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Bridging the gap: Reintegrating legal perspectives into project management
Get PDFWhile legal topics have been acknowledged by project management academics, scholarly engagement between project management and the law needs to be further developed. This paper examines the intersection of law and project management addressing the growing complexity and multifaceted nature of contemporary projects and their impacts on society. It starts by reviewing previous project management research that has considered legal themes, such as contracts, delivery, disputes, governance, procurement and compliance. Subsequently, the importance of the context of the project is also briefly considered, with a recognition of its influence on the nature and resolution of legal disputes within projects and emerging themes. Then the legal foundation of projects is explored and the concept of legal projects and portfolios is proposed. The paper concludes by inviting the interdisciplinary research community to establish a new line of inquiry that explores the legal dimensions of project management and how project management can influence the legal profession and research.publishedVersio
Vertical Integration Strategies: The Norwegian Salmon Farming Industry
Get PDFMasteroppgave(MSc) in Master of Science in Business, Strategy - Handelshøyskolen BI, 2024The adoption of vertical integration strategies among salmon farming enterprises can significantly influence competitive advantage in the Norwegian industry. Despite the widespread implementation of both fully- and partially vertical integration of their value chains, challenges and inefficiencies remain. This master thesis builds on the resource-based view and dynamic capabilities framework to complement previous literature by examining how different levels of vertical integration can impact competitive advantage. The research is based on a multiple case study analysis of two large salmon farming enterprises in Norway, where one follows a fully integrated value chain strategy and the other a partially integrated value chain strategy. Findings suggest a relationship between the degree of vertical integration and competitive advantage. The strength of this relationship was also found to depend on a set of conditional factors. Contributions include: first, identifying the characteristics of integrated value chain integration in the salmon farming enterprises; second, providing insights into the difference between fully- and partially integration of the value chains in enhancing competitive advantage; and third, explaining how different levels of vertical integration can influence operational efficiency and market positioning. The study offers practical implications for industry stakeholders seeking to optimize their integration strategies. Most notably, enterprises should be aware of the opportunities and challenges associated with different levels of vertical integration and consider the contextual factors that may affect their strategic effectiveness
Ressursutnyttelse i ressurskrevende helse- og omsorgstjenester- En undersøkelse av Mørkvedtunet omsorgsbolig i Namsos kommune
Get PDFBacheloroppgave i Økonomi og administrasjon fra Handelshøyskolen BI, 2024Denne bacheloroppgaven undersøker ressursutnyttelsen i ressurskrevende helse- og omsorgstjenester (RKT) i Namsos kommune (NK), med et spesielt fokus på Mørkvedtunet omsorgsbolig. Formålet med studien er å identifisere hvordan Mørkvedtunet utnytter sine ressurser i form av tid, kompetanse og lønnskostnader, samt hvilke faktorer som påvirker denne utnyttelsen. Bakgrunnen for studien er de stadig økende utfordringene i norsk helsevesen knyttet til mangel på helsepersonell og en aldrende befolkning som fremover vil kreve et mer omfattende helsetilbud. Oppgaven benytter lean-filosofien som teoretisk rammeverk. Gjennom en kombinasjon av kvalitative og kvantitative metoder, inkludert intervjuer med ansatte i kommunen, kartlegging av arbeidsoppgaver, og analyse av økonomiske data, har gruppen innhentet et bredt spekter av informasjon for å besvare problemstillingen. Analysen viser at det er betydelig andel ledig kapasitet (49%) på Mørkvedtunet, knyttet til RKT. Dette representerer en økonomisk utfordring ettersom lønnskostnadene forbundet med ledig kapasitet er høye. Regelverket som krever at minst én ansatt med høyere utdanning må være til stede ved bruk av makt og tvang, samt krav i brukervedtakene, er faktorer som begrenser kommunens handlingsrom for å redusere disse kostnadene. Toppfinansieringsordningen spiller en vesentlig rolle i finansieringen av RKT. Kritikk av ordningen påpeker at den kan svekke kommunenes insentiver til å prioritere kostnadseffektiviserende tiltak innenfor RKT, sammenlignet med andre tjenester.
Oppgaven konkluderer med at det er flere muligheter for å forbedre ressursutnyttelsen i NKs RKT. Ved å øke bruken av helsefagarbeidere i RKT i NK, kan kommunen oppnå økonomiske besparelser og øke kompetanseutnyttelsen i kommunen. Det konkluderes også med at videre forskning med et større datagrunnlag for å se utfordringene oppgaven belyser på en større skala, fremstår interessant.
Nøkkelord: Ressurskrevende helse- og omsorgstjenester, lean, Tid for handling, toppfinansieringsordningen, ressurseffektivite
Minstelønnslovene av 1918 og deres historie til 1925/26. Arbeidsrett 2024 (21)
Get PDFLovregulerte minstelønninger har gjennom allmenngjøringsloven fra 1993 vært en del av norsk arbeidsliv siden 2004. Denne artikkelen retter søkelyset mot de to glemte minstelønnslovene av 1918: handelslønnsloven og loven om industrielt hjemmearbeid. Sistnevnte bygde på utenlandske forbilder, mens det i mindre grad var tilfellet for handelslønnsloven som skulle etablere minstelønnsbestemmelser for underordnede funksjonærer i de kommuner som ønsket det. Den kommunale innflytelsen over minstelønnslovenes operative betydning er et grunnleggende skille sammenlignet med dagens nasjonale minstelønnsreguleringer. Begge lover tok sikte på å hjelpe underbetalte, uorganiserte eller svakt organiserte arbeidstakere – arbeidstakerbegrepet fantes da knapt – til å oppnå en levelønn eller et minimums inntektsnivå. Artikkelen viser hvor krevende det var rettslig, organisatorisk og kontrollmessig å etablere minstelønnsreguleringer i en del av arbeidslivet uten moderne fagforeninger og med arbeidsgivere som ikke ønsket kollektive avtaler.acceptedVersio
Multisensory experiences: Formation, realization, and responsibilities
Get PDFIMAGINE TRYING TO create the sensory impression
of an object, say, the vibrant beauty of a sunflower.
It is not just about visualizing its colors but also
about feeling the textures and perceiving the delicate
fragrances, all encapsulated within an event. This
could be re-created as part of an art exhibition
(for example, the Tate Sensorium; see Vi et al.42) to
immerse the audience in a multisensory journey, such
as walking through a sunflower field. The senses take
center stage in forming the essence of the experience,
even in the absence of real sunflowers.publishedVersio
Organizational learning from construction fatalities: Balancing juridical, ethical, and operational processes
Get PDFConstruction work is associated with high risks of fatalities. Effective, deep and lasting learning from incidents is important for the safety of employees, but not well developed in the construction sector. We studied the organizational processes after a fatality through an auto-ethnographic field work study and found three distinct, but interrelated processes to normalize construction work; juridical, ethical and operational processes. Balanced attention to all three processes supports an effective, deep and lasting learning from incidents. We contribute to the learning from incidents literature with the insight that balanced attention for all three processes helps to learn from incidents and to improve the safety of workers. Furthermore, second victims can be important for the learning of incidents process. Finally, the findings throw new light on inadequate supervision of safety procedures, as the temporary characteristics of projects forces workers to deviate from safety procedures.publishedVersio
Declining Mental Health Without Diminished Military Service Motivation in Norwegian Adolescents From 2009 to 2022: A Research Note
Get PDFThere is a growing concern that the mental health of adolescents is worsening and that this deterioration may influence adolescents’ willingness and ability to complete military service. The purpose of this study is to investigate yearly relationships between self-reported mental health indicators and motivation for military service. To accomplish this, nationwide yearly percentile records from repeated cross-sectional records of Norwegian cohorts (N = 891,600) collected from 2009 to 2022 were evaluated. The results show that the number of adolescents with self-reported mental health diagnoses increased every year for both males and females. Well-being and coping decreased over time for females (but not males), although absolute levels were high throughout the study period. Despite evidence of worsening mental health and well-being, self-described motivation and aptitude for military service were largely stable over time for both genders. The negative trends in mental health are not associated with functional consequences for adolescents’ motivation and aptitude to complete military service.publishedVersio
Behovet for verdsettelse ved "dropdown"-fisjon
Get PDFExecutive Master of Management i Skatte- og avgiftsrett fra Handelshøyskolen BI, 2024Ved fusjon og fisjon er det sentrale vilkår for skattefrihet at det ved omorganiseringen er beregnet riktig bytteforhold. Det har like fullt i ligningspraksis blitt åpnet for at nærmere bestemte former for fusjon/fisjon kan gjennomføres uten bytteforholdsberegning basert på virkelige verdier. Begrunnelsen for dette har vært at man har ansett kontinuitetsforutsetningen som ivaretatt også uten verdsettelse og bytteforholdsberegning i de aktuelle tilfellene.
Nødvendigheten av verdsettelse etter virkelige verdier i forbindelse med såkalte "dropdown"-fisjoner har med bakgrunn i dette blitt diskutert i ulike skatte- og revisjonsmiljøer. I en nyere bindende forhåndsuttalelse har imidlertid Skattedirektoratet avklart at det i disse tilfellene ikke er anledning til å unnlate verdsettelsen. Oppgaven viser at de samme formålsbetraktningene som ligger til grunn for at flere øvrige tilfeller i praksis kan unnlate verdsettelse, er til stede også ved dropdown-fisjon. Direktoratets begrunnelse er dermed ikke helt overbevisende. Videre argumenterer jeg i oppgaven for at det totalt sett kan være gode grunner for å fravike kravet til verdsettelse ved dropdown-fisjon
“Smooth Sailing”: Playful Work Design on Monotonous Days
Get PDFMasteroppgave(MSc) in Master of Science in Leadership and Organizational Psychology - Handelshøyskolen BI, 2024Studies have consistently highlighted the individual and organisational benefits of work engagement, including increased employee motivation, satisfaction, and performance (Bakker et al., 2014). However, organisations may struggle to protect work engagement in employees who are dealt monotonous work tasks (Scharp et al., 2021). This study aimed to explore whether playful work design (PWD) could be a proactive behavioural strategy for employees to use in order to protect their work engagement in the face of such tasks. Using the Job Demands-Resources model (Bakker & Demerouti, 2017) as a theoretical framework, this study examined the impact of daily monotony and PWD on daily work engagement in a maritime and operational work context, as well as the moderating role of PWD in the form of fun and competition on the relationship between daily monotony and daily work engagement. We collected data from 27 Royal Norwegian Naval Academy cadets, who answered a daily questionnaire for 28 consecutive days during a voyage from Cape Town to Bergen. The results from the multilevel analyses supported our prediction that daily monotony negatively correlates with daily work engagement. Similarly, the results supported our predictions that daily PWD in the form of a) fun and b) competition positively correlated with daily work engagement. While daily PWD in the form of fun was found to have a buffering effect on the negative relationship between daily monotony and daily work engagement, daily PWD in the form of competition did not. The findings of this study make several theoretical and practical contributions, underscoring the potential mitigating effect of incorporating fun and playful elements into the work situation on days when monotonous work may harm work engagement
Exploring Long-Run Skewness of Stock Returns and Their Relative Performance to Treasury Bills
Get PDFMasteroppgave(MSc) in Master of Science in Finance - Handelshøyskolen BI, 2024We study whether Treasury bills are able to outperform the stock
market, over long horizons, by comparing lifetime buy-and-hold returns
and wealth creation of US individual common stocks to US
Treasuries from 1926 to 2022. Additionally, we investigate how
market, size, and value factors influence equity performance using
the Fama-French three-factor model. We find that Treasury bills,
in fact, outperform about 97% of the stock market. This result can
help explain why market averages often outperform active strategies
with lacking diversification