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The Hydrolytic Peptides of Soybean Protein Induce Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis on Human Oral Cancer Cell Line HSC-3
No full text[[abstract]]Protein hydrolysates from various sources, including tuna cooking juice, soy protein isolate, sodium caseinate, wheat gluten and skin gelatin from porcine, tilapia, halibut and milkfish were analyzed to screen their antiproliferative activities against the human oral squamous carcinoma cell line, HSC-3. The soy protein isolate was selected for further investigations based on its hydrolysates with bromelain (SB) and thermolysin (ST), showing the greatest inhibition of cell growth. The SB and ST hydrolysates showed antiproliferative activities up to 35.45-76.39% against HSC-3 cells at 72 h, and their IC50 values were 0.74 and 0.60 mg/mL, respectively. SB and ST induced cell cycle arrest in the S phase through a pathway independent of p21 and p27 protein expression. Further, ST induced the apoptosis of HSC-3 cells by downregulating expression of Bcl-2, PARP, caspase 3 and caspase 9, but an upregulating expression of p53 and cleaved caspase 3. Unlike ST, SB may induce necrosis on HSC-3 cells. Thus, soybean hydrolysates may be a good source for providing antiproliferative peptides against HSC-3, while SB and ST may have the potential to be developed as functional foods
The Latest Data Specifically Focused on Long-Term Oncologic Prognostication for Very Old Adults with Acute Vulnerable Localized Prostate Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study
No full text[[abstract]]Purpose: Few studies have evaluated the prime treatment choice for men older than 80 years with acute vulnerable localized prostate cancer (AV-LPC). Clinicians have been deeply troubled by this near end-of-life medical choice for a very specific group of patients. We compared the oncological prognostication of very old patients with AV-LPC after they underwent either radical prostatectomy (RP) or massive-dose intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) coupled with long-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) over a long-term investigation.
Methods: In this nationwide cohort study, we used the Taiwan Cancer Registry Database and retrieved information related to patients (aged ? 80 years) with AV-LPC who underwent standard RP (the RP group) or massive-dose IMRT + long-term ADT (at least 72 Gy and ADT use ?18 months; the IMRT + ADT group). After potential confounders were controlled for using propensity score matching (PSM), we utilized the Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate the oncologic prognostication.
Results: The IMRT + ADT group had a significantly higher adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for all-cause mortality (aHR, 2.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41-2.87) than the RP group. Analysis of the secondary outcomes revealed that compared with the RP group, the aHRs of biochemical failure, locoregional recurrence, and distant metastasis in the IMRT + ADT group were 1.77 (95% CI: 1.36-2.11, p < 0.0001), 1.12 (95% CI: 1.04-1.33, p < 0.0001), and 1.15 (95% CI: 1.06-1.71, p = 0.0311), respectively.
Conclusion: RP provides more favorable oncological prognostication than IMRT in very old adults with AV-LPC
兩岸電子支付比較分析-以街口支付與支付寶為例
No full text[[abstract]]隨著網路和科技的蓬勃發展，傳統金融服務採用了創新的資訊科技，使電子商務成為一種新穎的商業模式，這也打開了電子支付的市場。這使得無現金交易成為主流。因此，本研究分為兩個部分。第一部分是電子支付的歷史，討論為什麼我們需要電子支付及其當代發展，並介紹了街口支付和支付寶的形成。在第二部分中，我們通過供給，需求及其法律環境來探討中國大陸和台灣電子支付行業的現況以及發展環境。我們發現街口支付和支付寶存在明顯差異。在供應方面，支付寶的規模超過街口支付。在需求方面，支付寶的服務也優於街口支付。在法律環境中，支付寶在中國也相對較自由，這意味著支付寶的發展狀況在各個方面都優於街口支付。但是，在供給面的付款流程上，街口支付與銀行發展了更好的合作關係，而支付寶與銀行則處於對立的位置。[[abstract]]隨著網路和科技的蓬勃發展，傳統金融服務採用了創新的資訊科技，使電子商務成為一種新穎的商業模式，這也打開了電子支付的市場。這使得無現金交易成為主流。因此，本研究分為兩個部分。第一部分是電子支付的歷史，討論為什麼我們需要電子支付及其當代發展，並介紹了街口支付和支付寶的形成。在第二部分中，我們通過供給，需求及其法律環境來探討中國大陸和台灣電子支付行業的現況以及發展環境。我們發現街口支付和支付寶存在明顯差異。在供應方面，支付寶的規模超過街口支付。在需求方面，支付寶的服務也優於街口支付。在法律環境中，支付寶在中國也相對較自由，這意味著支付寶的發展狀況在各個方面都優於街口支付。但是，在供給面的付款流程上，街口支付與銀行發展了更好的合作關係，而支付寶與銀行則處於對立的位置
The Uroprotective Efficacy of Total Ginsenosides in Chinese Ginseng on Chemotherapy with Cyclophosphamide
No full text[[abstract]]Hemorrhagic cystitis is a recognizable complication of cyclophosphamide (CYP) attributable to its lively metabolite acrolein, which produces urothelial injury. The study intended to examine the uroprotective efficacy of total ginsenosides in Chinese ginseng (TGCG) in CYP-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. In total, 24 virgin female rats were randomized into four groups as follows: group 1 (control group; injected with normal saline), group 2 (injected with CYP plus a placebo with normal saline), group 3 (given CYP and TGCG (200 mg/kg)), and group 4 (given CYP and 2-mercaptoethane sulfonate sodium (Mesna, 30 mg/kg)). An evaluation by cystometry was conducted. Values of the voiding interval were assessed in anesthetized rats and histological examinations of the bladders were measured. In the cystometry analysis, the voiding interval was significantly reduced in the CYP group. TGCG and Mesna significantly increased in the voiding interval values, individually. Bladder edema and urothelial injury were examined after contact with CYP. Contrasted to the group given CYP, CYP-induced hemorrhagic cystitis, TGCG significantly increased the urothelial thickness, and significantly reduced scores of mucosal break and submucosal edema in the bladder. In conclusion, these findings mean that the treatment with TGCG in CYP rats can avoid hemorrhagic cystitis. TGCG decreases urothelial injury. TGCG may participate as the chief character of uroprotection in CYP-induced hemorrhagic cystitis
Effectiveness of Multimedia-Based Learning on the Improvement of Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavioral Intention toward COVID-19 Prevention among Nurse Aides in Taiwan: A Parallel-Interventional Study
No full text[[abstract]]Because nurse aides are one of the first-line care providers in hospitals, they should possess better knowledge, attitude, and behavioral intention toward COVID-19 during the pandemic. This study aimed to compare the improvements of COVID-19-related education on learning outcomes between multimedia-based and traditional face-to-face learning models for nurse aides. The parallel-group randomized controlled trial recruited 74 participants in both the experimental and control groups. Two 90 min interventions with the same contents, but in different ways, were delivered. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data of demographic information, knowledge, attitude, and behavioral intention toward COVID-19 before and after the interventions. Results from generalized estimation equations analysis indicated that the nurse aides in the multimedia-based learning group had greater improvement in the scores of knowledge (difference in change: 3.2, standard error: 0.97, p < 0.001), attitude (difference in change: 10.2, standard error: 2.97, p < 0.001), and behavioral intention (difference in change: 0.5, standard error: 0.04, p < 0.001) than those in the face-to-face learning group. During the outbreak of COVID-19, multimedia-based learning as an effective learning method could improve the learning outcomes related to COVID-19 and achieve learning goals without close contact
Effects of the Government Response and Community Mobility on the COVID-19 Pandemic in Southeast Asia
No full text[[abstract]]Preventive policies and mobility restrictions are believed to work for inhibiting the growth rate of COVID-19 cases; however, their effects have rarely been assessed and quantified in Southeast Asia. We aimed to examine the effects of the government responses and community mobility on the COVID-19 pandemic in Southeast Asian countries. The study extracted data from Coronavirus Government Response Tracker, COVID-19 Community Mobility Report, and Our World in Data between 1 March and 31 December 2020. The government responses were measured by containment, health, and economic support index. The community mobility took data on movement trends at six locations. Partial least square structural equation modeling was used for bi-monthly analyses in each country. Results show that the community mobility generally followed government responses, especially the containment index. The path coefficients of government responses to community mobility ranged from -0.785 to -0.976 in March to April and -0.670 to -0.932 in May to June. The path coefficients of community mobility to the COVID-19 cases ranged from -0.058 to -0.937 in March to April and from -0.059 to -0.640 in September to October. It suggests that the first few months since the mobility restriction implemented is the optimal time to control the pandemic
TPACK in Special Education Schools for SVI: A Comparative Study between Taiwanese and Chinese in-service Teachers
No full text[[abstract]]While Technological, Pedagogical, and Content Knowledge (TPACK) has been studied in many domains, its application in special education remains limited. This study examined the TPACK of in-service teachers at special education schools for students with visual impairments (SVI, N = 415) and further compared the TPACK of Taiwanese and Chinese teachers. Based on both Taiwanese and Chinese samples, we revised and validated a TPACK survey for teachers in special education schools for SVI. Results showed that special education schools for SVI teachers knew content knowledge and teaching strategies better, however, they were less knowledgeable about technological tool applications. Furthermore, Chinese teachers scored higher than Taiwanese teachers in terms of integrated knowledge (TCK/TPACK) and content knowledge and teaching strategies (CKS). Implications were put forward regarding school leadership, peer sharing, and interactions between Taiwanese and Chinese special education in-service teachers
Water-cooling Radiator for CPU with Innovative Design: Experiments and Simulation
No full text[[abstract]]A new water-cooling radiator is proposed for a CPU with an area of 28.7 mm2 and a power of
100 W. The performance was of the radiator simulated with two different types of fan blades and
compared with that of a conventional solid-cooling radiator. Then, the simulation results were
validated through an experiment in which the temperature and thermal resistance of the radiator
were measured at different fan and water pump speeds. The results showed that the thermal
resistance of the water-cooling radiator was 0.073–0.15 ℃/W at the maximum power of 100 W
and a fan speed of 1000?3000 rpm. The proposed water-cooling radiator improves the cooling
effect and has high efficiency. The heat dissipation of the CPU was improved with forwardinclined fan blades and the increased fan speed and water flow rate of the water-cooling system.
The proposed water-cooling radiator with the fan blades is expected to improve the overall
efficiency of CPUs and be applied to the manufacture of radiators for CPUs
Inequality in the utilization of breast cancer screening between women with and without disabilities in Taiwan: a propensity score-matched nationwide cohort study
No full text[[abstract]]Because of the difficulties in accessing medical care, the likelihood of receiving breast cancer screening may be low for women with disabilities. We aimed to investigate differences in the utilization of breast cancer screening among women with and without disabilities. Participants included women with and without disabilities from 2004 to 2010, and it was observed whether the participants had received a breast cancer screening during 2011 and 2012. Propensity-score matching was employed to match disabled women with non-disabled women (1:1). Data sources included the National Health Insurance Research Database, the Cancer Screening Database, and the Disability Registration File. Conditional logistic regression was performed to examine the odds ratios (ORs) that both groups would undergo breast cancer screening. The proportion of women with disabilities who received breast cancer screening was 18.33%, which was significantly lower than that of women without disabilities (25.52%) (p < 0.001). Women with dementia had the lowest probability of receiving a mammography examination (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.28-0.43), followed by those with multiple disabilities (OR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.40-0.47) and intellectual disabilities (OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.41-0.50). In conclusion, compared to women without disabilities, those with disabilities were less likely to undergo breast cancer screening
Optical coherence tomography angiography compared with optical coherence tomography for detection of early glaucoma with high myopia
No full text[[abstract]]Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic abilities of the perfusion density (PD) and structural thickness parameters in the peripapillary and macular regions measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to test if their diagnostic abilities of early glaucoma are different between highly myopic (HM) and non-highly myopic (NHM) patients. Methods: A total of 75 glaucoma patients and 65 controls were included in the analyses. The glaucoma detection abilities of macular PD and peripapillary PD, along with macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thicknesses were compared between the HM and NHM group. Diagnostic ability was assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUC) curves, adjusted by age, axial length, and signal strength. Results: The diagnostic ability of macular PD and mGCIPL thickness had no significant difference in both HM and NHM groups. However, the diagnostic ability of peripapillary PD except in the temporal section was significantly lower in the HM group than in the NHM group (all p < 0.05). The diagnostic ability of the superior, nasal, and average pRNFL thickness was also significantly lower in the HM group than in the NHM group (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that although peripapillary PD and macular PD were both significantly reduced in patients with highly myopia, the diagnostic ability of peripapillary PD in HM patients was significantly lower than that in NHM patients, while macular PD was not. Macular OCTA along with OCT imaging should be included in the imaging algorithm in early glaucoma diagnosis in highly myopic patients