overweight, obese, or type-2 diabetic women has also been evaluated in the remaining research article. The couple of review articles assessed relevant and timely aspects of microbial fermentation: the first one started from the increasing demand of low-alcohol beverages to analyze current and future biotechnological approaches to reduce alcohol content in wine, whereas the second paper focused on how microbial processes can increase both nutritional and functional value of plant-based fermented foods
Efficacy, safety, and feasibility of the treatment of intrauterine pathologies with the hysteroscopic morcellator: A systematic review
No full textBackground: Hysteroscopy has evolved from a diagnostic to a diagnostic and operative tool, and currently represents the reference standard for both the diagnosis and treatment of intrauterine diseases. In this context, the hysteroscopic morcellator is increasingly gaining popularity because of its simplified approach. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and feasibility of the hysteroscopic morcellator for the treatment of intrauterine pathologies. Search Strategy: Electronic databases were searched for English-language trials describing surgical procedures for uterine pathologies performed with the hysteroscopic morcellator until February 1, 2024. Selection Criteria: Retrospective or prospective original studies reporting the treatment of uterine pathologies with the hysteroscopic morcellator were included. Data Collection and Analysis: Data were collected on study features, characteristics of included populations, surgical procedures, complications, and results/outcomes. Main Results: Thirty-nine papers that met the inclusion criteria were included in this systematic review. A descriptive synthesis of the results was provided according to the pathology that was hysteroscopically removed/corrected: endometrial polyps, uterine leiomyomas, and retained products of conception. Conclusions: The hysteroscopic morcellator offers effective and efficient removal of intrauterine lesions, with minimal risk of complications. Despite some limitations identified, such as potential bleeding and the need for additional surgical steps in certain cases, the overall findings support the utility of this technique in clinical practice
Enhancing active aging through exercise: a comparative study of high-intensity interval training and continuous aerobic training benefits
No full textIntroduction: As global life expectancy increases, the importance of maintaining health and functional independence in older adults becomes paramount. This study investigates the comparative effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Continuous Aerobic Training (CAT) on physical fitness, cognitive function, and overall wellbeing in older populations. Methods: This review analyzed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on older adults (aged 60–85) engaged in High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Continuous Aerobic Training (CAT). Key metrics included cardiovascular fitness, measured via VO2 max tests and 6-minute walk tests; muscle strength, assessed using handgrip dynamometry and sit-to-stand tests; and cognitive performance, evaluated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Trail Making Tests (TMT). Mental health was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and quality of life was measured with the SF-36 Health Survey. A total of 18 RCTs were included. Results: Across the reviewed studies, both HIIT and CAT produced significant health benefits in older adults. HIIT led to a 15%–20% increase in VO2 max, a 12% improvement in muscle strength, and a 10%–15% enhancement in cognitive function, particularly in memory and executive tasks (MoCA scores). HIIT also reduced fall risk by 23%, likely due to its impact on dynamic balance and coordination. CAT, meanwhile, improved aerobic capacity by 10%–15% and was particularly effective in reducing depressive symptoms by 5%–10%, as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). CAT also showed moderate benefits for mental wellbeing and mood regulation. Discussion: While both HIIT and CAT show significant short-term benefits, their long-term effects need more exploration. HIIT has demonstrated sustained improvements in VO2 max and cognitive function for up to 6 months, but its long-term impact on age-related decline is unclear. CAT offers lasting benefits for aerobic capacity and mental health, though more data are needed on its effect on long-term functional independence. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to assess the durability of these benefits and explore combining HIIT and CAT for optimal outcomes. Additionally, using wearable technology to track adherence and progress could provide valuable insights
Religione e sicurezza nelle relazioni annuali del Sistema di informazione per la sicurezza della Repubblica (2007-2023)
No full textI servizi di sicurezza svolgono in ruolo di primo piano nel rapporto
e nel bilanciamento tra tutela dei diritti civili e protezione della sicurezza
nazionale. Le relazioni al Parlamento del Sistema di informazione per la
Sicurezza della Repubblica offrono agli studiosi del diritto pubblico materiale di riflessione per verificare come i servizi d'intelligence italiani hanno
inteso tale interazione e quale sia stato il framework intellettuale in cui è
stata sviluppata la nozione di sicurezza propria delle loro modalità di azione. Il contributo offre uno studio qualitativo e quantitativo delle relazioni al Parlamento previste dall'articolo 38 della legge 124/2007 da cui emerge una particolare attenzione del servizi d'intelligence per le problematiche relative alla radicalizzaione jihadista e alla presenza musulmana sul territorio italiano. Ne emerge una nozione di sicurezza che ancora non tiene debitamente in conto gli ultimi sviluppi internazionali sul tema che incoraggiano a comprendere la sicurezza in termini di "comprehensive security"e non necessariamente appiattita su una visione prettamente securitaria