15771 research outputs found
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A partial taxonomy of judgment aggregation rules, and their properties
No full textThe literature on judgment aggregation is moving from studying impossibility results regarding aggregation rules towards studying specific judgment aggregation rules. Here we give a structured list of most rules that have been proposed and studied recently in the literature, together with various properties of such rules. We first focus on the majority-preservation property, which generalizes Condorcet-consistency, and identify which of the rules satisfy it. We study the inclusion relationships that hold between the rules. Finally, we consider two forms of unanimity, monotonicity, homogeneity, and reinforcement, and we identify which ofthe rules satisfy these properties.nonouirechercheInternationa
With or without you: Is it worthwhile for a brand to eliminate overpackaging? New insights from context effects
No full textPrevious experiments underlined the impact overpack-aging elimination on brand image and purchase intention. However, these experiments did not consider the potential effects of competitors’ strategies in terms of overpackaging when evaluating the impact of a target brand decision to eliminate overpackaging. Based on context effects and attribution theory, the present paper shows that the influence of verpackaging elimination on consumers’ response may depend on the absence vs. presence of overpackaging on the competing product. An experiment conducted among 218 consumers reveals that eliminating verpackaging can lead to a decrease in consumers’ intention to buy the product but this negative impact is no longer true: (1) when competitors are also getting rid of overpackaging; (2) among consumers that are highly concerned about the environment.nonouirechercheInternationa
A general Doob-Meyer-Mertens decomposition for g-supermartingale systems
No full textWe provide a general Doob-Meyer decomposition for g-supermartingale systems, which does not require any right-continuity on the system, nor that the filtration is quasi left-continuous. In particular, it generalizes the Doob-Meyer decomposition of Mertens [36] for classical supermartingales, as well as Peng’s [41] version for right-continuous g-supermartingales. As examples of application, we prove an optional decomposition theorem for g-supermartingale systems, and also obtain a general version of the well-known dual formulation for BSDEs with constraint on the gains-process, using very simple arguments.nonnonrechercheInternationa
The edge-recoloring cost of monochromatic and properly edge-colored paths and cycles
No full textWe introduce a number of problems regarding edge-color modifications in edge-colored graphs and digraphs. Consider a property π, a c -edge-colored graph GcGc not satisfying π, and an edge-recoloring cost matrix R=[rij]c×cR=[rij]c×c where rij≥0rij≥0 denotes the cost of changing color i of edge e to color j. Basically, in this kind of problem the idea is to change the colors of one or more edges of GcGc in order to construct a new edge-colored graph such that the total edge-recoloring cost is minimized and property π is satisfied. We also consider the destruction of potentially undesirable structures with the minimum edge-recoloring cost. In this paper, we are especially concerned with the construction and destruction of properly edge-colored and monochromatic paths, trails and cycles in graphs and digraphs. Some related problems and future directions are presented.nonouirechercheInternationa
L'image fidèle, mythe ou réalité ? L'éclairage apporté par la jurisprudence de la Cour de Justice de l'Union européenne
No full textL'image fidèle est une réalité adoptée par le droit qui consiste à définir un comportement juridique lié à la protection des tiers à l'aide d'un comportement non juridique qui est le fruit d'un art professionnel. Son expression est originale, puisqu'elle est dérogatoire.nonouinon-rechercheNationa
Garantie d'actif et de passif : la sanction du non-respect de l'obligation d'information du cessionnaire
No full textNote sous Cour de cassation, Chambre commerciale, 18 mai 2016nonouinon-rechercheNationa
Defining and computing Hausdorff distances between distributions on the real line and on the circle: link between optimal transport and morphological dilations
No full textComparing probability or possibility distributions is important in many fields of information processing under uncertainty. In this paper we address the question of defining and computing Hausdorff distances between distributions in a general sense. We propose several dilations of distributions, and exhibit some links between Lévy-Prokhorov distances and dilation-based distances. In particular, mathematical morphology provides an elegant way to deal with periodic distributions. The case of possibility distributions is addressed using fuzzy mathematical morphology. As an illustration, the proposed approaches are applied to the comparison of spatial relations between objects in an image or a video sequence, when these relations are represented as distributions.nonouirechercheInternationa
Assessing and controlling the impact of hospital capacity planning on the waiting time
No full textIn the literature, tactical plans of elective patients aim at increasing hospital efficiency through a better resource utilisation, although hospitals claim that patient satisfaction, usually measured by the waiting time, is also important. In this regard, the purpose of this paper is to show how patient satisfaction can be associated with any tactical plan, by developing a method to compute exact waiting time distributions. We also present a procedure to calculate the exact levels of resource utilisation. Therefore, with our procedures, hospital managers can determine the operational performance of their tactical plan. We then explore two strategies to improve tactical plans in terms of waiting time: slack planning and smooth allocation. A case study based on data from a Dutch cardiothoracic surgery centre shows that slack planning leads to a trade-off between waiting time and hospital efficiency. When slack planning is combined to smooth allocation, additional improvements of the waiting time can be reached.nonouirechercheInternationa
Counterproductive environmental performance displays: Lessons from the automotive sector
No full textUsing classical models of information processing and persuasion, this study examines the efficiency of European Directive 1999/94/EC, pertaining to automotive carbon emission information, as a means to encourage more sustainable consumption patterns. The Directive requires European carmakers to display their vehicles' carbon emissions prominently in advertisements. An experiment conducted with a representative sample of consumers reveals that this obligation is counterproductive among non-expert consumers. The display of environmental information might have better effects if it were to use a color-coded grading scale to help them. Beyond this recommendation, the authors discuss some implications for public policy makers.nonouirechercheInternationa
Pay-as-you-go Data Integration: Experiences and Recurring Themes
No full textLecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 9587Data integration typically seeks to provide the illusion that data from multiple distributed sources comes from a single, well managed source. Providing this illusion in practice tends to involve the design of a global schema that captures the users data requirements, followed by manual (with tool support) construction of mappings between sources and the global schema. This overall approach can provide high quality integrations but at high cost, and tends to be unsuitable for areas with large numbers of rapidly changing sources, where users may be willing to cope with a less than perfect integration. Pay-as-you-go data integration has been proposed to overcome the need for costly manual data integration. Pay-as-you-go data integration tends to involve two steps. Initialisation: automatic creation of mappings (generally of poor quality) between sources. Improvement: the obtaining of feedback on some aspect of the integration, and the application of this feedback to revise the integration. There has been considerable research in this area over a ten year period. This paper reviews some experiences with pay-as-you-go data integration, providing a framework that can be used to compare or develop pay-as-you-go data integration techniques.nonouirechercheInternationa