VID:Open
Not a member yet
4255 research outputs found
Sort by
How to change practice and policy to address the unique needs of senior inmates: Insights from the norwegian correctional system
Full text linkThis study explores challenges senior inmates face in a Norwegian prison and evaluates the “Come and Meet Each Other” (CAMEO) program's effects on their life, focusing on changes in policy and practice to transform inmates’ perceptions of their environment. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, including survey and interviews, thematic analysis revealed that CAMEO enhances inmates’ daily lives, dignity, and community integration, promoting a more normal life. Despite positive outcomes, issues persist with drug rehabilitation cohabitation and prison structure. Recommendations include improving facility design, expanding activities, and enhancing staff training. The findings highlight broader issues in correctional settings and suggest areas for further research on recidivism and reintegration.publishedVersio
Beyond empathy; Love. Person and otherness in the thought of Edith Stein
Full text linkDebating the nature of social cognition, there has been an upsurge in studies on empathy since the turn of the century. The contribution of Edith Stein’s doctoral dissertation On Empathy has also been brought to the forefront. In her philosophy, there is a continuous concern for the questions of social relations and human community, the explorations of the human person and its unfolding in the encounter with otherness being a leading thread in her work. Still, after her dissertation, the notion of empathy is no longer in use. What does this signify? I propose that the notion of ‘empathy’ proved to be too restrained for what Stein discovers and wants to phenomenologically describe. After her conversion to the Christian faith, working in the intersection of philosophy and theology, she expands and transforms her notion of what it means to be a person and, correspondingly, her intuition of the social relation. In the interpretative readings of this article, I show how Edith Stein’s early intuitions on empathy, alterity, and personhood come to full development in her later writings, where the relation to otherness and the unfolding of the person are conceived as inseparable from the experience of a loving God.publishedVersio
Photographs in burn patient diaries: A qualitative study of patients’ and nurses’ experiences
Full text linkObjective: To explore burn patients’ and burn intensive care nurses’ experiences of the photos in patient diaries.
Design: A qualitative inductive study using thematic analysis was performed. We conducted individual interviews with six former burn patients (age range 20–77 years; four women), and two focus groups with 11 burn intensive care nurses (age range 38–61 years; all women). Data from patients and nurses were analysed together, and the findings reported according to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ).
Setting: A Norwegian burn centre where the writing of diaries including text and photos has been practiced for approximately two decades.
Findings: Three main themes were derived from the combined analysis of the two data sets: hesitating when facing photos; visualising others care; and visualising the trajectory from burn trauma to recovery. Although the patients worried beforehand about what they would see in the photos and the nurses feared to select frightening photos, the photos were welcome, and several patients said they would have liked even more. The photos filled in gaps of memory, told more than words, and did not lie. Photos of family, friends or staff demonstrated shared actions that supported memories and recovery.
Conclusion: Both the burn patients and the burn intensive care nurses considered photos to be an essential part of the diary that gave context and provided a factual presentation of the patients’ pathway of treatment, care and recovery.
Implication for clinical practice: Tailored information about photo content should be offered to patients before a diary is handed over to them. Nurses should attempt to include photos covering the patients’ entire stay at the burn centre, as well as photos of family, friends and staff. Individual nurses should be supported in their practical selection of photos for the diary.publishedVersio
The importance of belonging: Interactions between individual and structural risk factors for youth-disengagement
Full text linkAre disengagement risks lower when youths are surrounded by others with similar risk traits? Applying theoretical perspectives of belonging and residential context, this study examines interactional effects between individual and structural risk factors for youth-disengagement. From registry data of 590,085 Norwegians aged 16–24, the study finds less disengagement among youths in municipalities where an above-average rate of individuals shared individual risk-traits of immigrant background, young parenthood, and not completing high school. Youths with parents on social welfare had an increased risk of dis-engagement in municipalities with above average rates of people on social welfare. Sex-stratified analysis reveals that men and women benefit from belonging to different risk-groups. In challenging the prevailing segmented approach to individual and structural risk factors for youth-disengagement, the findings demonstrate the need for continued examination of gender, belonging and residential context as theoretical perspectives.publishedVersio
Fra prekære arbeidsforhold til velferdsekskludering og arbeidsutnyttelse: Polske arbeideres erfaringer med digitale grenser i Norge
Full text linkIn order to register as a resident in Norway and obtain a permanent personal identification number (fødselsnummer), EU citizens have to show proof that they have secured at least six months of future employment in Norway. Those who are unable to secure long-term employment are assigned a temporary identification number (d-nummer) and officially considered non-residents in Norway. As non-residents without a permanent identification number, they cannot obtain BankID, the most widely used electronic identification method in Norway. The article explores the consequences of lacking BankID in the context of digitalized public services in Norway, focusing on access to welfare benefits and vulnerability to work exploitation. The article relies on participant observation of advice meetings with 14 Polish workers offered by the Salvation Army’s Migration Centre in Oslo. Employing the concepts of digital bordering and precarity, we trace how the personal identification number system translates precarious working conditions into exclusion from the digitalized welfare state and amplifies vulnerability to exploitation, which in turn undermines EU citizens’ ability to register as residents with a permanent identification number.publishedVersio
Barnevernstjenestens møte med minoritetsetniske familier der bekymringen er vold. En kvalitativ dokumentanalyse av barnevernstjenestens vedtak og undersøkelsesrapporter.
Full text linkFormålet med denne oppgaven er å rette oppmerksomhet mot et flerkulturelt perspektiv i barnevernstjenestens arbeid, for å bedre forstå og møte barn og familier med minoritetsetnisk bakgrunn, der bekymringen er vold i nære relasjoner. Jeg ser på hvilke forståelser barnevernstjenesten har av vold i minoritetsetniske familier, og deres behov for hjelp. Her retter jeg oppmerksomhet mot hvorvidt familiers levekår og migrasjonsrelaterte belastninger inngår i barnevernstjenestens kartlegging og vurderinger. Videre ser jeg på hvordan denne forståelsen påvirker samarbeidet med familiene – hvilke dilemmaer og barrierer både familiene og barnevernstjenesten kan stå ovenfor når vold er utgangspunktet for kontakten.
For å belyse dette har jeg benyttet meg av dokumentanalyse som kvalitativ forskningsmetode, for å få innblikk i det faktiske arbeidet og vurderingene som gjøres i barnevernstjenesten. Grunnlaget for analysen er ti dokumenter i form av vedtak og/eller undersøkelsesrapporter fra seks familier som har gjennomgått en undersøkelsesfase i barnevernstjenesten i løpet av de siste fem årene. Bekymringen i alle familiene omhandlet vold i nære relasjoner, herunder foreldrenes voldsutøvelse mot barna.
Oppsummert viser funnene at barnevernstjenesten forstår voldsutøvelsen som resultat av foreldrenes oppdragelsesmetoder og deres manglende evne til å sette grenser, og at stressrelaterte forklaringer som familiens levekår og migrasjonsbelastninger i liten grad inkluderes i kartleggingen og vurderinger av voldsproblematikken og familienes hjelpebehov. Funn indikerer at hjelpetiltaket råd og veiledning er noe standardisert. En viktig dimensjon i denne oppgaven er hvordan minoritetsetniske familier kan oppleve utrygghet i kontakten med barnevernstjenesten. Det diskuteres hvordan det kan oppstå kulturelle misforståelser og frykt for inngripen, som kan skape motstand mot samarbeid. De teoretiske perspektivene som ligger til grunn for analyse og drøft er kulturpsykologi, interseksjonalitet og antiundertrykkende praksis
Miljøterapeuters opplevelse av å utføre tvang overfor ungdom på behandlingsinstitusjoner.
Full text linkDenne masteroppgaven undersøker hvordan miljøterapeuter opplever det å utføre tvang overfor ungdom som bor på barnevernsinstitusjoner, oppgavens problemstilling er: «Hvordan opplever miljøterapeuter å utføre tvang overfor ungdom på behandlingsinstitusjoner?». Formålet til studien er å se nærmere på miljøterapeutenes refleksjoner, tanker og følelser knytt til det å utøve tvang overfor ungdom. Metodisk er studien basert på to kvalitative fokusgruppeintervjuer med faste ansatte miljøterapeuter ved behandlingsinstitusjoner. Den ene fokusgruppen besto av tre informanter og den andre hadde fire informanter.
Hovedfunnene viser at miljøterapeuter opplever tvangsutøvelse som en belastende del av arbeidshverdagen, der miljøterapeuter føler på stress, redsel, ubehag og usikkerhet. Funnene peker også på at tvangssituasjoner kan sette miljøterapeuter i en avmaktsposisjon, særlig når ungdommen utviser truende atferd. Videre viser studien at tvang påvirker miljøterapeutene ulikt, hvor det er en rekke individuelle og organisatoriske forhold som avgjør hvor belastende tvang kan oppleves for miljøterapeuten. Erfaring, rett opplæring og en støttende organisasjon rundt miljøterapeuten avgjør hvor belastende miljøterapeuten opplever det å utøve tvang.
I drøftingen fremkommer det at miljøterapeutenes usikkerhet og stress ikke bare knyttes seg ungdommens reaksjon på tvangsbruken, men også en bevissthet rundt deres profesjonelle rolle. Usikkerheten kan være et resultat ønsket om å opptre korrekt i forhold til de etiske og juridiske spørsmålene som tvang reiser. Drøftingen viser også at maktbalansen i tvangssituasjoner ikke alltid er på miljøterapeutens side, men kan ligge hos ungdommen, noe som kan skape en avmaktsfølelse hos miljøterapeuten. Det konkluderes med tvang er noe som oppleves som svært belastende for miljøterapeutene. belastende for miljøterapeutene
Medvirkning i barnevernet. En studie av ansattes erfaringer med å ivareta og tilrettelegge for barns medvirkning.
Full text linkMange barn i Norge mottar bistand fra barnevernet. Disse barna kommer fra ulike samfunnslag, familier og kulturer, men felles for dem alle er deres rett til medvirkning. Det har vært økende oppmerksomhet rundt barns muligheter til å medvirke i saker som angår dem, både i rettssystemet, fagmiljøer og samfunnet generelt. Barnevernets ansatte har i denne sammenhengen et stort ansvar med å ivareta denne retten, hvor de må balansere lovkrav med barns individuelle behov og ønsker. Hensikten med masteroppgaven er å utforske problemstillingen:
Hvilke erfaringer har ansatte i tiltaksavdelinger med å ivareta og tilrettelegge for hjemmeboende barns medvirkning?
Studien bygger på en kvalitativ tilnærming, med semistrukturerte intervjuer av fem ansatte i barnevernet fra ulike kommuner i landet. Deltakerne var fire damer og en mann med variert alder og arbeidserfaring i barneverntjenesten. Alle ble intervjuet ut fra samme intervjuguide som dekket temaer som medvirkning, relasjon, og organisatoriske rammer. I etterkant av intervjuene ble datamaterialet tematisk analysert.
Resultatene i studien ble drøftet i lys av tidligere forskning og relevant teori om temaet. Studien viser at ansatte opplever det utfordrende å balansere mellom barnets lovbestemte rett til å uttrykke sine meninger, og barnas behov for å bli beskyttet. Gjennom sitt arbeid må ansatte ta vurderinger som kan påføre store konsekvenser i barns liv. Slike vurderinger må ofte tas under tidspress og stor arbeidsbelastning, noe som kan føre til høy turnover i tjenesten. Studien viser at hyppige bytter av saksbehandlere kan svekke kontinuiteten i relasjoner. Dette kan resultere i at barnets stemme ikke får stor nok plass. I tillegg kan organisatoriske rammer og emosjonelle belastninger utfordre barnevernsansattes tilrettelegging av barnets medvirkning. Det kom videre frem at økt ledelsesstøtte til ansatte vil kunne styrke medvirkningsprosessene i barnevernet
Innovations and implementation: A study of Poverty Alleviation Project implemented by NGOs and INGOs for Marginalized Madhesi Community in Sarlahi Nepal
Full text linkPoverty alleviation is a significant challenge in developing countries like Nepal. It includes the economic growth of individuals and incorporates humanitarian support, hunger, malnutrition, educational deprivation, and inclusive participation of marginalized communities to improve the financial condition. This study analyses the activities of NGOs and INGOs in poverty alleviation, the challenges faced by NGOs and INGOs during the project's implementation, and the participants' experiences with organizations' support and their positive contribution to poverty alleviation in the Madheshi Community in Sarlahi, Nepal. The principles of three different theories guide this research: inspired by Marx’s theories that emphasized the exploitation of laborers, socioeconomic shifts, modern critical social work theory observes the social problem, and sustainable livelihood approach focuses on the basic needs of marginalized people. The research design follows the qualitative method and uses the semi-structured interview as the data collection tool. The seven participants were selected for the interview through the snowball sampling method. The findings reveal that NGOs and INGOs are crucial in providing immediate relief during natural disasters, such as distributing clothes and food and organizing health camps for affected communities. These organizations are also focused on various initiatives, including educational empowerment, social awareness campaigns, and economic development programs for sustainable development. Additionally, the organizations work closely with government agencies and local stakeholders to ensure their efforts are coordinated and effective. However, these organizations face significant challenges such as limited funding and logistical difficulties that often restrict the scale and impact of their programs. Political instability further complicates their efforts, making it difficult to control corruption and maintain consistent operations. Cultural barriers also present challenges, particularly in the form of societal norms that exclude Madhesi women from participating in these initiatives within a patriarchal context.
In addition, the study indicates positive outcomes from these organizations' efforts in poverty reduction, mainly through capacity building and promoting local ownership. The NGOs and INGOs activities have helped reduce poverty by linking beneficiaries to job markets, supporting small business ventures, and encouraging community entrepreneurship
Social innovation among women and its contribution towards SDGs in Wa district, Ghana
Full text linkThis study examines the contribution of social innovation among women to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the Wa District of Ghana. It utilizes a mixed-methods research design to capture both the quantitative impacts and qualitative experiences of women involved in these initiatives. The methodology integrates semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and surveys to investigate the drivers, barriers, and outcomes of social innovation related to SDG objectives, specifically poverty alleviation, education, and clean water access. A purposive sampling approach was applied to select women leaders in social innovation and key stakeholders, while a stratified random sampling method was used for the broader community survey to ensure representativeness across demographic segments. Data collection was conducted over three months, with qualitative data analyzed through thematic analysis to identify patterns related to economic and infrastructural drivers, resource barriers, and cultural resistance. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings indicate that while economic and infrastructural factors drive social innovation, significant barriers such as limited resources, deficits in institutional support, and cultural constraints impede women’s contributions to sustainable development. However, initiatives like the 'Mangu Women Agricultural Cooperative' demonstrate positive impacts on local income generation, educational access, and water security. Ethical considerations, including informed consent and participant confidentiality, were rigorously maintained, though limitations such as sample size constraints and limited accessibility to remote areas slightly impacted data representativeness. The study concludes with recommendations for policy reforms, capacity building, and enhanced funding to support women-led social innovations, reinforcing the role of these initiatives in advancing gender equality and community-centered SDG outcomes in resource-limited settings