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Environmental effects monitoring of offshore oil and gas activities on the Norwegian continental shelf: A review
No full textThis review examines the evolution and findings of Norway's offshore environmental monitoring (OEM) program over the past five decades. The program targets soft sediments, water column organisms, and deep-water epifauna across the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) to assess the impacts of offshore oil and gas activities. The program is required by Norwegian authorities and financed by oil and gas companies operating on the NCS. Initially prompted by widespread effects from oil-contaminated drill cuttings (OBM-DC) discharges, the first sediment quality monitoring came in 1973, and grew into a regional sediment quality monitoring program in 1995. A ban on discharge of OBM cuttings on the NCS was implemented in 1993, and the following years saw a clear reduction in areas with impacted sediments. Currently, significant contamination and macrofauna disturbances are typically confined within 250–500 m of DC discharge points. In the 1990s, concerns over increasing produced water (PW) discharges led to development of effect monitoring in the water column, with focus on fish and mussels as bioindicators. These in situ effect surveys have shown localized impacts near PW outlets. Other fish surveys have revealed elevated DNA adduct levels in demersal fish (haddock) in several areas on the NCS, but the causality of this phenomenon remains unclear. Deep-water petroleum exploration has necessitated visual surveys to map protected benthic epifauna communities, such as corals and sponges, though the methodology's suitability for assessing biological impact is uncertain. Future recommendations include redesigning sediment surveys to address combined stressors from the petroleum industry, fisheries, and climate change, adopting recent methodological and statistical advancements, and improving integration across program elements. This review describes how the offshore monitoring on the NCS has evolved in response to changing environmental concerns, regulations and industrial practices, providing insights for enhancing ecological protection in offshore petroleum activities. Offshore petroleum industry Environmental effect monitoring Norwegian continental shelf ReviewEnvironmental effects monitoring of offshore oil and gas activities on the Norwegian continental shelf: A reviewpublishedVersio
Genome-wide differentiation and SNP-based identification of northeastern Atlantic Sebastes species
No full textCustom R script to filter pool-seq data for article "Genome-wide differentiation and SNP-based identification of northeastern Atlantic Sebastes species" published in ICES Journal of Marine Science, an Oxford University Press journal.
File can be opened in R or a text editor.
The SNP dataset on which results were based on in this study, is named "sebastes_cleaned_df_56SNPs_1964fish_Jansson_etal_2025.csv" and contains an info sheet of its contents. Pool-seq data used in this study is submitted into European Nucleotide Archive under a project number PRJEB91638
Where are you from? Finding the origin of the recently observed sprat in Iceland using a panel of SNPs
No full textThe information deposited here consists of one excel file (Sprat_SNP data.xlsx) that contains two spreadsheets:
a. SNP loci with flanking regions: List of 91 SNP loci genotyped with their corresponding flanking regions
b. Raw data: Data corresponding to 2694 individuals from 45 sampling sites genotyped at 91 SNPs. Data is provided in GenAlEx format to ease the conversion into other formats.
Article is submitted to Biological Invasions, a Springer journal
Fysisk oseanografiske forhold i produksjonsområdene for akvakultur - — Oppdatering september 2024
No full textTemperaturforholdene i 2024 har delt landet i to. I produksjonsområdene 1-7, dvs. fra Sørlandet til Nord-Trøndelag, har vinteren hatt omtrent normale temperaturer, mens det ble raskt varmt i mai pga. den varme værtypen. Etterfølgende periode juni, juli og august har typisk hatt lavere temperaturer enn normalt for de sørligste PO'ene. For PO'ene 8-13 har stort sett hele sommeren fra mai/juni vært varmere enn normalt etter en noe kald vinter. Spesielt varmt vær har det vært siste halvdel av juli og starten av august, og dette har gitt ekstremt høye sjøtemperaturer på sensommeren i hele Nordland, Troms og Finnmark.Fysisk oseanografiske forhold i produksjonsområdene for akvakultur - — Oppdatering september 2024publishedVersio
A new maximum age observed within the family Labridae, ballan wrasse Labrus bergylta
Full text linkBallan wrasse Labrus bergylta is the largest species of wrasse inhabiting European waters and one of the longest-living species within the family Labridae. A large specimen was caught off the coast of Skjerjehamn, western Norway (total length = 410 mm; weight = 1274 g). The age of the specimen was determined to be 34 years old based on the analysis of its opercula bones. This specimen establishes a new maximum age for ballan wrasse, 5 years older than the previously observed maximum age.publishedVersio
Oil droplet fouling on lesser sandeel (Ammodytes marinus) eggshells does not enhance the crude oil induced developmental toxicity
Full text linkThe oil industry's expansion and increased operational activity at older installations, along with their demolition, contribute to rising cumulative pollution and a heightened risk of accidental oil spills. The lesser sandeel (Ammodytes marinus) is a keystone prey species in the North Sea and coastal systems. Their eggs adhere to the seabed substrate making them particularly vulnerable to oil exposure during embryonic development. We evaluated the sensitivity of sandeel embryos to crude oil in a laboratory by exposing them to dispersed oil at concentrations of 0, 15, 50, and 150 µg/L oil between 2 and 16 days post-fertilization. We assessed water and tissue concentrations of THC and tPAH, cyp1a expression, lipid distribution in the eyes, head and trunk, and morphological and functional deformities. Oil droplets accumulated on the eggshell in all oil treatment groups, to which the embryo responded by a dose-dependent rise in cyp1a expression. The oil exposure led to only minor sublethal deformities in the upper jaw and otic vesicle. The findings suggest that lesser sandeel embryos are resilient to crude oil exposure. The lowest observed effect level documented in this study was 36 µg THC/L and 3 µg tPAH/L. The inclusion of these species-specific data in risk assessment models will enhance the precision of risk evaluations for the North Atlantic ecosystems.publishedVersio
A holo-omics analysis shows how sugar kelp can boost gut health in Atlantic salmon
Full text linkThe projected growth of Aquaculture requires continuous optimisation of feeding regimes, especially in enhancing disease resilience through immunostimulating feed supplements. Seaweed has been introduced as a promising supplement due to its proposed immunostimulant effects, while mitigating carbon emissions and marine eutrophication. Two separate growth trials were performed to evaluate the effects of a seaweed supplement, focusing on a closed land-based RAS system with fish growing from ~300–600 g and an open water netbased trial with fish growing from ~500–2500 g. A multi-omics approach was taken to investigate the effect of using up to 2 % fermented sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) as a supplement on the growth performance and gut health of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Standard growth metrics and quality indicators were coupled with multi-omics data for the host intestinal transcriptome, intestinal metabolome, and intestinal microbiome. Levels of iodine and heavy metals in the fish fillets resulting from seaweed inclusion were evaluated. Seaweed additives up to 2 % had no negative impact on the salmon growth performance or other health parameters. While concentration of iodine increased with seaweed addition, all levels remain below recommended thresholds. Furthermore, gut transcriptome analyses of 179 individuals revealed multiple indications for an immunostimulant effect of seaweed, including overexpression of the mucin biosynthesis and pyrimidine metabolism pathways related to mucus production and intestinal homeostasis. Genome-resolved metagenomics revealed a core microbiome dominated by Mycoplasma, Photobacterium, and Brevinema species. Interestingly, the assembled genomes of these three core species had consistently higher levels of genome erosion and gene loss compared to other present species suggesting host adaptation. Further, reduced prevalence of known pathogens such as Aliivibrio highlights a potential protective effect of seaweed by impeding growth of opportunistic pathogens. Results suggest that supplementation of up to 2 % fermented seaweed can increase feed efficiency, stabilise the intestinal microbiome and potentially increase resistance against known pathogenic bacteria including Aliivibrio species. Seaweed Aquaculture Atlantic salmon Host-microbe interactions Multi-omics ImmunostimulantspublishedVersio
Råd om fiske av kongekrabbe i norsk sone i 2025
Full text linkHavforskningsinstituttet (HI) anbefaler at den totale fangsten av hannkrabbe for 2025 i kvoteregulert område ikke overstiger 1510 tonn (Hjelset mfl., 2024). HI anbefaler at det frie fisket opprettholdes for å redusere spredningshastigheten og sikre forvaltningsmålet om lav tetthet av kongekrabbe utenfor det kvoteregulerte området. HI anbefaler at bruk av fredningsperiode som forvaltningsverktøy videreføres og utvides til å gå fra april til mai. En utvidet fredningsperiode bidrar også til å redusere andelen skadet kongekrabbe i bestanden.Råd om fiske av kongekrabbe i norsk sone i 2025publishedVersio
Do cold water corals provide an essential habitat for Helicolenus dactylopterus (Delaroche, 1809) in the Northwest Africa?
Full text linkCold water corals (CWC) provide habitats for many organisms including demersal fish. Bottom trawl observations have indicated a co-occurrence of the fish Helicolenus dactylopterus with CWC reefs, but a detailed understanding of this relation is lacking. To better understand the nature of this relation we have analyzed 85 video-lines from ROV dives conducted at 25–1700 m depth off Morocco, Mauritania, and Senegal in 2020 and 2021. We annotated abundance, size, and behavior of the 552 specimens observed (32% juveniles and 68% adults), of these 82% occurred in CWC habitats at 400–600 m depth. Both juveniles and adults were observed standing on the seafloor. Our observations are discussed considering available knowledge on feeding ecology and life cycle of H. dactylopterus. Our findings show that CWC provides an essential habitat for this species at least during parts of its lifecycle, however, more behavioral studies are needed for an in-depth understanding of this association.publishedVersio
Temperature sensitivity of detrital photosynthesis
Full text linkBackground and Aims Kelp forests are increasingly considered blue carbon habitats for ocean-based biological carbon dioxide removal, but knowledge gaps remain in our understanding of their carbon cycle. Of particular interest is the remineralization of detritus, which can remain photosynthetically active. Here, we study a widespread, thermotolerant kelp (Ecklonia radiata) to explore detrital photosynthesis as a mechanism underlying temperature and light as two key drivers of remineralization. Methods We used meta-analysis to constrain the thermal optimum (Topt) of E. radiata. Temperature and light were subsequently controlled over a 119-day ex situ decomposition experiment. Flow-through experimental tanks were kept in darkness at 15 °C or under a subcompensating maximal irradiance of 8 µmol photons m−2 s−1 at 15, 20 or 25 °C. Photosynthesis of laterals (analogues to leaves) was estimated using closed-chamber oxygen evolution in darkness and under a saturating irradiance of 420 µmol photons m−2 s−1. Key Results Topt of E. radiata is 18 °C across performance variables (photosynthesis, growth, abundance, size, mass and fertility), life stages (gametophyte and sporophyte) and populations. Our models predict that a temperature of >15 °C reduces the potential for E. radiata detritus to be photosynthetically viable, hence detrital Topt ≤ 15 °C. Detritus is viable under subcompensating irradiance, where it performs better than in darkness. Comparison of net and gross photosynthesis indicates that elevated temperature primarily decreases detrital photosynthesis, whereas darkness primarily increases detrital respiration compared with optimal experimental conditions, in which detrital photosynthesis can persist for ≥119 days. Conclusions Topt of kelp detritus is ≥3 °C colder than that of the intact plant. Given that E. radiata is one of the most temperature-tolerant kelps, this suggests that photosynthesis is generally more thermosensitive in the detrital phase, which partly explains the enhancing effect of temperature on remineralization. In contrast to darkness, even subcompensating irradiance maintains detrital viability, elucidating the accelerating effect of depth and its concomitant light reduction on remineralization to some extent. Detrital photosynthesis is a meaningful mechanism underlying at least two drivers of remineralization, even below the photoenvironment inhabited by the attached alga.publishedVersio