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[[alternative]]Digital Transformation Strategy of Traditional Publishing Industry-Take Value Acquisition Thinking as an Example
No full text[[abstract]]回顧傳統製造業及服務業獲取利潤的經營模式，大抵脫離不了創造出價值，並將所創造的價值，透過「產品或服務」的承載型式再販售給消費者，並從終端消費者處獲取利潤。然而，在網路科技日新月異、疫情連續襲擊、產業競爭劇烈化等種種因素的影響下，市場現狀和消費者的思維皆已產生了遽變；幾乎許多行業都面臨了經營成本增加、利潤流失的困境和危機。尤其傳統出版業本身又遭受網路普及化、少子化、閱讀人口下降以及行動閱讀裝置普及的諸多影響，經營窘境更是雪上加霜。在如此急遽變動與競爭的時代，既有的企業獲利模式已然無法因應時代潮流所需，亦迫使傳統出版業必需急思轉型突圍之道。本研究以「價值獲取思維」為研究主軸，首先檢視傳統產業獲利的模式，以及傳統出版產業所面臨的危機，再進一步定義企業轉型的概念，在釐清企業轉型的邏輯概念後，引証相關探討企業轉型之專家學者的經典轉型策略，再導引出全新概念的「價值獲取思維」，並在闡述此策略模型之定義、邏輯框架和應用實例之後，將之導入傳統出版業的流程，進一步創造出一套可供產業界應用的出版業轉型策略。本研究之成果，期望能提供同業參考，一同共創出版產業之新藍海。[[abstract]]The operational models employed by traditional manufacturing and serviceindustries to generate profits largely revolve around the creation and subsequentcommercialization of value through products or services, thereby reaping benefits fromend consumers. However, under the dynamic influence of rapidly evolving internettechnologies, recurring epidemic outbreaks, and intensified industrial competition, bothmarket conditions and consumer perspectives have undergone significant and abrupttransformations. Virtually all sectors are confronted with the daunting challenges ofescalating operational costs and profit erosion. Particularly, the traditional publishingindustry has been profoundly impacted by the pervasive adoption of the internet,declining birth rates, a diminishing readership, and the pervasive presence of mobilereading devices, exacerbating the already precarious nature of its operations. In such arapidly changing and fiercely competitive era, prevailing profit models have becomeinadequate in meeting the demands of current trends, thereby compelling the traditionalpublishing industry to urgently seek novel strategies for transformation andcircumvention.This research study centers around the overarching theme of "value acquisitionmindset." It first critically examines the profit-generation models employed bytraditional industries, as well as the crises encountered by the traditional publishingsector. Subsequently, the concept of enterprise transformation is meticulously defined.Following a comprehensive elucidation of the logical constructs underlying enterprisetransformation, the study references the well-regarded transformation strategiesproposed by expert scholars in the field. This paves the way for the introduction of agroundbreaking concept: the "value acquisition mindset." The research then providesan extensive exposition on the definition, logical framework, and practical applicationsof this novel strategy model. By seamlessly integrating this innovative approach intothe processes of the traditional publishing industry, a coherent and actionable set oftransformation strategies specific to the industry is developed. The ultimate objectiveof this research is to furnish industry practitioners with valuable insights, therebycontributing to the emergence of new opportunities in the publishing sector
[[alternative]]A Research of Current Environmental Policy on the Management of Waste Disposing – An Example of Y Company
No full text[[abstract]]環境保護和可持續發展的議題日益受到重視，環保政策對於清除業者的管理至關重要。透過環保政策的執行，可以促使清除業者有效處理廢棄物並降低對環境的負面影響。本摘要將探討環保政策對Y公司管理的相關措施。本研究針對清除Y公司供應商的議價能力，環保政策也可以進行相應的管理。政府應評估當地廢棄物的產出來源數量和清理現況，了解供應商的市場規模和需求量。同時，政府的廢棄物管理政策和投入經費也是影響供應商議價能力的關鍵因素。建立合作機制和夥伴關係，能夠確保供應商提供穩定的廢棄物料源給清除Y公司。政府應加強對供應商的監管和檢查措施，確保其行為符合環境法規和標準。同時，提供技術支援和培訓，提高供應商的技術能力和管理水平。研究結果可以看出，環保政策對於清除業者Y公司的管理具有重要意義。透過技術指導和專業支援，Y公司可以確保廢棄物的妥善處理，減少對環境的影響。同時，政策支持可以幫助Y公司解決資源不足、技術瓶頸和市場競爭等問題。藉由改善資源回收物料取得和產品去化管道的不順暢情況，Y公司可以開拓更多商機並實現資源的最大化利用。隨著全球環保意識的提高和環保產業的發展，Y公司將面臨更廣闊的市場機遇，但也需努力提高競爭力，以在市場中脫穎而出。[[abstract]]The issues of environmental protection and sustainable development are increasingly being emphasized, and environmental policies are crucial for the management of waste removal companies. Through the implementation of environmental policies, waste removal companies can effectively handle waste and reduce negative impacts on the environment. This summary will explore the relevant measures of environmental policies on the management of Company Y.This study focuses on the bargaining power of Company Y's suppliers in waste removal, and environmental policies can also be managed accordingly. The government should assess the quantity and cleaning status of local waste sources, understand the market size and demand of suppliers. At the same time, the government's waste management policies and funding are also key factors affecting the bargaining power of suppliers. Establishing cooperative mechanisms and partnerships can ensure that suppliers provide a stable source of waste materials to Company Y. The government should strengthen supervision and inspection measures for suppliers to ensure their compliance with environmental regulations and standards. Additionally, providing technical support and training can enhance the technical capabilities and management level of suppliers.The research results indicate that environmental policies are of significant importance for the management of waste removal company Y. Through technical guidance and professional support, Company Y can ensure the proper handling of waste and reduce its impact on the environment. At the same time, policy support can help Company Y address issues such as resource shortages, technological bottlenecks, and market competition. By improving the smoothness of resource recycling material acquisition and product disposal channels, Company Y can explore more business opportunities and maximize resource utilization. With the increasing global environmental awareness and the development of the environmental industry, Company Y will face broader market opportunities but also needs to strive to improve competitiveness to stand out in the marke
[[alternative]]The Exploration of Consumer Behavior in Badminton Leisure Sports
No full text[[abstract]]本研究旨在針對曾有羽球運動接觸經驗的參與者，進行一深入的運動傷害調查研究。本研究的目的是探究羽球運動參與者對於運動傷害預防及處理的相關認知現況，並深入分析不同背景變數（如性別、年齡、球齡、運動傷害經驗、日常訓練狀況、運動傷害當下情況、運動傷害後的後續處置、熱身及整理運動等因素）在羽球運動傷害預防及處理認知上的差異情形。本研究共回收327份問卷，經過嚴謹的篩選與審查，有效問卷數量為300份。依據收集的數據，本研究採用描述性統計、敘述統計分析、信度分析、因素分析、T檢定以及交叉分析等統計方法，並透過可靠性統計量及項目整體統計量進行資料處理。經過資料分析，本研究得出以下結論：受訪者大部分(76.6%)都曾受過不同程度的運動傷害；主要受傷部位為腳踝(37.5%)、膝蓋(33.9%)；受傷時機為從事休閒娛樂時；受傷類型以肌肉拉傷占多數(68.1%)；同一部位曾經受過傷2次以上占多數(35.2%)；發生運動傷害的原因主要為姿勢不良(40.3%)與熱身不足(39.0%)；根據回收樣本進行統計，此運動傷害對往後生活造成影響者占多數(68.6%)，其中因運動傷害造成現在不能激烈運動比例最高(48.8%)。總的來說，本研究提供了對羽球運動參與者在運動傷害預防與處理認知上的深入了解，並揭示了不同背景變數在此認知上的差異。[[abstract]]The objective of this study is to conduct an in-depth investigation of sports injuries among participants who have had previous exposure to badminton. The aim is to explore the current understanding of injury prevention and management among these participants, and to analyze in detail the differences in understanding related to different background variables, such as gender, age, years of playing badminton, experiences with sports injuries, daily training conditions, situation at the time of injury, subsequent management post-injury, warm-up and cool-down exercises, and other factors.A total of 327 questionnaires were collected for this study. After rigorous screening and review, the number of valid questionnaires was 300. Based on the collected data, this study employed various statistical methods, including descriptive statistics, narrative statistical analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, t-tests, and cross-analysis. Data were processed using reliability statistics and overall item statistics.After data analysis, this study reaches the following conclusions: the majority of respondents (76.6%) have suffered varying degrees of sports injuries; the main injured areas are the ankle (37.5%) and knee (33.9%); injuries mostly occur during leisure activities; the majority of injuries are muscle strains (68.1%); there's a high incidence of injuries occurring more than twice in the same area (35.2%); the main causes of sports injuries are poor posture (40.3%) and insufficient warm-up (39.0%). According to the collected sample statistics, the majority (68.6%) reported that these sports injuries have had an impact on their subsequent lives, with the highest proportion (48.8%) indicating that they can no longer engage in intense sports due to sports injuries.Overall, this study provides an in-depth understanding of badminton participants' knowledge of sports injury prevention and management and reveals differences in this understanding based on different background variables
[[alternative]]Key Success Factors for Introducing Bank Credit into the Equator Principles
No full text[[abstract]]授信是一種投資行為，銀行辦理授信時需先進行徵信工作。徵信業務主要評估有五大方面即為5C：借款人品格、能力、資本、擔保品及營業情形。授信業務主要評估也有五大方面，即為5P：借款人(負責人)、資金用途因素、還款來源、債權確保及借戶展望。對跨國性企業、重大金額投資企業或者高度消耗能源的企業，原有5C及5P原則已不足評估授信綜效，因此大型國際金融機構於2003年開始以赤道原則(Equator Principles)來作為對專案融資授信之審查準則。本研究以金融業為研究對象，藉由對6位資深從業人員進行專家問卷方式，篩選出銀行授信導入赤道原則之因素構面，並以「層級分析法」分析各因素之權重，進一步歸納出銀行授信導入赤道原則之關鍵成功因素。研究結果顯示，「對A類和B類項目要進行社會和環境評估」、「制定減輕和監控環境社會風險的行動計劃和環境管理方案」、「遵守社會和環境方面的所有法律法規、行動計劃要求」、「聘請獨立的社會和環境專家來確認項目監測信息」、「根據項目潛在影響和風險程度將項目分成高、中、低三類」，為銀行企業授信導入赤道原則的前五大關鍵成功因素。根據研究結果提出以下建議：一、完善社會和環境評估機制，並遵守可持續發展原則；二、建立風險評估和監測機制，有效識別、評估和監測授信項目的環境與社會風險；三、加強內部監控和審計機制，確保作業符合社會和環境法律法規；四、聘請社會和環境專家評估項目，建立獨立審查機制確保項目監測信息客觀可靠；五、建立完善風險評估框架與監測與監督機制。[[abstract]]Credit is a form of investment and banks are required to conduct a credit assessment before granting credit. There are five main areas of credit assessment, namely the 5Cs: borrower's character, ability, capital, collateral and business. There are also five major areas of assessment for credit facilities, namely the 5Ps: the borrower (responsible person), the use of funds, the source of repayment, the security of debts and the outlook of the borrower. The 5Cs and 5Ps are no longer sufficient to assess the overall effectiveness of credit facilities for multinational corporations, major investment companies or highly energy-consuming companies. In this study, an expert questionnaire was administered to six senior practitioners in the financial industry to identify the key success factors of the Equator Principles for bank credit application. The study revealed that "social and environmental assessment of Category A and B projects", "development of action plans and environmental management programs to mitigate and monitor environmental and social risks", "compliance with all social and environmental laws and regulations, and action plan requirements", "engagement of independent social and environmental experts to validate project monitoring information", and "classification of projects into high, medium, and low risk categories based on their potential impact and risk level" are the top five critical success factors for the introduction of the Equator Principles in bank corporate lending, "Classifying projects as high, medium, or low based on their potential impact and risk level" are the top five critical success factors for banks to apply the Equator Principles to corporate credit. Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations were made: 1. improve the social and environmental assessment mechanism and comply with the principle of sustainable development; 2. establish a risk assessment and monitoring mechanism to effectively identify, assess and monitor the environmental and social risks of credit projects; 3. strengthen internal control and audit mechanisms to ensure that operations comply with social and environmental laws and regulations; 4. hire social and environmental experts to assess projects and establish an independent review mechanism Ensure that project monitoring information is objective and reliable; 5. establish a sound risk assessment framework and monitoring and supervision mechanism
[[alternative]]Discussion on Influencing Factors of Unlisted Stock Investment Behavior: Based on SOR Theory
No full text[[abstract]]本研究以未上市股票投資者為對象， S-O-R理論模型作為理論框架，探討從眾行為、信任與忠誠度影響其投資意願及投資行為之程度，並以涉入程度調節投資意願與投資行為關係。研究以問卷調查並結合訪談未上市公司的投資者及盤商，藉以探索投資者對於各項構面的回應；由於未上市股票投資屬於封閉性市場，研究相關學術文獻甚少，樣本取得不易為本研究限制；但透過調查及訪談相關人士後透過模型彙整資訊，希望結論可做為未來研究未上市公司投資之參考。本次研究總計回收58份有效問卷，經由Smart PLS及SPSS運算後，得知女性投資者佔整體67.1%，表示女性對於未上市股票投資較有興趣，測量模型之信度及收斂效度評估則分別以平均變異抽取量、組合信度、Cronbach's α、區別效度及交叉負荷進行檢測，各項檢驗指標均達標準；經模型分析則發現僅從眾行為、投資意願影響投資行為等二個假設成立，而信任、忠誠度及涉及程度則不明顯。從上結論可發現未上市股票投資者因為公司無法提供訊息，基於對資訊渴望故容易產生從眾行為，但信任及忠誠度雖成立但影響程度不明顯，涉入程度調解股票投資者之投資行為亦不明顯；未上市股票投資者對於投資的判斷及決策會有從眾行為，也會經由尋找更多資訊輔助投資決策，如果經營者能供更多有效資訊，則可以增加投資者的投資意圖及投資行為。[[abstract]]This study focuses on individual investors in unlisted stocks and uses the S-O-R theory model as the theoretical framework to investigate the extent to which herd behavior, trust, and loyalty influence their investment willingness and investment behavior. The study combines questionnaire surveys with interviews of investors and brokers in unlisted companies to explore their responses to various dimensions. Due to the closed nature of the unlisted stock market, there is limited academic literature available, making sample acquisition challenging for this study. However, through surveys and interviews with relevant individuals and by synthesizing information through the model, it is hoped that the findings can serve as a reference for future research on investments in unlisted companies.A total of 58 valid questionnaires were collected for this study. After conducting calculations using Smart PLS and SPSS, it was found that female investors accounted for 67.1% of the overall sample, indicating greater interest among women in investing in unlisted stocks. The reliability and convergent validity of the measurement model were evaluated using average variance extracted, composite reliability, Cronbach's α, discriminant validity, and cross-loadings, and all the test indicators met the standards. Through model analysis, it was found that only two hypotheses were supported: the impact of herd behavior and investment willingness on investment behavior. Trust, loyalty, and involvement level did not show significant effects. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that unlisted stock investors tend to exhibit herd behavior due to the lack of information provided by the companies. Although trust and loyalty were established, their influence was not significant, and the mediation effect of involvement level on the investors' investment behavior was not evident. Unlisted stock investors tend to engage in herd behavior in their investment judgment and decision-making and seek more information to assist in their investment decisions. Providing more effective information to investors can increase their investment intentions and investment behavior
[[alternative]]Exploring the Collaborative Relationship between Real Estate Brokerage and Escrow: Based on Professional Competence and Quality of Service
No full text[[abstract]]本研究以不動產業仲介人員為對象，探討產業轉型為包租代管產業及多角化經營之評估，以專業能力、品質服務及交易成本作為構面，透過深度訪談產業經營從業人員，後彙整探索仲介業與包租代管如何在專業能力、服務品質的強化合作創造新產業。「社會住宅包租代管」議題為近年政府推出，尚未有足夠樣本可供參考，為本研究之最大限制。本研究發現兩個產業協同合作後可產生相乘效果，促使在原有基礎上讓產業做大而達到企業成長。本研究採質化研究之深度訪談方式對不動產仲介產業轉型及多角化經營進行探討，以專業能力及服務品質分別從不動產經紀產業視角及包租代管產業經營者視角探索，發現不動產仲介產業確實面臨從業人員內外部競爭的問題，勢必拓展新的營業項目才能滿足既有從業人員之收入，本研究分別從專業能力及服務品質分別進行訪談後再結合協作合作構面進行研究，發現不動產仲介業之專業能力及服務品質可快速導入包租代管行業，故包租代管確實可為不動產仲介產業轉型之產業。[[abstract]]This study examines the transformation of the housing industry into a chartered escrow industry and the evaluation of multi-faceted operation by using professional competence, quality service, and transaction cost as the components.The issue of "social housing leasing agency" is recently introduced by the government, and there is not enough sample for reference, which is the biggest limitation of this study. This study finds that the synergy between the two industries can create a multiplier effect, which can lead to the growth of the industry based on the original foundation. This study uses qualitative research and in-depth interviews to explore the transformation and diversification of the real estate brokerage industry from the perspective of the real estate brokerage industry and from the perspective of the operators of the leasing and escrow industry. The study found that the professional competence and service quality of the real estate agency industry can be seamlessly integrated with the chartered escrow industry, so chartered escrow can indeed be a transforming industry for the real estate agency industry
[[alternative]]Investigating Public Office Employees’ Online Shopping Consumption Behavior Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior
No full text[[abstract]]網路購物因無時間及空間之限制，其便利性符合民眾忙碌生活中之需求，因而逐漸成為民眾所喜愛之購物方式。本研究以計畫行為理論為研究架構基礎，以問卷設計、統計分析，來探討公務機關員工網路購物之消費行為。研究結果顯示：一、公務機關員工網路購物之「態度」及「知覺行為控制」會正向且明顯影響其行為意圖；但「主觀規範」對網路購物之行為意圖影響並不顯著。二、公務機關員工在「態度」、「主觀規範」、「知覺行為控制」方面，不同性別並無明顯差異；但女性在「行為意圖」表現上高於男性並有達到統計上顯著差異。三、網路購物的便利性對於公務機關員工而言是最主要影響其行為態度的主因。四、由人口統計學之相關分析可發現，公務機關員工之年齡對計畫行為理論之四個構面皆呈現顯著負相關。最後本文之研究結果，對網路購物消費者未來購物及業者經營管理提供參考建議。[[abstract]]Since online shopping has no time and space constraints, and its convenience meets the needs of the people in their busy lives, it has gradually become the favorite shopping method of the people. Based on the theory of planned behavior, this study uses questionnaire design and statistical analysis to explore the online shopping consumption behavior of government agency employees. research shows:1. The "attitude" and "perceived behavioral control" of employees of government agencies online shopping will positively and significantly affect their behavioral intentions; however, "subjective norms" have no significant impact on online shopping behavioral intentions.2. There is no significant difference between genders in terms of "attitude", "subjective norms" and "perceived behavioral control" among employees of government agencies; however, women's performance in "behavior intention" is higher than that of men, and there are statistically significant differences.3. The convenience of online shopping is the most important factor affecting the behavior and attitude of employees of government agencies.4. From the correlation analysis of demographics, it can be found that the age of employees in public agencies has a significant negative correlation with the four aspects of the theory of planned behavior.Finally, the research results of this paper provide reference suggestions for online shopping consumers' future shopping and business management
Quercetin induces oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell apoptosis via the JNK activation-regulated ERK/GSK-3 alpha/beta-mediated mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway
No full text[[abstract]]Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a most common type of oral cancer. Due to its highly invasive nature and poor survival rate, the development of effective pharmacological therapeutic agents is urgently required. Quercetin (3,3',4',5,7?pentahydroxyflavone) is a polyphenolic flavonoid found in plants and is an active component of Chinese herbal medicine. The present study investigated the pharmacological effects and possible mechanisms of quercetin on apoptosis of the tongue SCC?derived SAS cell line. Following treatment with quercetin, cell viability was assessed via the MTT assay. Apoptotic and necrotic cells, mitochondrial transmembrane potential and caspase?3/7 activity were analyzed via flow cytometric analyses. A caspase?3 activity assay kit was used to detect the expression of caspase?3 activity. Western blot analysis was performed to examine the expression levels of proteins associated with the MAPKs, AMPKα, GSK3?α/β and caspase?related signaling pathways. The results revealed that quercetin induced morphological alterations and decreased the viability of SAS cells. Quercetin also increased apoptosis?related Annexin V?FITC fluorescence and caspase?3 activity, and induced mitochondria?dependent apoptotic signals, including a decrease in mitochondrial transmembrane potential and Bcl?2 protein expression, and an increase in cytosolic cytochrome c, Bax, Bak, cleaved caspase?3, cleaved caspase?7 and cleaved poly (ADP?ribose) polymerase protein expression. Furthermore, quercetin significantly increased the protein expression levels of phosphorylated (p)?ERK, p?JNK1/2 and p?GSK3?α/β, but not p?p38 or p?AMPKα in SAS cells. Pretreatment with the pharmacological JNK inhibitor SP600125 effectively reduced the quercetin?induced apoptosis?related signals, as well as p?ERK1/2 and p?GSK3?α/β protein expression. Both ERK1/2 and GSK3?α/β inhibitors, PD98059 and LiCl, respectively, could significantly prevent the quercetin?induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and GSK3?α/β, but not JNK activation. Taken together, these results suggested that quercetin may induce tongue SCC cell apoptosis via the JNK?activation?regulated ERK1/2 and GSK3?α/β?mediated mitochondria?dependent apoptotic signaling pathway