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A sustainable way to prevent oral diseases caused by heavy metals with phytoremediation
Full text linkSustainability, food security, and human health. This study builds on previous research [1] and explores the role
of phytoremediation, a plant-based, eco-friendly strategy in mitigating heavy metal pollution to achieve Sus
tainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being) while addressing its lesser-known implications for
oral and dental health. Through an analysis of seven key metals (copper, lead, zinc, iron, cadmium, arsenic, and
mercury), the study identifies 99 plant species classified by their lifespan, light, and water needs, emphasizing
perennials for large-scale remediation. Additionally, it highlights the impact of these metals on dental conditions
such as caries and enamel hypoplasia. By supporting the establishment of green belts around industrial zones,
this research integrates soil restoration with public health improvements, paving the way for future studies to
deepen the connections between environmental contamination, phytoremediation, and oral health
Metabolomics-Guided Discovery of Bipolarolides H−O, New Ophiobolin-Type Sesterterpenes with Antibacterial Activity from the Marine-Derived Fungus Uzbekistanica storfjordensis sp. nov.
Full text linkA marine-derived Pleosporales fungus, Uzbekistanica storfjordensis, was isolated from driftwood and described as a new species. The fungus was cultivated in liquid media and a molecular networking-driven approach was used to identify potential new secondary metabolites. The targeted compounds were isolated using preparative HPLC-MS, and through extensive spectroscopic analysis, eight new ophiobolin-type sesterterpenes, bipolarolides H–O (1–8), were identified. The absolute configurations of the compounds were determined by ECD assessment. Bipolarolide L (5), M (6), and O (8) exhibited inhibitory activity against Streptococcus agalactiae with MIC values of 86, 66, and 64 μM, respectively
The Invisibility of Working-Class Self-Representation in Literary Classrooms, with a Focus on the Romantic-Period
Full text linkThis chapter offers an overview of the representation of working-class life in the most-used teaching anthologies of the last sixty years, focusing especially on the British Romantic period. Falke reads the underrepresentation of working-class writing in this crucial period as a particularly egregious example of a pervasive trend: in the academy working people are spoken about more than listened to, more written about than seen. Contrasting Romantic-period coverage of the 1960s with today, one finds dramatic changes in the representation of women writers and writing related to slavery and orientalism, but almost no change in the representation of British working-class authors and issues. Falke emphasizes the centrality of working-class literary culture to the Romantic period and the importance of this period to the growth of working-class consciousness. She speculates about what factors might prevent working-class writing, particularly autobiographical narratives, from obtaining visibility in the academy. Discussing the innovativeness of autobiographical works by Robert Blincoe, a factory worker, and Christopher Thompson, a house painter, she suggests that a revision of our expectations for autobiography can facilitate a re-evaluation of an important body of work by working-class authors. Since the balance of genres and authors taught as representing a period reflects the ideology of the present, as well as the past, Falke argues that the virtual invisibility of class as a factor impeding access to the public sphere in the nineteenth century contributes to the ongoing occlusion of class in today’s politics of visibility
Divided Arctic in a Divided World Order
Full text linkManuscript accepted for publication in https://www.tandfonline.com/journals/rsan20.Arctic order historically, currently, and in the future, reflects world order. The idea of “Arctic exceptionalism” is not valid and is a poor guide for policy. During Cold War bipolarity, the Arctic was divided between the Soviet Arctic and the Nordic and North American Arctic. US victory and Soviet defeat in the Cold War led to US unipolarity and hegemony which was the basis for a circumpolar (including Russia) liberal (as opposed to realist) Arctic order with organizations as the Arctic Council, International Arctic Science Committee, University of the Arctic, Barents and Bering regional cooperation, all on liberal topics as science, environment, Indigenous rights, people-to-people cooperation.
US unipolarity and hegemony is slipping away to world order characteristics of continued US unipolarity and hegemony, Sino-American bipolarity in economics and S&T, and multipolarity illustrated by BRICS+. Sino-US competition and US-Russia conflict to the extent of proxywar in Ukraine reflect these changes. The Arctic, which is de facto divided between the US-led NATO-Arctic and the Russian Arctic, where Russia reaches out to the BRICS+ in diplomacy, economics, and S&T, reflect these changes to world order.
There is wishful thinking in the West of returning to post-Cold War US unipolar and hegemonic “liberal world order” or “rules-based order” and the circumpolar liberal Arctic order with it. This wish is probably unrealistic for global trends in demography, economics, S&T, legitimacy, etc. Significant conflict can be expected between the US/West and China and Russia on developments in world order, with the Global South standing by. The Arctic is likely to remain divided between the US-led NATO Arctic and the Russian Arctic seeking engagement with the BRICS+ world for the future with extremely limited cooperation and risk of spill-over from the Ukraine War and other US-Russia-China conflicts
Er vi på rett spor?
Full text linkTidligere direktør i Nordnorsk Reiseliv AS, Arne Trengereid, sa på en konferanse om besøksforvaltning i 2018: «Aldri har det vært så klart at det er uklart hvordan vi skal løse utfordringene som følger av økningen i reiselivet». Både reiselivet og friluftslivet er i vekst og mye tyder på at vi må ha et økt fokus på tilrettelegging og tiltak som begrenser uønskede konsekvenser av bruk av naturområder i Norge. Når destinasjonsselskaper, virkemiddelapparat og bedrifter lykkes i sin markedsføring, er paradoksalt nok lokale og globale natur- og miljøutfordringer blant konsekvensene. Arbeidet med besøksforvaltning som både teori- og praksisfelt må derfor bidra til å imøtekomme et økende kunnskapsbehov, og levere på nye premisser for bruk av norsk natur. Reiselivets manglende toppstyring gjør at dette må finne sin form lokalt og regionalt – et premiss som tydeliggjøres gjennom reisemålsutvalgets innstilling Leve og oppleve (Nærings- og fiskeridepartementet, 2023). På samme måte som det er uklart hvilke rammevilkår som gjelder for reiselivet i dag, er det heller ikke selvfølgelig hva besøksforvaltning er, hvorfor man skal drive med det og hvilke verdier man skal ivareta gjennom arbeidet med besøksforvaltning. Vi har i denne boka kanskje gitt noen svar, eller i det minste en høyere bevissthet om feltet
Advice from the Institute of Marine Research on anthropogenic noise in the sea - Knowledge base, assessments and advice for 2025
No full textSource at https://www.hi.no/hi.Havforskningsinstituttet gir råd for alle operasjoner til havs som involverer bruk av lydkilder eller lager lyd, samt elektromagnetiske kilder som kan påvirke marine økosystemer. Dette inkluderer vitenskapelige undersøkelser, utbygging og sprenging i sjø, seismiske og elektromagnetiske undersøkelser i forbindelse med petroleumsvirksomhet , utbygging og drift av vindkraftanlegg til havs og skip. Denne rapporten er en sammenstilling av tilgjengelig kunnskap omkring hvordan de overnevnte typer av undersjøisk støy påvirker livet i havet. Videre evalueres denne kunnskapen i lys av hvilke konsekvenser dokumenterte effekter kan gi på økosystemet. Denne rapporten er inndelt med et kapittel for hver av de overnevnte støykildene (seismikk, elektromagnetiske undersøkelser, undersjøiske sprenginger, vindkraft til havs og skip), som igjen er inndelt i delkapitler med 1) kunnskapsgrunnlag, 2) konsekvensvurdering og 3) råd. Rapporten inneholder konkrete råd fra Havforskningsinstituttet for 2025 for de ulike støykildene, bortsett fra for skipsstøy der Havforskningsinstituttet ikke har en rådgivende rolle. I tillegg inneholder rapporten en oversikt over hvor det finnes sårbare koraller i norske farvann fordi mange av operasjonene til havs som lager støy også innebærer å plassere ulike måleinstrumenter på bunn som kan føre til skade om de plasseres oppå koraller. Råd for seismikk og elektromagnetiske undersøkelser gis i form av rådgivningskart, som viser perioder og områder som bør unngås. Disse kartene inngår også i Sokkeldirektoratets meldesystem. Råd for undersjøiske sprenginger og vindkraft til havs gis i form av operasjonelle hensyn, samt hvilke sårbare områder og perioder enkelte av disse operasjonene bør unngås.The Institute of Marine Research (IMR) is responsible for providing advice on the impact of anthropogenic sound
and electromagnetic radiation on marine life. Such operations include scientific investigations, underwater
explosions, seismic and electromagnetic surveys related to petroleum activity as well as offshore wind installations
and ships. This report intends to summarize available literature on how the above-mentioned sources impact marine
life. Further, this knowledge is evaluated to show the reader the reasoning behind the advice given. This report
includes one chapter on each of those sources (seismic, underwater explosions, electromagnetic investigations, and
offshore wind), again separated into subchapters of 1) review of scientific knowledge, 2) evaluation of knowledge
and 3) advice. In addition, the report includes an overview of areas of vulnerable coral reefs in Norwegian waters. The reason for this is that many of the operations that produce sound involve placing various monitoring equipment
on the seabed, and these should not be placed in areas with corals. Hence spatial information about corals is
relevant to include here. This report includes the advice from IMR for 2025 on the following topics: seismic surveys, electromagnetic surveys, underwater explosions, and offshore wind farms. The advice for seismic and
electromagnetics surveys is given as advisory maps; showing areas and periods to avoid for these activities. These
maps are also part of the “meldesystem” of the Norwegian offshore directorate. Advice for underwater explosions
and offshore wind are given as operational guidelines as well as advice on which vulnerable areas and/or periods
where certain of these activities should be avoided
Addressing Label Shift in Distributed Learning via Entropy Regularization
Full text linkSource at https://openreview.net/forum?id=kuYxecnlv2.We address the challenge of minimizing "true risk" in multi-node distributed learning.\footnote{We use the term node to refer to a client, FPGA, APU, CPU, GPU, or worker.} These systems are frequently exposed to both inter-node and intra-node "label shifts", which present a critical obstacle to effectively optimizing model performance while ensuring that data remains confined to each node. To tackle this, we propose the Versatile Robust Label Shift (VRLS) method, which enhances the maximum likelihood estimation of the test-to-train label importance ratio. VRLS incorporates Shannon entropy-based regularization and adjusts the importance ratio during training to better handle label shifts at the test time. In multi-node learning environments, VRLS further extends its capabilities by learning and adapting importance ratios across nodes, effectively mitigating label shifts and improving overall model performance. Experiments conducted on MNIST, Fashion MNIST, and CIFAR-10 demonstrate the effectiveness of VRLS, outperforming baselines by up to 20% in imbalanced settings. These results highlight the significant improvements VRLS offers in addressing label shifts. Our theoretical analysis further supports this by establishing high-probability bounds on estimation errors
Extending the Lund-Malmö creatinine-based GFR equation to cystatin C–validation results from the European Kidney Function Consortium (EKFC) cohort of children and adults
Full text linkThe aim of the present study was to extend the creatinine-based Lund-Malmö GFR equation for use with rescaled cystatin C (r-LMRCys) and validate it against measured GFR (mGFR) in the EKFC cystatin C cohort of children (n = 2,293) and adults (n = 7,727). Rescaling was obtained by dividing each biomarker by a Q-value, representing the population-specific median biomarker level among healthy individuals. Validation included median bias/precision/accuracy (percent estimates within ±30% of mGFR, P30). Performance was compared with the EKFC-equation (EKFCCys), the CAPA cystatin C equation, the corresponding equations based on rescaled creatinine (r-LMRCr and EKFCCr) and the arithmetic mean of r-LMRCr and CAPA (r-LMRCr+CAPA), r-LMRCr and r-LMRCys (r-LMRMean), and EKFCCr and EKFCCys (EKFCMean). The overall P30 of r-LMRCys in adults was 86.2% (95% CI 85.4%-86.9%), which was 6.6 percentage points (pp; 95% CI 5.8–7.4 pp) higher than for CAPA and similar to r-LMRCr (P30 87.4%, 95% CI 86.6%−88.1%). r-LMRCys and EKFCCys exhibited similar performance both overall and across subgroups of age, sex, GFR and BMI and in children. All three arithmetic mean equations had similar P30-accuracy and generally performed better than the corresponding single-marker equations. Our results show that the Lund-Malmö GFR equation can be adapted for use with rescaled cystatin C with performance that is similar to the best-performing equations based on rescaled creatinine. The generality of the applied biomarker rescaling principle implies that the future demand for population- and biomarker-specific GFR estimating equations can be expected to decrease substantially
Vil et inngrep med 'store nok' konsekvenser kunne krenke SP artikkel 27 selv om urfolket konsulteres og gir sitt samtykke?
Full text linkHøyesterett kom i 2021 til at konsesjonen for to vindkraftverk på Fosenhalvøya
var ugyldig fordi den stred mot rettighetene som reindriftssamene
i området hadde etter FNs konvensjon om sivile og politiske rettigheter
artikkel 27. Kraftverkene var reist mot samenes vilje. Hadde situasjonen
vært en annen om samene hadde samtykket til inngrepet og deretter mottatt
monetær erstatning for tap og ulempe? I dette kapitlet drøftes det om
et inngrep som kan føre til vesentlige negative konsekvenser for urfolks
kulturutøvelse, like fullt vil være lovlig om urfolket, etter effektiv deltakelse
i beslutningsprosessen, gir sitt frie og forhåndsinformerte samtykke til
inngrepet