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No evidence for excess AGN activity in recently quenched massive galaxies at cosmic noon
No full textWe present an analysis of AGN activity within recently quenched massive galaxies at cosmic noon (z ∼ 2), using deep Chandra X-ray observations of the Ultra-Deep Survey (UDS) field. Our sample includes over 4000 massive galaxies (M∗ > 1010.5 M☉) in the redshift range 1<z<3, including more than 200 transitionary post-starburst (PSB) systems. We find that X-ray emitting AGN are detected in 6.2 ± 1.5 per cent of massive PSBs at these redshifts, a detection rate that lies between those of star-forming and passive galaxies (8.2 ± 0.5 per cent and 5.7 ± 0.8 per cent, respectively). A stacking analysis shows that the average X-ray luminosity for PSBs is comparable to older passive galaxies, but a factor of 2.6 ± 0.3 below star-forming galaxies of similar redshift and stellar mass. The average X-ray luminosity in all populations appears to trace the star formation rate, with PSBs showing low levels of AGN activity consistent with their reduced levels of star formation. We conclude that, on average, we see no evidence for excess AGN activity in the PSB phase. However, the low levels of AGN activity can be reconciled with the high-velocity outflows observed in many PSBs, assuming the rare X-ray detections represent short-lived bursts of black hole activity, visible ∼5 per cent of the time. Thus, X-ray AGN may help to maintain quiescence in massive galaxies at cosmic noon, but the evidence for a direct link to the primary quenching event remains elusive
Digital exclusion and people experiencing homelessness:implications for opioid use disorder care
No full textPurpose of review People experiencing homelessness (PEH) are at increased risk of adverse consequences from opioid use disorder and other health conditions yet face multiple structural and personal barriers to accessing care. The expansion of digitized health and social care services may have improved access and efficiency of services to many in the general population but at the cost of further marginalizing PEH. Current digital exclusion mitigation strategies may not be sufficiently nuanced to address the deeply complex and challenging circumstances of PEH lives.Recent findings Providing devices, data and skills to PEH is no guarantee of increased use and benefit from digitally enabled services. Precarious and constantly mobile lives mean that maintaining sustained digital access is problematic and not always desirable. Even where digital access is secured, PEH are constrained in the range of activities they can engage with online due to privacy and other structural constraints. Justifiable distrust of institutions including healthcare colors the acceptability of digitized services for PEH. This distrust is magnified due to new inequities and vulnerabilities introduced by digitized services including the need for a digital persona, adverse outcomes from adverse digital inclusion and a widening of power imbalances. These more nuanced understandings of digital exclusion are increasingly incorporated into mitigation strategies, premised on co-production and engagement with PEH.Summary Improved engagement with digitally enabled OUD care for PEH must be prefaced by improved access to technology, optimized physical environments to maintain and use technology, and collaborative cross-sectoral efforts to build trust and engage this group through co-production and rebalanced power dynamics
The crisis of rationality:political realism on the limitations of reason
No full textIn the past two decades, the political realism of E. H. Carr, Hans J. Morgenthau, and Reinhold Niebuhr has been reinterpreted as a response to the crises of the 20th century by the revisionist historiography of Michael C. Williams, Vassilios Paipais, Nicholas Guilhot, and others. According to revisionist historiography, political realism views the 20th-century crisis - the two world wars, the interwar years, and the Cold War – as a failure of liberal moral values represented by natural harmony, scientism, progressivism and pacifism. Furthering this revisionist effort, this article aims to explore realism’s exposition of the 20th-century crisis as a manifestation of reason's limitations in international politics. Interpreting the works of Carr, Morgenthau and Niebuhr, it shows political realism views the 20th-century crisis as not only a moral crisis but also a crisis of rationality. This article argues that political realism views the 20th-century crisis as caused by the limitations of reason and liberalism’s ignorance towards it. For Carr, political outcomes are driven by irrational forces uncontrollable by rationality. For Morgenthau, these irrational forces dictate that all moral choices are wrong, yet political agents must make them. For Niebuhr, reason cannot supply politics with the meaningfulness provided by the Christian faith. In their perspectives, liberalism mistakenly believes that humans can find absolute moral principles and realise them by reason alone. This rationalist ignorance of reason’s limitations led modern Western countries to impose their problematic moral values upon irrational international politics, which led to endless conflicts, chaos, and atrocities in the 20th century. In our contemporary crisis of globalisation, neoliberal internationalism repeats its predecessor’s ignorance with blind faith in democracy, free markets, and neoliberal institutions. In this way, this article hopes to help our time understand ongoing crises and prepare for future ones with timeless insights from Carr, Morgenthau and Niebuhr.<br/
Validation of facial attributions in leadership:trustworthiness and age in Chinese mid-level management
No full textThe attributions made to faces are well described by two dimensions of apparent trustworthiness (valence or warmth) and apparent competence (dominance and power) (1). This model has been extended to include a third dimension of apparent age and attractiveness (2). Previous research has tested the association between appearance and leadership attainment for high-level leaders such as elite politicians and chief executive officers of top performing organisations in the US and Western Europe. Here we focus on a Chinese organisational context and explore how facial attributions are associated with appointment at mid-level managerial positions. Participants rated leadership, competence, trustworthiness, attractiveness and age of faces of male employees of a Chinese Real Estate company. Our findings reveal that apparent trustworthiness and age are more critical predictors of leadership attainment than competence or attractiveness in the context of mid-level management in China. The study supports the three-dimensional attribution framework and reaffirms the importance of facial cues in leadership selection across diverse cultural settings
Glossary for research on human crowd dynamics - 2nd edition
No full textPedestrian and crowd dynamics involves multiple disciplines, including computer science, engineering, mathematics, physics, bio-mechanics, psychology, social science and more. For effective collaboration between disciplines, researchers need a common understanding of key concepts. To address this challenge, A Glossary for Human and Crowd Dynamics was published six years ago, providing researchers with a valuable reference for cross-disciplinary communication. We now present the second version, which includes 53 new concepts and 12 revisions from the first glossary, collaboratively developed by 65 contributors from various disciplines and regions around the world through a multi-stage process. This process involved identifying new concepts not covered in the first glossary and suggesting revisions to existing entries, voting on proposed additions and modifications, writing definitions for the selected concepts, and collaboratively revising and editing the entries. By introducing new terms and refining existing definitions, this glossary aims to facilitate clearer communication, improve conceptual consistency, and support collaboration among researchers working within the field of human and crowd dynamics from diverse perspectives
<i>Staging Revolutions and the Many Faces of Modernism: Performing Politics in Irish and Egyptian Theatre</i>. By Amina ElHalawani.
No full textStaging Revolutions and the Many Faces of Modernism: Performing Politics in Irish and Egyptian Theatre. By Amina ElHalawani. London and New York: Routledge, 2024; pp. 170 + x
From anticolonialism to decoloniality and the Lyon Institut franco-chinois
No full textNous les universitaires, conservateurs et « experts » blancs gagnons notre vie et bâtissons nos carrières en encadrant et en représentant l'Autre chinois, et nous sommes donc obligés de nous interroger sur la manière dont nous le faisons et sur l'autorité dont nous disposons pour le faire