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Lognormal star-scale invariant random measures
No full textIn this article, we consider the continuous analog of the celebrated Mandelbrot star equation with lognormal weights. We show existence and uniqueness of measures satisfying the aforementioned continuous equation; these measures fall under the scope of the Gaussian multplicative chaos theory developped by J.P. Kahane in 1985 (or possibly extensions of this theory). As a by product, we also obtain an explicit characterization of the covariance structure of these measures. We also prove that qualitative properties such as long-range independence or isotropy can be read off the equation.ouinonouirechercheInternationa
Quantum control design by Lyapunov trajectory tracking for dipole and polarizability coupling
No full textIn this paper we analyze the Lyapunov trajectory tracking of the Schrödinger equation for a coupling control operator containing both a linear (dipole) and a quadratic (polarizability) term. We show numerically that the contribution of the quadratic part cannot be exploited by standard trajectory tracking tools and propose two improvements: discontinuous feedback and periodic (time-dependent) feedback. For both cases we present theoretical results and support them by numerical illustrations.ouinonouirechercheInternationa
Remittances and poverty : Who benefits in the household ?
No full textWe use data from a newly designed household survey in Senegal to study intrahousehold allocation of remittances income. In this survey, households are split between sub-groups of individuals, in a way that is natural to households and that corresponds to the internal budgetary arrangements found in the extended families of Senegal. We find that remittances accruing to specific individuals in the household are not completely fungible with other sources of income. In particular the school enrolment of children aged 7 to 13 is found to depend on remittances income accruing to the sub-group he/she belongs to and not on the remittances accruing to other sub-groups. Looking at total expenditures, we also find that transfers received by a sub-group are a significant determinant of its own consumption, contrarily to transfers received by other groups. This is not true for food consumption, suggesting that households tend to satisfy the basic needs of all their members.nonnonouirechercheInternationa
Strategic Sequential Voting in Multi-Issue Domains and Multiple-Election Paradoxes
No full textIn many settings, a group of agents must come to a joint decision on multipleissues. In practice, this is often done by voting on the issues in sequence. In this paper, we model sequential voting in multi-issue domains as a complete-informationextensive-form game, in which the agents are perfectly rational and their preferences are common knowledge. In each step, the voters simultaneously vote on oneissue, and the order of the issues is determined before the process. We call thismodel strategic sequential voting.We focus on domains with binary issues, so that this process leads to a uniqueoutcome under a natural solution concept. We show several multiple-election paradoxes in strategic sequential voting: there exists a profile for which the winnerunder strategic sequential voting is ranked nearly at the bottom in all votes, and thewinner is Pareto-dominated by almost every other alternative. We also show thatchanging the order of the issues cannot completely prevent such paradoxes. Wealso study paradoxes for strategic sequential voting in which the profiles satisfy domain restrictions such as separability, lexicographicity or O -legality. Finally, westudy other common voting rules (from a non-strategic perspective). For some ofthem, we show that there exist paradoxes that are similar to the multiple-electionparadoxes, and for the others, we show that there are no such paradoxes.ouinonouirechercheInternationa
Belief Update Revisited
No full textHyderabad, IndeAlthough many papers about belief update havebeen written, its precise scope still remains unclear. In this paper we aim at identifying this scope,and we show that belief update is a specific caseof feedback-free action progression. This strongconnection with the field of reasoning about actionleads us to reconsider belief update and investigatenew issues, especially reverse update, which is toregression what update is to progression.ouinonouirechercheInternationa
Les acteurs de la normalisation comptable internationale : une communauté épistémique ?
No full textL'objet de cet article est de contribuer à une meilleure connaissance des participants à la normalisation comptable internationale depuis la mise en place du nouveau dispositif en 2001. La référence aux travaux sur la place de l'expert dans l'élaboration des normes d,une part, et en matière de gouvernance transnationale d'autre part, conduit à suggérer le concept de communauté épistémique pour qualifi er les normalisateurs internationaux. Après une mise en perspective historique des institutions de la normalisation comptable internationale et une analyse des statuts de l'organisation quant aux profils requis, la pertinence de ce concept est discutée. Une analyse de la composition de certaines instances du dispositif fait ressortir la nature de l'expertise, l'existence de valeurs partagées et l'adhésion à une certaine manière de faire les normes.The purpose of this paper is to characterize the participants involved in the setting of international accounting standards since 2001. The reference to studies on the role of the expert in standard-setting on the one hand, and in the field of transnational governance on the other hand leads to suggest the concept of epistemic community in order to describe the international standard setters' community. Following a historical description of the international accounting standard-setting institutions and an analysis of the successive constitutions on the required profiles, the relevance of this concept is discussed. An analysis of the membership of some of the bodies of the international institution highlights the nature of the expertise, the existence of shared values and the adhesion to a one best way of making standards.ouinonouirechercheNationa
If These Walls Could Talk: The Mutual Construction of Organizational Space and Legitimacy
No full textOrganizational spaces project claims of organizational legitimacy while also constituting physical environments where work happens. This research questions how organizational space and legitimacy are mutually constituted over time as organizations experience shifts in work and institutional demands.Building on a qualitative case study of Paris Dauphine University, a French university founded in the late 1960s that has, since its inception, occupied the former North Atlantic Treaty Organization headquarters, we theorize the dynamic intersection of organizational space and legitimacy over time. The case study demonstrates how spatial practices of appropriation, reappropriation, and disappropriation intersect with and inform what we call “spatial legacies” that function to establish or repair an alignment between organizational space and legitimacy. Spatial practices of appropriation and reappropriation build and manipulate spatial legacies, whereas spatial practices of disappropriation attempt to break away from such legacies. Appropriation and reappropriation involve managing spatial legacies to maintain the alignment between organizational space and legitimacy claims. Disappropriation involves trying to erase or alter these legacies to realign the space to changing legitimacy claims. This research adds to the literature on sociomateriality by adopting a longitudinal perspective that highlights legacies as nondeterministic outcomes of past imbrications of the social and the material, to research on legitimacy by conceptualizing it as a sociomaterial construction, and to research on organizational spaces by revealing the institutional underpinnings of spatial transformations. This research also holds practical implications by highlighting the relationships between space as it is designed and used and an organization's legitimacy claims and by showing how claiming the immutability or flexibility of a space can be legitimizing for an organization.nonouirechercheInternationa
La diversité, un levier de performance : plaidoyer pour un management innovateur et créatif
No full textL’historicité, la contextualité et la polysémie des notions de diversité et de performance expliquent l’hétérogénéité des conclusions auxquelles aboutissent les études empiriques qui en testent la relation. Les dimensions culturelles et temporelles, le type de management adopté, les modes d’intégration professionnelle, la conjoncture et le contexte intra-organisationnel influent sur la performance des équipes diversifiées. Afin de transmuer la diversité en levier de performance, les organisations sont invitées à concevoir des politiques diversité soucieuses d’inscrire le changement dans la durée (perspective sociétale), de promouvoir un management intégrateur attentif aux dimensions culturelles et identitaires (niveau organisationnel), de développer la pratique du mentoring et du leadership (échelon individuel).The wide heterogeneity of conclusions of the studies addressing diversity and performance is well explained by the multi-meaning nature of these notions and their tight connection to the historical and environmental context. The time and culture, the management practices, the professional integration modes, the conjuncture and the inter-organisational context, as well, affect the performance of diversified teams. To make diversity a real performance vector, organisations are committed to conceive and adopt policies which inscribe the change in long-duration (societal perspective), promote integrating-management practices, sensitive to the culture and the identity of individuals (organisational level) and adopt mentoring and leadership practices (individual level).Las dimensiones culturales y temporales, el tipo de gestión adoptado las formas de inserción profesional, la coyuntura económica y el contexto interno a la organización influyen en los rendimientos de equipos diversos. Para transmutar la diversidad en palanca para los rendimientos, las organizaciones son invitadas a concebir políticas de diversidad con vistas a inscribir el cambio en el largo plazo (perspectiva en términos sociales, “societales”), promover una gestión integradora que tome en cuenta las dimensiones culturales y de identidad (nivel organizativo), desarrollar la práctica de la tutoría (mentoring) y del liderazgo (nivel individual).nonouirechercheNationa
L'impact de la croissace économique et des inégalités sur la pauvreté
No full textnonouirechercheNationa
Rendre compte de la rémunération des dirigeants : qu’attendre du say on pay ?
No full textLe say on pay, introduit en France par le code de gouvernance Afep-Medef 2013, permet aux actionnaires de s'exprimer sur la rémunération des dirigeants par un vote en assemblée générale. Cet article propose une revue des études menées dans les pays où le say on pay est en vigueur depuis plusieurs années. Les actionnaires contestent peu les rémunérations qui leur sont soumises, mais lorsqu'ils le font, la sensibilité des rémunérations à la performance de l'entreprise s'accroît. L'augmentation de l'influence des entreprises de conseil en votes et l'amélioration du dialogue entre actionnaires, administrateurs et dirigeants en amont sont les effets les plus tangibles du say on pay.The AFEP-MEDEF corporate governance code amended in 2013 introduces the say on pay principle, which grants shareholders the right to vote on executive remuneration at annual general meetings. This paper aims at reviewing the studies undertaken in countries that have established this principle for several years. Say on pay proposals are rarely voted down, but a marked increase in the sensibility of CEO pay to performance is observed for those companies that experienced high voting dissents. The major impacts of say on pay are a better dialogue between shareholders, CEOs and boards in advance of annual meetings as well as an increase in proxy advisory influence.nonouirechercheNationa