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دور مشروعات السكك الحديدية في معالجة مشكلات النقل بالسكة حديد للاقتصاد السوداني :دراسة حالة مشروع خط سكك حديد بورتسودان -داكار
No full textThe study dealt with the continental railway project (Port Sudan - Dakar) and its impact on the Sudanese national economy, as transport by rail is one of the important and vital transport activities within the transport sector, whether for travelers or goods, as it is characterized by the ability to transport long distances and at a relatively proportionate cost compared to other means .
Where the research problem is how to provide the necessary financing for the establishment of the project that affects the Sudanese national economy?
The importance of this research lies in drawing attention to the future interest of this type of transportation inside and outside Sudan, and the role of this project in linking Sudan with neighboring countries.
The research aims to identify the infrastructure of the countries through which the railway line passes. And learning about the political and security problems of the countries that the continental line passes through.
The research assumes that the provision of the political and security environment for the project affects the Sudanese economy.
As well as providing the necessary funding for the project affects the Sudanese economy.
The study followed the historical method to follow the previous studies and the deductive method The study concluded that reliance on external funding, especially the countries of the Islamic Conference, is one of the most important reasons for the success of the continental project (Port Sudan - Dakar), due to the inability of most African countries to depend on themselves due to its high cost.
The study recommended that the Sudanese state should build academic institutions specialized in the field of (agriculture, industry and services) that have the ability to play their role in promoting the national economy at the current stage with highly qualified and trained human cadres. Until its completion, and for investment in it to be the primary means of transport and transportation, whether in Sudan or in the rest of the corridor countries
الرقابة على الإبقاء في الحبس لأغراض التحري: دراسة مقارنــة
No full textThe study dealt with keeping in detention for the purposes of investigation in jurisprudence and law. The importance of the topic stems from the fact that it represents an addition to the legal library and the legal field in its practical aspect. The importance of the practical importance of this research lies in that it deals with an important topic, which is imprisonment for the purpose of investigation and its periods specified in the law. Investigation for up to six months, in order to prevent abuse of the prisoner for the purposes of the investigation, but this limitation must have an appropriate control to be extended to him, which in many cases leads to the suspect’s stay in prison even after the end of the investigation work, and then this research was to address the legislative shortcomings in the Procedures Law current criminal court. The problem of the research was what is the Sudanese legislator’s approach to keeping the suspect in detention for the purposes of investigation and what is the extent of control available to monitor the acts of imprisonment for the purposes of investigation. This subject was dealt with within the framework of the descriptive, analytical, inductive and comparative method, with reference to the legal and legal texts that were received in this regard and from their analysis in addition to other approaches whenever this was necessary or required by the nature of the research. His detention for the purposes of trial or investigation is necessary and within the limits of that necessity. One of the recommendations of the research is the importance of intensifying the means of communication between detainees pending investigation and those under trial, including positive results on the progress of the case and the speed of adjudication of it or ending it in peace
كتاب الينبوع لتلاميذ الصف السادس – دراسة تقويمية من وجهة نظر المعلمين: ولاية الخرطوم-محلية سوبا
No full textThis research aims to evaluate the book The Spring for the sixth grade from the teachers' point of view in light of the general educational objectives to know its reality from the teachers' point of view and the appropriateness of its content for the objectives as well as teaching methods, teaching aids, activities and evaluation used in it.
The researcher followed the descriptive approach and used the questionnaire as a tool for collecting information and data from the study population.
The research community consists of male and female Arabic language teachers in the state of Khartoum, Soba locality, and their number is (170) individuals, and the research sample amounted to (35) male or female teachers, which is a random sample.
The researcher also used some descriptive statistical methods to analyze and interpret the responses of the research sample to the questionnaire phrases and to achieve the questions and these methods represented in percentages, arithmetic mean standard deviation, tested) .
The most important results that the researcher reached were:
1. The objectives are clear, realistic, measurable, linked to the objectives of the foundation stage, take into account individual differences, and develop Arabic language skills.
2. The content of the Fountain Book is related to the book’s objectives, but it is not appropriate for the time prepared for it, nor for the students’ level and needs, and does not motivate them.
3. The teaching methods used to teach the book The Spring are appropriate to the content, appropriate to the students' abilities, and take into account individual differences.
4. The teaching aids used in teaching the book The Fountain achieve the goals of the book, motivate the students, and take into account the psychological aspects of the students when choosing them .
5. The constructivist evaluation method is used in teaching the Book of the Spring, and the evaluation reveals the extent which educational goals have been achieved. Evaluation questions take into account the individual differences of students, and develop their positive attitudes towards learning the Arabic language.
The study's most important recommendations were as follows:
1. Increasing the Arabic language classes to fit the number of pages and content of the book "The Fountain" in order to give all branches of the language their right of explanation, analysis and follow-up.
2. Providing various teaching aids and assessment tools for all aspects of the educational process related to the course objectives .
3. Reducing some vocabulary of the content to suit the level of the sixth grade students.
4. The necessity of involving teachers in preparing and developing curricula, as they are aware of the greatest shortcomings and weaknesses surrounding the curricula
دراسة مقارنة
Get PDFEnvironmental crime is considered a crime distinct from other crimes, and this distinction is the cause of a real crisis for environmental legislation as a result of the failure to comprehend the traditional templates of criminalization for the requirements of this crime, especially with regard to the composition of this crime at the level of the material, moral and even legal pillar. However, the Sudanese criminal legislation did not abandon the established principles of criminal jurisprudence in the field of the environment (no crime and no penalty except with a text) (there is no responsibility except for an illegal act committed with intent or committed negligently) this on the one hand and on the other hand the Environmental Protection Law of 2001 He may be right in protecting the environment, because he considers environmental crimes as mere violations, so I hope to introduce an environmental criminal law that takes into account the special nature of environmental crime. Protecting the environment in light of the traditional concepts of criminal law, as despite all the development of Sudanese environmental legislation, at the level of criminalization and punishment, environmental crime still encounters many problems on several levels, which we try to analyze in this research. The study dealt with the topic in four chapters. The first of them was devoted to clarifying the concept of the environment and environmental pollution. Then the second chapter discussed the elements of the environment covered by protection and the nature of the interest intended to be protected. The third chapter included the concept of environmental crimes and environmental crimes. Its characteristics and pillars. The fourth chapter includes the substantive and procedural role of environmental legislation in protecting the environment. In order to cover the different dimensions of the study, a number of scientific approaches were used, such as the documentary method, the descriptive and analytical method. The study reached several results, the most important of which is the weakness of environmental legislation in protecting the environment for several reasons, the first of which is the large number of environmental legislation, which led to a lack of awareness of it and its ineffectiveness, the second of which is the weakness of the penalties involved in it, and the third being called environmental crimes by violations, which leads to indifference to the environmental environment and the danger of its pollution. Rather, individuals and the state It finds no objection to the perpetration of activities harmful to the environment. The study concluded with several recommendations, the most important of which are the development of an environmental criminal law and the rehabilitation of judges in the field of environment
مفهوم الأدب القومي السوداني عند المحجوب بين سعة المفهوم وضيق الماعون
No full textThe research discussed ALMahjoub's concept of the Sudanese Literature. The research started with handling ALMhjoub, the poet and his participation in the renovation in poetry, then ALMhjoub the critic and his trends in critics, his vision in literature and the influence of romanticism on him.
The research also touched Tambull's concept of nationalism as Tambul had discussed it prior to ALMahjoub. Then the research dealt with AlMahjoub's Project on the nationalism of Sudanese literature, so the research started with the motives which made ALMahjoub think about the issue of national literature. The research disclosed the integration of Mahjoub's vision on the concept of nationalism which is a literal, social and political one. Hence, the research began with the talk about uniting the national sensation. The research then mentioned ALMhjoub's identification of nationalism; it talked about the reasons behind the slowness of the spread of the nationalism concept in the Arab countries and in the Sudan. Then the research showed ALnahjoubs idea of the concept of the Sudanese national literature, showing ALMhjoub's call for the national literature and talked about the elements of national literature; starting with its basic material on which it depends, its characteristics, music, spoken and written language, imagination, images and measurement. The research also described the broadness of ALMhjoubs concept which allowed for tolerating the different religions of the Sudan.
The research also spoke about the shape and the soul which ALMahjoub wanted the Sudanese literature to adopt, mentioned ALMahjoub's call for separating Sudanese literature from Egyptian literature and his motives for the separation, Mahjoub's idea about the environment's influence on literature. the research ended with mentioning the ideas of the most important supporters of the call for the nationalism of literature and the ideas of those who stand against.
In each of the research's topics, the researcher Paraded the ideas provided and presented his own ideas on the issue under discussion
دراسة مقانة
No full textThis study is extracted from Islamic legislation compared
to manmade laws, as a contribution to the process of legal
reform. Well, the Sudanese legislator did, as he dealt with most
of its articles of Islamic legislation. The researcher dealt with the
issue of blood money, Arush AlJarrah and AlShajaj, indicating
that “it is the right of God Almighty in the sense that it protects
society from blood crimes.” And also, “a right for the servants
against whom the crime occurred, as compensation for the harm
that has befallen on them, so that there is a cure for their
soulsWadia contributes to reducing the death penalty and that is
what modern systems call for. The research dealt with when
blood money is an original penalty and when it is an alternative
penalty. The research also dealt with the meaning of blood
money, Arush, wounds, and people, who is taken, how to take it,
cases of necessity and judgment in Sudanese law and when it is.
it also dealt with its amounts in the soul and what is below it and
on whom it may be .The study showed the position of the
Sudanese Criminal Law of 1991 on blood money and the
opinions of Muslim jurists
تيار الوعي في الرِّواية السّياسيّة العربيّة الحديثة رواية كوابيس بيروت : لغادة السّمّان أنموذجًا
No full textLiterary analytical trends have emerged to study the literary text and its manifestations, among which is intellectual awareness trend. The stream of consciousness is the real revolution in the history of novel development in general, and the realistic trend in particular. It is the consequence of the realistic novel that pays special attention to the psychological analysis of persons and situations by revealing what is going on in the human psyche, and depicting its subjective and collective feelings. Among these novels is Beirut Nightmares, the topic of this research.
The study aimed to identify the stream of consciousness in the modern Arab political novel and its most important artistic, expressive and aesthetic manifestations. To achieve that the researcher followed the descriptive analytical method for its relevance with this type of studies.
The study included four chapters and a number of sections and requirements that contained the researcher's findings of the styles and techniques used in Ghada Al-Samman's Beirut Nightmares Novel.
The study took an applied field for the Syrian novelist Ghada al-Samman for her novel Beirut Nightmares, which handled a very important political period, namely the Lebanese civil war, where she monitored the diaries of her detention inside her home within the reality of the war, and the pain of loss, deprivation, hunger, fear and panic that permeated it.
The research came up with the following findings: The current novel has strengthened the connection with psychological methods, has made them a field for critical research and has removed these methods from the dominance of psychology, The Awareness Stream's novel explored the human psyche, and was able to dive into its depths and introspect, The research showed the importance of some of the methods of the hybrid language that the writer used to express the innermost nature of the characters and to probe the depths of their souls and the novelist demonstrated the ability of the Arab political novel to keep pace with international novels. This gave a global dimension to the modern Arab political novel in terms of the complete conformation between the techniques, mechanisms and methods used in each
تأثير النزاعات المسلحة في السودان على الأمن الإنساني : دراسة حالة جبال النوبه 1984-2019م
No full textThis research deals with the concepts and theories of conflicts such as dimension, phases, types, themes, assumptions and intra-state conflicts. The research addresses the concepts and the seven pillars of human security (political, economic, food, health, social, individual and environmental security) with its modern and broad concept, its roots, development, components, dimensions, threats, and importance. The research deals with armed conflicts their traditional and modernized causes in the Sudanese marginalized areas, “Southern Sudan before separation, Nuba Mountains, Southern Blue Nile, Darfur, and Eastern Sudan”. Furthermore the research deals with the intensity of violence and the expansion of the conflicts in various geographical areas, and the causes which help and enable the conflicts to maintain its continuity for such a long time.
Moreover the objective of the research is to high light the impact of the armed conflicts on human security and its disastrous results and their sever impact on all aspects of life in the Nuba Mountains. Plus the factors that contributed to the ignition, as well as the continuation of the conflict and its historical development, the regional and international dimension in conflict resolution, and to what extent human security has been taken as a framework for to achieve peace. The research analyses the peace agreements in the Nuba Mountains from human security prospective. Furthermore to show the importance of the human security and its contribution to achieve just, lasting and comprehensive peace.
The research addresses the transitional period and the shortcoming that accompanied the implementation of the peace agreements, and subsequent peace building process in the transitional periods which led to the failure of restoring peace in the Nuba Mountains, and opened the door to return to the armed conflict. In order to avoid armed conflicts and to achieve just, lasting and comprehensive peace, it is necessary to pay attention, to highlight and to take into account the human security efficiently whenever dealing and addressing the issues of the conflicts in any possible peace agreement could be signed between warring parties. The researcher used the historical, descriptive and analytical method which includes deduction, induction and looking at the phenomenon of the conflict and human security in its historical context to facilitate the research process
