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Acquiring a new understanding of illness and agency: a narrative study of recovering from chronic fatigue syndrome
Get PDFThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.Background: The condition known as chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is poorly understood. Simplified medical models tend to neglect the complexity of illness, contributing to a terrain of uncertainty, dilemmas and predicaments. However, despite pessimistic pictures of no cure and poor prognosis, some patients recover.
Purpose: This study’s purpose is to provide insight into people’s experiences of suffering and recovery from very severe CFS/ME and illuminate understanding of how and why changes became possible.
Methods: Fourteen former patients were interviewed about their experiences of returning to health. A narrative analysis was undertaken to explore participants’ experiences and understandings. We present the result through one participant’s story.
Results: The analysis yielded a common plotline with a distinct turning point. Participants went through a profound narrative shift, change in mindset and subsequent long-time work to actively pursue their own healing. Their narrative understandings of being helpless victims of disease were replaced by a more complex view of causality and illness and a new sense of self-agency developed.
Discussion: We discuss the illness narratives in relation to the disease model and its shortcomings, the different voices dominating the stories at different times in a clinically, conceptually, and emotionally challenging area.publishedVersio
Theology and women’s agency in the context of intimate partner violence in Ghana
Get PDFAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a growing problem in sub-Saharan Africa that limits women’s agency. Various studies have found that cultural norms and religion sustain women’s experiences of IPV, inspiring various theories among feminist scholars and within religion on women’s agency. This study determines whether and how theology contributes to the agency of IPV survivors. I draw upon constructivist grounded theory to inductively analyze the stories of thirteen abused Christian women in a mainline church in southern Ghana. My findings indicate that multiple systems, including informal social support networks, constrain survivors while simultaneously serving as conditions for their personal faith and individually constructed theologies. Indeed, these serve as catalysts to their self-enactments and emerging agency. These findings provide nuance to existing (and contested) conceptions of agency.publishedVersio
Systemic perspectives and psychiatric diagnosis: Mutually exclusive or mutually inclusive? Chapter 7
Get PDFThis chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this chapter are included in the chapter's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the chapter's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.In common with most others who work in the field of mental health, the authors have been obliged to develop a professional relationship with the two dominant diagnostic guides, The International Classification of Disease 10 (ICD-10) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (DSM-5). While they concur with the widely held view that there are many problematic issues connected to both diagnostic systems, many of the conflicts generated within the mental health field that we are aware of seem to emerge from the different meanings that are attributed to them and/or the ways in which they are applied. We argue for the position that a system of diagnostic categories is necessary for all psychotherapists, in a parallel but different manner to the way in which it is important for medical practitioners. We systemic therapists also have a fundamental need of organizing the domain of human suffering so that we can bring order to our clinical practice, our research and our professional communication. The most important question is “how?”.publishedVersio
Vernepleiere i skolen. Hvordan kan vernepleiere bidra i forebygging av ufrivillig skolefravær?
Get PDFMye tyder på at ufrivillig skolefravær er et økende problem blant barn og unge. Dette kan gi
en rekke uheldige konsekvenser for eleven og samfunnet som en helhet. Oppgavens hensikt
er å undersøke hvordan vernepleiere kan bidra i forebygging av ufrivillig skolefravær.
Oppgavens metode er litteraturstudie hvor vi har utført en tematisk analyse av fem
kvalitative vitenskapelige artikler. Analysen gav oss total fire temaer som beskriver
miljøterapeutens rolle og effektive tiltak i forbindelse med ufrivillig skolefravær: (1) ha et
helhetlig syn på eleven, (2) bindeledd mellom skole og hjem, (3) systematisk kartlegging,
utarbeide og evaluere tiltak og (4) styrke elevens autonomi. Studiet har ført til en styrket
forståelse av at vernepleiere bidrar med viktig kompetanse inn i skolens arbeid med
forebygging av ufrivillig skolefravær. Vernepleieren har også en viktig rolle som brobygger
mellom skolen og hjemmet. Resultatene viser at det er viktig å ha et holistisk syn på eleven,
og vernepleieren er godt egnet til å foreta systematisk kartlegging og evaluering med sin
helse- og sosialfaglige kompetanse. Tiltak utformes på elevens premisser og skal sikre
personsentrert omsorg og styrking av elevens autonomi
The role and strategies used by line managers and leaders in the transmission and dissemination of organizational values within and beyond the organization. A case study of two international humanitarian organizations (Doctors without borders (MSF) Norway and UNICEF Norway)
Get PDFOrganizational values are a contributing factor for the success of an organization. They provide a framework for decision-making, guide behaviour, and shape the culture of an organization. However, values are only effective if they are properly transmitted and disseminated throughout the organization. This thesis identifies and explores the strategies and methods that line managers and leaders employ in the transmission and dissemination of organizational values within and beyond the organization. In explores these strategies, the role played by line managers and leaders to effectively transmit and disseminate these values within and beyond the organization, and related challenges that they face in carrying out their daily activities become constituents of this study. Through a review of scholarly articles in this subject area supported by findings gotten through face-to-face interviews, observation and shadowing the research participants, the study identifies and elaborates on the various strategies used by line managers and leaders to transmit and disseminate organizational values. A conceptual framework on organizational values which includes importance of values for organizations, implementation of values works in organizations, and insights on the leader member exchange theory (LMXT) have guided this study to get to the findings in this study. Adopting a qualitative research method using face- to-face interviews, shadowing, and observation to carry out this investigation through face- to-face interviews, shadowing, and observation contributes to gathering quality data that is presented systematically applying thematic groupings to facilitate understanding and the discussions handled in this study
‘My disability was my own responsibility’: An institutional ethnography of the transitional experiences of disabled young people leaving care
Get PDFThis is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)Across child welfare and disability policy, the intersectionality of being a young person with experiences with both child welfare and disability services is not well addressed. In line with this, a growing body of international evidence shows a gap in the level of transitional and post-care support provided to meet the needs of this group of young people leaving care. The present article draws on data from a qualitative interview study with eight disabled young people leaving care in Norway. However, rather than giving an account of their individual ex periences of aftercare, it uses these experiences as a starting point to a broader investigation of how the insti tutional setting of aftercare shapes these experiences. The study is inspired by institutional ethnography (IE), a method of inquiry developed by Canadian sociologist Dorothy E. Smith, which attempts to describe the interface between individual experiences and institutional relations. Our findings showed that the study participants experienced insufficient support from child welfare services related to their disability during the transition to adulthood. The institutional forces behind these findings are explored and discussed.publishedVersio
Kickstart in nursing home-Nursing students experiences of a model for active and collaborative learning in clinical placement
Get PDFThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.Aims and objectives: To explore students' experiences from a pilot project testing out a model for active, collaborative learning in first-year placement at a nursing home.
Background: There is a need for innovative learning activities and projects to improve clinical education in nursing homes. Active, collaborative approaches in placement learning may enhance students learning outcome.
Design: The study had a qualitative and explorative design, in which the experiences of students participating in the pilot were investigated through paired interviews at the end of their placement.
Methods: Twenty-two students participated in the study, and data from paired inter-views were analysed using qualitative content analysis. COREQ reporting guidelines were used.
Results: Three themes emerged from the analysis: (1) The learning cell as facilitator for learning; (2) Discovering learning possibilities in nursing homes and (3) Applying tools and resources for learning.
Conclusions: The model could reduce tension and anxiety while helping the stu-dents focus on learning options and use their environment more actively for learning. Working with a learning partner seems to increase student learning through common planning, feedback and reflection. The study emphasises the importance of facilitat-ing active learning through the scaffolding structures and configuration of the stu-dents' learning space.
Relevance to clinical practice: This study indicates the potential for introducing active and collaborative pedagogical models in clinical placement. The model can promote nursing homes as a conducive learning arena for nursing students and help prepare students for a future work role in a rapidly changing health care field.
Patient or public contribution: The result of the research is shared and discussed with stakeholders prior to finalising the article.publishedVersio
Leading through the sermon
Get PDFAs the subject of leading through the sermon is to a large extent absent in homiletical literature, this article investigates how the sermon can be used as a tool in leading church development processes. Congregations involved in strategic processes of church development are in focus, and the research question asks what the conditions are in which the sermon can be a tool in leading such processes. The material for analysis is homiletical literature from the last 25 years that combine preaching and leadership, and I understand the leadership of ministers as strategic and spiritual leadership. Sermons can function as a tool in church development processes when ministers are conscious of the possibilities of sermons to do so; the congregation and not the individual is the target audience of preaching; the sermon is firmly placed within the congregation’s life system; the external context is engaged; the congregation, through the sermon, is led towards shared goals; and when the ministers prioritise the theological dimension of the congregation in the sermons. The author asks for more research, and especially empirical research investigating to what extent ministers are in practice leading congregations through their sermons.publishedVersio
Changing dynamics of caregiving: a meta-ethnography study of informal caregivers’ experiences with older immigrant family members in Europe.
Get PDFThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativeco mmons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.Background: The population of Europe is ageing and becoming more ethnically diverse due to migration. Finding suitable long-term caring arrangements for older immigrants in Europe has been one of healthcare policymakers’ concerns in the last decade. However, relatively few older people with an immigrant background live in long-term care facilities, and many prefer to be cared for by their family members. Little is known about immigrant family caregivers’ experiences of caring for older family members and the support they need while providing care. This study aims to synthesize the qualitative literature exploring the experiences of individuals caring for older family members with immigrant backgrounds from Africa, Asia and South America living in Europe.
Methods: We searched the electronic databases Medline Ovid, Embase Ovid, PsycInfo Ovid, SocIndex EBSCOhost, CINAHL EBSCOhost, Scopus, Social Care Online, ASSIA ProQuest, and Google Scholar for original, peer reviewed research articles, published in English from 2011 to 2022. The seven-step interpretive methodology in meta-ethnography developed by Noblit and Hare (1988) was followed for qualitative synthesis.
Results: After assessing 4155 studies for eligibility criteria, 11 peer-reviewed articles were included in this review. The qualitative synthesis of these included articles resulted in four main themes: strong care norms for parents, the moral dilemma of continuing care, uneven care sharing, and the use of formal care services.
Conclusions: Caregiving dynamics are changing, both in terms of motivations and approaches to caregiving. Furthermore, there are gender disparities in the distribution of caregiving duties, particularly with women carrying the more signifcant burden of care. The care burden is further exacerbated by the lack of culturally sensitive formal services complementing the care needs of the ageing immigrants and their family caregivers. Therefore, those searching for alternatives to informal care should be met with appropriate health and care services in terms of language, culture, religion, and lifestyle, delivered in a non-judgmental way.publishedVersio