Hartpury University Repository

Arede, Jorge

Fernandes, John

Moran, Jason

Norris, Jonty

Leite, Nuno

English

Maturity timing and performance in a youth national basketball team: Do early-maturing players dominate?

Mohamed, Hamdin Abasher A.

Williams, Lisa K.

van Klink, Ed

The diversity of Campylobacter spp. throughout the poultry processing plant

Tedds, Helen

Sneddon, Simon

Clubb, Ros

Ollerton, Jeff

Iskhakov, Enriko

McCormick, Wanda

Classified Information: what’s lacking from online herpetofauna sales?
HL Tedds 1, S Sneddon 2, R Clubb 3, J Ollerton 1, E Iskhakov 4, and WD McCormick 5
1. Faculty of Arts, Science and Technology, University of Northampton, Northampton, UK           4. Independent Researcher, UK
2. Faculty of Business and Law, University of Northampton, Northampton, UK                                5. Hartpury University, Gloucestershire, UK
3. RSPCA, Horsham, UK
Helen.Tedds@Northampton.ac.uk
@HelenTedds
PAAG Rule Specific rule violations 
“Label each advert clearly as to whether it is a private sale, commercial 
sale, or from a rescue / rehoming centre” 
Only 1 out of 3 websites were compliant, rescue / rehoming 
labels specifically lacking 
“Ban adverts offering pregnant animals for sale” 10 adverts described animal as ‘gravid’ or ‘pregnant’ 
“…ban frequent / repeat vendors if they are unable to provide local 
authority licence” 
7301 adverts consisted of 675 frequent sellers, of which only 
102 adverts mention a council licence 
“Require all commercial vendors to provide local authority licence 
information when submitting an advert”
Of the 3379 adverts that specified they were a breeder only 
26 mentioned a council licence
“Exclude any advert where there is reasonable concern for the health 
and welfare of the animal involved” 
104 adverts said the animal had a neurological issue (‘head 
wobble’ (82 ads), ‘corkscrewing’ (18 ads), ‘Enigma syndrome’ 
4 ads))
“Ensure that species scheduled under the Dangerous Wild Animals Act 
are clearly marked … and make clear … that it is an offence to offer a 
species covered by EU Wildlife Regs Annex A and listed by CITES for sale 
without a valid Article 10 certificate”
DWA- 7 adverts failed to mention the need for a licence 
EU Regs- 147 adverts failed to mention the need for an Article 
10 certificate 
“Ensure that no pets are advertised for swapping with other pets, 
services, or goods” 
72 adverts offered to swap with another pet 
“Require all vendors information relating to the species name and … 
the sex of the animal” 
371 adverts did not give species name
Approx. 3900 did not state the sex. Is this a realistic rule for 
herpetofauna? 
“Require all vendors to display the age of the animal(s) they are 
advertising…” 
6 adverts did not state age in mandatory field, although many 
sellers said in advert description that they were unsure of age  
“Run automated checks for blacklisted words / terms, including for 
banned breeds and prohibiting species” 
16 adverts selling banned slider turtles (Trachemys scripta) 
“Ensure that every view item page includes prominent links to PAAG 
advice on buying and selling an animal” 
Only 1 out of 3 websites were compliant
No websites were compliant 
TABLE 1
References: 1. Blue Cross and Born Free Foundation (2014) One Click Away (online) Available from: https://www.bluecross.org.uk/one-click-away-investigation-online-sale-exotic-animals-pets
(Accessed 12th December 2020); 2. PAAG (2020) How to buy a pet (online) Available from: https://paag.org.uk/ (Accessed 12th December 2020)
“Ensure that every view item page includes prominent links to PAAG   
approved care information… for the animal being advertised” 
• All adverts selling herpetofauna were downloaded from 3 
PAAG member classified websites every week throughout 
2019 (n= 26,378) and checked against 13 relevant PAAG 
rules using an SQL database and a bespoke Expert System 
software (PetExSys) 
Methods
• Massive rise in the sale of pets, including herpetofauna (reptiles and amphibians), via online classified 
websites in the last decade 1
• PAAG (Pet Advertising Advisory Group) established to encourage the legal and ethical sale of pets 
prompted by concerns surrounding irresponsible advertising 2
• Classified website members agree to adhere to 26 rules on advert content and self-regulate 
information provided by sellers 
• PAAG volunteers spot check adverts 
• Thousands of adverts uploaded every day means rule violations could go unnoticed 
Introduction
• 12 PAAG rules were violated across 
the 3 member websites (total of 
7986 adverts)- see table 1
Results
• 70% of adverts compliant 
• Further promote PAAG to raise buyer awareness 
Conclusions / Recommendations 
• Member websites could invest in a 
software solution to flag rule violations


Classified information: what's lacking from online herpetofauna sales

O'Brien, Jessica

Fryer, Simon

Parker, John

Moore, Lee

The effect of ego depletion on challenge and threat evaluations during a potentially stressful public speaking task

Pérez-Castilla, Alejandro

Rojas, F Javier

Fernandes, John F T

Gómez-Martínez, Federico

García-Ramos, Amador

Influence of Coaching Condition on the Magnitude and Reliability of Drop Jump Height in Men and Women

Baxter, Danielle

Lovell, Geoff P.

Australian mental health practitioners’ reported practice, beliefs, and barriers to the prescription of dietary change for mental health conditions

Baynes, Jack

Lovell, Geoff

Herbohn, John

Psychological Outcomes of REDD+ Projects: Evidence from Country Case Studies

de Haan, Donna

Dumbell, Lucy

Can Sex-Integrated Sport Provide a Gender-Equitable Coaching Environment?

Wilkins, Celeste

Dynamic technique analysis of the female equestrian rider

Postlethwaite, Verity

Inspiring a Generation(?): Interconnecting discourses between governing actors, policy, and legacy around London 2012