Brage Nord Open Research Archive
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The genome of the Arctic snow alga Limnomonas spitsbergensis (Chlamydomonadales)
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One-carbon metabolism nutrients impact the interplay between DNA methylation and gene expression in liver, enhancing protein synthesis in Atlantic salmon
Get PDFSupplementation of one-carbon (1C) metabolism micronutrients, which include B-vitamins and methionine, is essential for the healthy growth and development of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). However, the recent shift towards non-fish meal diets in salmon aquaculture has led to the need for reassessments of recommended micronutrient levels. Despite the importance of 1C metabolism in growth performance and various cellular regulations, the molecular mechanisms affected by these dietary alterations are less understood. To investigate the molecular effect of 1C nutrients, we analysed gene expression and DNA methylation using two types of omics data: RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and reduced-representation bisulphite sequencing (RRBS). We collected liver samples at the end of a feeding trial that lasted 220 days through the smoltification stage, where fish were fed three different levels of four key 1C nutrients: methionine, vitamin B6, B9, and B12. Our results indicate that the dosage of 1C nutrients significantly impacts genetic and epigenetic regulations in the liver of Atlantic salmon, particularly in biological pathways related to protein synthesis. The interplay between DNA methylation and gene expression in these pathways may play an important role in the mechanisms underlying growth performance affected by 1C metabolism.publishedVersio
Comparison of Effects of Implicit versus Explicit Learning of a Novel Skill in Young Gymnastic Athletes
Get PDFBackground: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of explicit learning with implicit learning using a dual-task paradigm on learning a novel skill and whether the performance was maintained over an extended period. Methods: Forty-four young children from a local gymnastics club (n = 44, boys n = 10, girls n = 34, age: 10 ± 2.9 years) completed four 30 min front-flip practice sessions over four weeks between pre- and post-test, followed by two retention tests three and six months after the post-test, in which no front-flip practice occurred. Results: Comparable improvements were found beyond baseline performance for both learning conditions over the six-month hiatus. While both groups increased performance at the post-test, neither explicit nor implicit learning groups were able to maintain the achieved performance level into six months of retention. In particular, the explicit group showed a more marked decrease than the implicit group after three months, which was probably caused by the decay of their reliance on the retrieval of declarative knowledge from working memory. Conclusions: The current findings highlight the importance of conducting retention tests over an extended period to monitor performance development after the acquisition of a novel task by different learning methods, as they can differ over time.publishedVersio
Effects of different rooting materials on behaviour and welfare of finishing pigs
Get PDFProvision of rooting material is important to meet the pig`s need for exploration when housed inside. In this experiment we investigated the effects of different types of rooting materials and a weekly rotation in different materials on behaviour and welfare of finishing pigs. We predicted that access to rooting material would lead to more positive and less negative behaviours, and a lower proportion of pigs with bite marks on ears, tail, and body. During two batches with a total of 360 finishing pigs, with 10 pigs per pen, rooting material was provided twice a day (pellets, peat, straw, hay, weekly rotation of these materials, or controls with sawdust) over 12 weeks. Behaviour was recorded from video in the two most active periods of the day; immediately after material provision, for 60 minutes, with instantaneous scan sampling every 6 min. and 1/0 sampling. Welfare protocol data was collected in weeks 1,2,3 and 12. Provision of rooting material resulted in more exploration (P < 0.001), play (P < 0.001) and tail wagging (P = 0.010) compared to the control group, except for pellets where exploration level was even lower than controls. Rooting material also led to less tail biting (P = 0.002) and manipulation of pen fittings (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. Straw and rotation of materials resulted in less ear biting (P < 0.001), and straw in fewer observations with the tail hanging down or tucked between the legs (P < 0.001). Aggression was not reduced (P = 0.036), and non-aggressive social contact was lower with rooting materials compared to controls (P = 0.002). Pigs provided with peat, straw, and hay had a lower proportion of bite marks on the tail (P < 0.001), whereas pellets and rotation groups were higher than controls in this respect. All rooting materials except for pellets resulted in a lower proportion of bite marks on the body compared to controls (P = 0.018). Levels of exploration, play, aggression, ear biting, tail curled, wagging and hanging down (P < 0.001), and tail biting (P = 0.052), were all higher in the first weeks of the experiment and declined with increasing age. Groups with a weekly rotation in materials showed the highest level of exploration throughout the experimental period (P < 0.001). Our results suggest that straw and hay are highly valued as resources for finishing pigs, and material rotation is the most stimulating.publishedVersio
The mindful leader: a review of leadership qualities derived from mindfulness meditation
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The War in the Air – From Idea to Reality: The Bombing of Bodø in the spring of 1940
No full textMasteroppgave for lektorutdanning i samfunnsfag - Nord universitet 202
