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Approximation Algorithms Inspired by Kernelization Methods
No full textin Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 8889Kernelization algorithms in the context of Parameterized Complexity are often based on a combination of reduction rules and combinatorial insights. We will expose in this paper a similar strategy for obtaining polynomial-time approximation algorithms. Our method features the use of approximation-preserving reductions, akin to the notion of parameterized reductions. We exemplify this method to obtain the currently best approximation algorithms for Harmless Set, Differential and Multiple Nonblocker, all of them can be considered in the context of securing networks or information propagation.nonouirechercheInternationa
Discovering Characteristics that Affect Process Control Flow
No full textLecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol. 221In flexible environments like healthcare and customer service, business processes are executed with high variability. Often, this is because cases’ characteristics vary. However, it is difficult to correlate process flow with characteristics because characteristics may refer to different perspectives, their number can be real big or even because deep domain knowledge may be required to state hypotheses. The goal of this paper is to propose an effective exploratory tool for discovering the characteristics that are causing the process variation. To this end, we propose a process mining approach. First, we apply a clustering approach based on Latent Class Analysis to identify subtypes of related cases based on the case-wise process characteristics. Then, a process model is discovered for each cluster and through a model similarity step, we are able to recommend the characteristics that mostly diversify the flow. Finally, to validate our methodology, we applied it to both simulated and real datasets.nonouirechercheInternationa
Algorithmic Decision Theory Third International Conference, ADT 2013, Bruxelles, Belgium, November 13-15, 2013, Proceedings
No full textin Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8176This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed conference proceedings of the Third International Conference on Algorithmic Decision Theory, ADT 2013, held in November 2013 in Bruxelles, Belgium. The 33 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from more than 70 submissions, covering preferences in reasoning and decision making, uncertainty and robustness in decision making, multi-criteria decision analysis and optimization, collective decision making, learning and knowledge extraction for decision support.nonouirechercheInternationa
To blame or to reconcile ? Going beyond the conflicts between economics and history
No full textDans ce texte il est fait un lien entre les intentions affichées de l’auteur de The Poverty of Clio et un mouvement de contestation académique en France qui s’oppose à la domination, dans le champ de l’économie, de la pensée dite « orthodoxe ». La critique principale de Boldizzoni porte sur des arguments scientifiques mais elle semble ne pas identifier le fait que ce sont souvent des enjeux politiques (internes au monde académique, comme les gestions de carrière, ou externe, comme le choix des conseillers politiques) qui ont permis l’omniprésence de la pensée orthodoxe et son mésusage parfois observable. Les propositions purement méthodologiques de The Poverty of Clio, rejetant intégralement les méthodes orthodoxes, manquent leur cible, s’il s’agit de changer un état de fait scientifique. On peut, en revanche, mettre en lumière l’existence d’une troisième voie plus intégrative, faisant coexister différentes épistémologies.In her essay, Juliette Rouchier links the stated intentions of the author of The Poverty of Clio to a French movement of academic dissent contesting the dominance of neoclassical theory in economics. Boldizzoni grounds his criticism in scientific arguments, thereby missing the political dimensions of the discussion. One political dimension is internal to the academic environment, when career management is considered for instance; one is external, when the role of economists in political advising is considered. Both explain the dominance of neoclassical thought, and its occasional misuse. Accordingly, the arguments developed in The Poverty of Clio’, which are purely methodological and forcefully reject the neoclassical approach in any context, seem to miss the point if they are to have any effect in terms of epistemological change. One may advocate for an already existing third way, which mixes several epistemologies in order to adapt them to the issues at stake.nonouirechercheNationa
La langue française, porte ouverte sur le monde du travail
No full textConférence d'ouverture, sur invitation de l'Institut français d'Italie, Colloque co-organisé avec LEND "Langues et travail"nonouinon-rechercheInternationa
Using Equivalent Income Concept in Blood Pressure Lowering Drugs Assessment. How Include Inequality Aversion in Cost/Benefit Analysis?
No full textHealth equivalent income concept [...]nonouirechercheInternationa
Les démocraties sont-elles plus ouvertes à l’échange ?
No full textTandis que l’influence de la démocratie sur la croissance est discutée, celle de
l’ouverture commerciale est maintenant avérée. Ces conclusions conduisent à s’interroger sur
l’existence d’une relation entre la démocratie et l’ouverture, d’autant plus que les arguments
théoriques avancés, comme l’observation des expériences individuelles nationales, ne permettent
pas de trancher ce débat. Pour y répondre, l’article propose une analyse économétrique
de l’impact d’un indicateur de démocratisation sur le degré d’ouverture commerciale et
démontre l’existence d’une relation convexe entre ces deux variables. Ce résultat permet de
discuter les arguments de l’économie politique, accrédite la thèse du gradualisme et éclaire
les interactions existantes entre ouverture, croissance et démocratie.Whereas the influence of democracy on economic growth has still to be proved,
trade openness’ is now recognised. Therefore, it may be wondered if there exists a relation
between democracy and openness. Neither theoretical arguments nor individual
national experiences permit to conclude. To answer this question, an econometrical study on
the influence of democratisation on trade openness is proposed. We find a convex relation
between these two variables. Thanks to this result, the arguments given by the political economy
can be discussed, the gradualism theory is strengthened and the interaction between
democracy, growth and openness is getting clearer.nonouirechercheNationa
L’énergie est-elle un driver important de la politique étrangère américaine ?
No full textnonouirechercheNationa
GPS Traking and Surveys Analysis of Tourists' Spatio-Temporal Behaviour. The case of Alghero
No full text“Know thy tourists” is a useful maxim for any smart local government official or destination manager responsible for tourism policies. For that, position tracking technologies developed in the last decade are a valuable addition to the traditional toolbox for data collection, as they offer the opportunity to gather a great amount of unprecedented information on tourists behaviour in space and time (Shoval and Isaacson2007; Shoval et al. 2014).Until recently the most common way to study tourists’ behaviours in time and space were various methods of diary (re)construction (Shoval et al. 2014). And also, even if methods for surveying and analysing spatio-temporal behaviour are, of course, becoming highly developed in transportation research and in social sciences in general, comparatively little attention was being paid to the spatial and temporal behaviour of tourists, and systematic studies taking advantage of the technological developments offered by thehigh precision position tracking are still relatively few (Shoval and Isaacson 2007; Shoval et al. 2014, De Cantis et al. 2016, Sacerdotti et al. 2011).nonouirechercheInternationa
A study of agility competency : micro-foundations, inhibitors, and alignment between its two dynamic capabilities (sense and respond)
No full textNotre projet de recherche vise à comprendre comment les organisations peuvent s’adapter à leur environnement et le faire évoluer en tirant partie de la richesse d’informations auxquelles le marketing a accès. Pour cela, nous avons mobilisé un cadre d’analyse croisant la littérature sur l’agilité en marketing, sur les capacités dynamiques et les compétences, et sur l’apprentissage organisationnel. Grâce à une démarche abductive, qui se compose de trois études qualitatives, nous répondons à la problématique : Quelles sont les ressources, capacités et compétences qui influencent la compétence d’agilité pour le marketing ? Nos résultats mettent en évidence l’importance de facilitateurs de l’agilité en termes de structure, de culture et de technologie. Ils montrent par ailleurs que l’objectif du transfert d’informations entre les chargés d’études et le marketing opérationnel, ainsi que le degré de contrôle sur l’interprétation des informations par le marketing opérationnel influence la coordination des activités qui composent l’agilité.The aim of this project is to understand how organizations are able to adapt to their environment and to make it evolve in making use of the wealth of market information. For that purpose, we used an analytical framework based on the literature on customer agility, on dynamic capabilities and core competencies, and on organizational learning.An abductive approach based on three qualitative studies helped us answer the following research problem: What resources, capabilities and competencies influence customer agility?Our results show that micro-foundations of customer agility, in terms of structure, culture and technologies, are needed.We also show the importance of the objective of the intra-organizational transfer between market analysts and product managers and of the level of control over the receiver on the coordination of the two activities of customer agility