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[[alternative]]The Study on Data Hiding Schemes for Lossy Compression Images
No full text[[abstract]]在這個大數據時代，對壓縮解決方案的需求變得至關重要。 這是因為數據壓縮在傳輸和存儲方面更加高效。 有損壓縮方法為圖像壓縮提供了多種優勢。 該方法計算簡單，計算成本低廉，在低帶寬信道環境下運行，並提供高質量的圖像。 因此，許多學者熱衷於研究基於有損壓縮的圖像數據隱藏。本研究強調兩種主要的有損壓縮方法：絕對矩塊截斷編碼（AMBTC）、矢量量化（VQ）。 與數據隱藏相關的兩個最具挑戰性的問題是隱藏容量和圖像質量。 數據隱藏性能的總體趨勢是當隱藏容量較高時，圖像質量較低。 否則，當圖像質量優先時，隱藏能力是有限的。 根據目前相關研究的現狀，還沒有獲得具有高隱藏能力和圖像質量的數據隱藏方法。因此，在本論文中，開發了一種創新技術，涉及基於最高優先級設計兩個場景。 第一個案例涉及開發一種具有強大隱藏能力的數據隱藏方法。 第二種場景是設計具有最佳圖像質量的數據隱藏方法。本文提出了四種基於AMBTC的數據隱藏方法，其中包括兩種改進塊分類的方法和兩種基於AMBTC的非塊分類數據隱藏的新方案。 此外，還提出了四種基於無覆蓋AMBTC的無覆蓋數據隱藏方法。 此外，提出了一種基於VQ的數據隱藏方案。[[abstract]]The requirement for compression solutions has become essential in this age of big data. This is due to data compression being more efficient in terms of transit and storage. The lossy compression approach offers several advantages for image compression. The approach is simple to compute, has a cheap computing cost, operates in a low-bandwidth channel environment, and provides high-quality images. As a result, many academics have an enthusiasm for researching on lossy compression-based image data hiding.This study emphasizes two major lossy compression methods: Absolute Moment Block Truncation Coding (AMBTC), Vector Quantization (VQ). The two most challenging issues associated with data hiding are hiding capacity and image quality. A general trend in data hiding performance is when the hiding capacity is high, then the image quality is low. Otherwise, when image quality takes precedence, hiding capacity is limited. According to the current state of the art in the relevant study, data-hiding methods with a high hiding capacity and image quality are not obtainable.Therefore, in this dissertation, an innovative technique is developed that involves designing two scenarios based on the highest priority. The first case involves developing a data hiding method with great hiding capacity. The second scenario is the design of a data-hiding method with optimal image quality. This dissertation proposes four methods of AMBTC-based data hiding consisting of two methods for improving block classification and two novel schemes for non-block classification AMBTC-based data hiding. In addition, four proposed methods for coverless AMBTC-based coverless data hiding. Furthermore, one scheme is proposed for VQ-based data hiding
[[alternative]]Sound Source Localization Compare Analysis based on TDOA in Neural Networks and Hyperbola
No full text[[abstract]]本研究旨在比較基於到達時間差（Time Difference of Arrival，TDOA）的聲源定位方法在類神經網絡和雙曲線定位算法上的性能特性。聲源定位是一項重要的議題，可以在聲源追蹤、噪音源判定、立體聲音處理和機器人導航等領域中發揮關鍵作用。本研究採用了類神經網絡和雙曲線兩種方法進行聲源定位，並在多個聲源下進行了對比分析。本研究架構設定距離1~10公尺和方向角15, 30, 45, 60, 75度的聲源數據集進行訓練和測試。通過比較類神經網絡和雙曲線方法在不同聲源位置變化下的定位精度，並評估了它們的應用差異。類神經網絡方法在某些情況下能夠實現較高的聲源定位精度，尤其在距離較遠的情況下表現出色。而雙曲線方法在距離較近的情況下表現良好，具有較好的實用性能。本研究提供了關於基於TDOA的聲源定位方法在類神經網絡和雙曲線定位算法上的比較分析。根據實際需求和應用場景，可以選擇合適的方法來實現準確且可靠的聲源定位。未來的研究可以進一步探索不同算法的優化和改進，並建立多模式混合系統，以提高聲源定位的性能和適用性。[[abstract]]The aim of this study is to compare the performance characteristics of sound source localization methods based on Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) using two approaches: neural networks and hyperbolic curve-based algorithms. Sound source localization is an important topic that plays a crucial role in applications such as sound tracking, noise source identification, stereo sound processing, and robot navigation. This study adopts both neural network and hyperbolic curve methods for sound source localization and performs comparative analysis across multiple sound sources.The study framework includes training and testing datasets of sound sources at distances of 1-10 meters and direction angles of 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 degrees. By comparing the localization accuracy of the neural network and hyperbolic curve methods under different variations of sound source positions, their differences in applicability are evaluated.The neural network method achieves higher sound source localization accuracy in certain scenarios, particularly at longer distances, exhibiting excellent performance. On the other hand, the hyperbolic curve method performs well in proximity situations and demonstrates better practical performance.This study provides a comparative analysis of sound source localization methods based on TDOA using neural networks and hyperbolic curve. Depending on the specific requirements and application scenarios, suitable method can be chosen to achieve accurate and reliable sound source localization. Future research can further explore optimization and improvements in different algorithms and establish multi-mode hybrid systems to enhance the performance and applicability of sound source localization
[[alternative]]HOW DISTANCE LEARNING AFFECT STUDENT'S CRITICAL THINKING: THE ROLE OF SELF-EFFICACY
No full text[[abstract]]背景：學習環境從面對面學習突然轉變為遠程學習，嚴重影響學生的批判性思維能力和自我效能，而培養學生的批判性思維已成為教育界的目標。 近年來，疫情打亂了學生的面授學習狀態，批判性思維能力可能受到很大影響，尤其是對一個人內在的心智品格和批判性思維傾向的影響。 當可以通過解決各種問題來訓練或培養批判性思維技能時，可以通過檢查遠程學習中正確的確切學習過程來更好地理解批判性思維的配置目標：本研究的目的是確定遠程學習如何影響學生的批判性思維傾向，而這種傾向會受到自我效能感的調節。方法：採用定量方法和回歸分析對本研究的數據進行分析。 校園共招收了60名國際學生，要求他們填寫動機學習策略問卷（MSLQ）和批判性思維傾向量表（CTDI）問卷。結果：數據顯示學生在遠程學習中的自我效能感對批判性思維傾向有積極影響。 遠程學習對批判性思維傾向有直接影響 (B=0.234, p=0.001)，自我效能感的偏差校正自舉結果 (B=0.254, 下限置信區間 (LLCI)=0.593 上限 極限置信區間（ULCI）=0.442）說明自我效能在遠程學習與批判性思維傾向之間起中介作用。結論：本研究表明，學生的自我效能對遠程學習環境中的批判性思維傾向有影響。 即使沒有面對面的學習，批判性思維的傾向仍然會受到高等教育領域培養學生的嚴重影響。[[abstract]]Background: A sudden change of the learning environment from face-to-face to distance learning can seriously affect students’ critical thinking ability and self-efficacy while cultivating students’ critical thinking that has been set to be a goal of the education field. In recent years, the pandemic has disrupted the face-to-face learning status of students whose critical thinking skills may be greatly affected, especially for a person’s inherent qualities of mind and character and disposition of critical thinking. When the critical thinking skill can be trained or cultivated by solving various problems, the disposition of critical thinking could be more understood by examining the right exact process of learning during a distance learning Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine how a distance learning affected students' critical thinking disposition that would be moderated by self-efficacy. Method: Quantitative method and regression analysis were used to analyze the data for this research. A total of 60 international students were recruited on the campus and asked to fill out Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ)and Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CTDI)questionnaires. Result: The data show that the student’s self-efficacy in distance learning has a positive impact on the critical thinking disposition. There was a direct effect of distance learning on critical thinking disposition with (B=0.234, p=0.001), and the result of bias-corrected bootstrap of self-efficacy (B=0.254, Lower Limit Confidence Interval (LLCI )=0.593 Upper Limit Confidence Interval (ULCI)=0.442) indicates that self-efficacy had mediating effect between distance learning and critical thinking disposition. Conclusion: This study show that students’ self-efficacy has an impact on the critical thinking dispositions in the distance learning environment. Even without face-to-face learning, critical thinking disposition still can be seriously affected by cultivating students in the high education field
[[alternative]]Research on Brand Image, Customer Satisfaction and Repurchase Intention: A Case Study of Hongye Chain Breakfast Shop in Central Taiwan
No full text[[abstract]]近年來國人生活型態與消費習慣轉變，現代人生活忙碌，飲食上追求美味、快速及便利，早餐多以外食為主，早餐店業者需將品牌優化朝向多元獨特性，推出多樣化產品，透過各種的行銷方式來吸引消費者，並掌握消費者的內在需求，滿足消費者味蕾，才能達到顧客滿意度進而再次購買產品。本研究以中部地區弘爺早餐店之消費者為研究對象，探索品牌形象、顧客滿意度和再購買意願之間的關聯性，同時了解不同個人資料背景的消費者是否會在顧客滿意度和再購買意願方面呈現差異，透過統計分析和比較不同變項的消費者群體，我們可以瞭解到底哪些因素會對顧客滿意度和再購買意願產生影響，進一步探究品牌形象對顧客滿意的程度之影響、顧客滿意程度對再購意願的影響，以及品牌形象對再購意願的影響。並透過便利抽樣的方式，共發放了361位份問卷，其中有效問卷計356份，有效回收率為98.61%，後續利用SPSS 26.0統計軟體，採用描述性統計分析、信度分析、差異分析及迴歸分析等統計分析，進行數據分析與驗證研究假設。研究結果顯示出，「品牌形象」對「顧客滿意度」呈現正向顯著影響；而「顧客滿意度」對「再購意願」也呈現正向顯著影響；另，「品牌形象」對「再購意願」亦呈現正向顯著影響。最後依據研究結果，提出相關建議，後續做為企業經營管理未來產品行銷策略之參考。[[abstract]]The lifestyle and consumption habits of compatriots have changed in recent years. Modern people are busy in life, tend to pursue delicious, fast and convenient foods, and they often eat their breakfast outside. The breakfast shop operators need to optimize their brands towards diversity and uniqueness, introduce diversified products and attract consumers through various marketing methods, and grasp the internal needs of consumers, satisfy consumers' taste buds, in order to achieve customers’ satisfaction and then they will buy the products again.This study takes the consumers of Hongye breakfast shop in the central area as the research object, and explores the correlation between brand image, customer satisfaction and repurchase intention. At the same time, to understand whether consumers with different personal backgrounds will show differences in customer satisfaction and repurchase intentions or not, the study is statistically analyzing and comparing consumer groups with different variables. By doing so, we can understand which factors have an impact on customer satisfaction and repurchase intentions. The study also wants to further explore the influence of brand image on customer satisfaction, the influence of customer satisfaction on repurchase intention, and the influence of brand image on repurchase intention. Through convenience sampling, a total of 361 questionnaires were distributed. Among them, there are 356 valid questionnaires, and the effective recovery rate is 98.61%. The SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used and the descriptive statistical analysis, reliability analysis, difference analysis and regression analysis and other statistical analysis were also conducted to do data analysis and test research hypotheses.The research findings show that "brand image" has a significant positive impact on "customer satisfaction," and that "customer satisfaction" has a significant positive impact on "repurchase intention." Besides, "brand image" also has a significant positive impact on "repurchase intention". Finally, according to the research results, relevant recommendations can be provided as a reference for the business to manage the marketing strategies for their products in the future
[[alternative]]Hotel Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs Indicators to Construct Green Buildings Hotels-A Case Study Of Kloud Hotel
No full text[[abstract]]台灣觀光資源多元豐富，觀光產業是不可缺少的產業，為我國最具發展潛力產業之一。交通部觀光局為力促台灣觀光優質化發展、帶動產業轉型升級，參考聯合國世界觀光組織（UNWTO）在2017年以生態旅遊為主題下，台灣觀光產業必須務實理解全球化、數位化、在地化之發展，加上近年來，積極推動永續觀光理念，強調環境面、社會面及經濟面之永續發展（周永暉，2018），而在觀光產業發展過程中飯店產業的發展是個不可乎視的環節。然而飯店業在資源消耗與廢棄物的排放都對地球環境造成相當嚴苛的影響，故研訂「Tourism 2020臺灣永續觀光發展策略」，並案經行政院核定據以執行。在參考國際觀光發展趨勢、他國推動經驗、以及在地觀光發展現況與需求，所核定的四年觀光發展方案，計有開拓多元市場、推動國民旅遊、輔導產業轉型、發展智慧觀光、推廣體驗觀光等五大策略計畫。在 2018年檢討國際觀光發展趨勢及在地觀光發展需求後，我國推動永續觀光理念是可以逐步實現。呼應聯合國於2015年發布「2030永續發展目標」SDGs，各種相關促進環境保護與經濟發展之平衡，提升環境永續、降低環境衝擊、節能減碳、循環經濟及自然生態等環保永續相關議題，因應而生，「綠建築」就是其中一項，飯店業者要如何掌握關鍵因素使旅館能夠朝向節能、環保方向永續經營。而「綠建築」為有可實際執行的衡量指標，本研究討探各國綠建築評估及認證指標與參考文獻建立出綠建築飯店之成功關鍵因素架構。[[abstract]]This text discusses the development of sustainable tourism in Taiwan, which has become an essential industry with diverse resources. To promote the high-quality development of tourism and upgrade the industry, the Taiwan Tourism Bureau has adopted the theme of ecotourism in line with the sustainable development goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations in 2015. As part of this initiative, the hotel industry's impact on the environment is a critical area that needs to be addressed. In response to this, the Tourism 2020 Sustainable Tourism Development Strategy was created to address issues related to sustainable tourism, including energy conservation, waste reduction, and the promotion of green buildings. The strategy includes five key plans: opening up diverse markets, promoting domestic tourism, guiding industrial transformation, developing smart tourism, and promoting experiential tourism. To achieve the goal of sustainable tourism, the hotel industry must adopt green building practices. Green building is a measure of the hotel's sustainability, and it helps to conserve energy and reduce waste. Therefore, this study aims to explore the key success factors for green hotels by examining green building assessment and certification indicators in other countries and reference literature. This research will help hoteliers to develop strategies for sustainable management and become more environmentally responsible while promoting the growth of the tourism industry
[[alternative]]Case Managers' Working Experience with Drug Addiction: An Example from a Pilot Project Establishing an Integrated Drug Addiction Medical Demonstration Center
No full text[[abstract]]全球使用毒品人口比例持續增加，台灣也不例外，毒品氾濫問題已涉及國民健康及社會安全，故毒品防治工作已刻不容緩，但藥物成癮者在個人、家庭及社會等複雜因素影響下，容易造成反覆復發，因此，行政院於2017年5月11日提出「新世代反毒策略」，由五大主軸當中的戒毒處遇策略內提出「建置整合性藥癮醫療示範中心，發展轉診與分流處遇系統」，以落實依照藥物成癮個案之需求提供不同服務、促使賦歸社會、維持不再用毒狀態及提升接受專業醫療協助的涵蓋率。本研究目的為瞭解整合性藥癮醫療示範中心的個案管理師在服務藥物成癮個案的工作經驗；研究方法採用質性研究的半結構式深度訪談，收集10位現職於北部、中部及南部整合性藥癮醫療示範中心個案管理師的資料；研究結果發現3個主題為（1）藥癮個案管理師的實務困境、（2）藥癮個案管理師的適應方法、（3）整合性藥癮醫療示範中心計畫對藥癮個案產生幫助；研究建議為（1）增加專業訓練、（2）重新檢視工作內容，清楚區分臨床與行政工作，並由專人處理、（3）藥癮個案工作管理模式成為常規服務內容；上述研究發現及建議提供給未來相關單位於擬定藥物成癮個案管理計畫時參考。[[abstract]]The proportion of the world's population using drugs continues to increase, and Taiwan is no exception. The problem of drug abuse has affected national health and social security, so drug prevention and control work are urgent. Nevertheless, drug addicts are prone to relapsing due to personal, family, and social factors. Therefore, the Executive Yuan proposed the "New Generation Anti- Drug Strategy" on May 11, 2017. Among the five main axes, the drug treatment strategy proposed "establishing an integrated drug addiction medical demonstration center, developing a referral and triage treatment system ", so as to provide different services according to the needs of drug addiction cases, promote social return, maintain the state of no drug use, and increase the coverage of receiving professional medical assistance. The purpose of this study is to understand the working experience of the case managers dealing with drug addiction cases in the integrated drug addition medical demonstration center. The research method uses semi-structured in-depth interviews of qualitative research, collecting working experience of 10 case managers who are currently working in the north, central and south integrated drug addition medical demonstration centers. The results of the study found that 3 themes, which are (1) the practical difficulties of drug addiction case managers, (2) the adaptation methods of drug addiction case managers, (3) integrated drug addiction medical demonstration center project helps drug addiction cases. Suggestions of this research are (1) to increase professional training, (2) to re-examine the work content, to clear distinguish between clinical and administrative work, and to deal with by special personnel, (3) to make the drug addiction casework management mode into a routine service content. The results and suggestions of this research are provided for reference by relevant units in the future when drawing up drug addiction case management plans
[[alternative]]A Survey Study on Primary Dysmenorrhea and Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution among Junior High School Girls — A Case Study in the Changhua Area.
No full text[[abstract]]中文摘要背景：全球青少女原發性痛經盛行率高達8.8-94%，影響日常生活、學習和心理健康，了解中醫體質狀態，可個別性強化體質之健康知識及養生保健措施，有助於降低痛經罹患率及嚴重度。研究目的：本研究旨在探討國中青少女的月經身心狀況、生活習慣、痛經不適症狀及痛經嚴重程度與中醫體質相關因素。研究方法：本研究採橫斷式調查研究法，對象為彰化地區國中青少女。研究工具包括自編經期不適及中醫體質問卷。取得教育機關同意後，研究人員說明研究目的、方法並招募參與者，願參與者填寫個人及家長同意書，完成問卷。資料編碼建檔後，以SPSS 21.0版統計軟體進行資料處理和分析。研究結果：收案957人，平均年齡13.87±1.03歲，初經年齡11.81±0.97歲，有痛經605位（63.2%），無痛經352位(36.8%)。影響青少女痛經關鍵因素與年齡、初經年齡、月經持續天數、月經有血塊、吃冰冷食物、11點後睡、進補情況有關；痛經與中醫的痰瘀體質有關。影響痛經嚴重度關鍵因子：初經年齡早、月經有血塊、吃冰冷食物、11點後睡、進補情況、壓力及情緒總分較高、陽氣虛及痰瘀體質。結論：青少女痛經的發生及嚴重度與中醫體質和個人生活習慣密切相關。研究結果可供衛生主管機關、國中小健康教育領域教師及校護設計更有效的預防保健和健康策略。[[abstract]]ABSTRACTBackground: The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls worldwide is as high as 8.8-94%, affecting daily life, learning, and mental health. Understanding the individual constitution status in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) can strengthen health knowledge and self-care measures, contributing to a reduction in the incidence and severity of dysmenorrhea.Research Objective: This study aims to investigate the menstrual and physical conditions, lifestyle habits, symptoms of dysmenorrhea, and their correlation with TCM constitution-related factors among junior high school adolescent girls in the Changhua area.Research Method: This study adopts a cross-sectional survey method, targeting junior high school adolescent girls. The research tools include self-developed questionnaires on menstrual discomfort and TCM constitution. After obtaining consent from educational institutions, the researchers explain the research objectives and methods to recruit participants. Participants and their parents/guardians provide written consent and complete the questionnaires. After data coding and archiving, SPSS 21.0 statistical software is used for data processing and analysis.Research Results: There were 957 participants enrolled, with an average age of 13.87�1.03 years and an average age at menarche of 11.81�0.97 years. Among them, 605 individuals (63.2%) experienced dysmenorrhea, while 352 individuals (36.8%) did not. Key factors associated with dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls include age, age at menarche, duration of menstruation, presence of blood clots during menstruation, consumption of cold foods, bedtime before 11 PM, and supplement intake. Dysmenorrhea is related to the TCM constitution of phlegm and stasis. Key factors influencing the severity of dysmenorrhea include early age at menarche, presence of blood clots during menstruation, consumption of cold foods, bedtime before 11 PM, supplement intake, high stress and emotion scores, as well as deficiencies in yang qi and the phlegm-stasis constitution.Conclusion: The occurrence and severity of dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls are closely related to TCM constitution and individual lifestyle habits. The research results can provide valuable insights for health authorities, health education teachers in junior high schools, and school nurses to design more effective prevention and health strategies
[[alternative]]Exploring the Influence of Service Quality and Consumer Value on Revisiting Intentions in Money Safe KTV: Based on the Expectancy-Confirmation Theory
No full text[[abstract]]在面對資訊快速流通、經濟發達且繁忙的生活，對人們形成巨大且無形的壓力，因此，下班下課後的休閒生活與樂趣是現代人相當看重的一部分。此外，人與人之間的交流和感情的凝聚也是相當重要的，而KTV同時能夠滿足凝聚人們一同交流情感與釋放壓力的場域。本研究主要目的是探討KTV服務品質與消費者價值對再訪意圖之影響，透過國內外相關文獻與研究分析。本研究採問卷調查法，以消費者為研究對象，共收集125份有效問卷。資料分析結果顯示，服務品質與價值理論對消費者再訪意圖有正向之影響。研究也發現服務品質與價值理論對確認程度的影響，並透過消費者滿意度，對消費者再訪意圖有正向之影響。最後依據實證結果提供本研究結果發現與實務意函，並建議未來研究之方向。[[abstract]]In the face of rapid information dissemination, economic development, and busy lifestyles, people experience significant and intangible pressures. As a result, leisure activities and enjoyment after work or school are highly valued by modern individuals. Additionally, interpersonal communication and emotional bonding are also crucial. KTV establishments provide a venue where people can gather, communicate emotions, and release stress. The main objective of this study is to explore the influence of service quality and consumer value on revisiting intentions in KTV establishments, based on relevant literature and research analysis from both domestic and international sources. The research employed a questionnaire survey method with consumers as the research subjects, and a total of 125 valid questionnaires were collected. The data analysis results indicate that service quality and value theory have a positive impact on consumers' revisiting intentions. The study also found the influence of service quality and value theory on the level of confirmation and its positive effect on consumers' revisiting intentions through customer satisfaction. Finally, based on the empirical results, the study provides findings and practical implications and suggests directions for future researc
[[alternative]]A Study on the Panic Buying Behavior of Taiwanese Consumers during the COVID-19 Pandemic
No full text[[abstract]]過去三年新冠病毒的不斷變種，傳染性變強，傳染途徑無孔不入，讓台灣民眾在不知不覺中感染新冠病毒，何時是全球疫情的終止至今仍無答案。許多國家的防疫居家隔離政策，誘發人們進行恐慌性搶購物品行為，進而對零售市場供應體系造成不利影響。因此，本研究以行為抑制、行為抗拒和結果預期等三理論為基礎，檢驗2022年臺灣疫情大爆發期間，知覺不確定、知覺嚴重性、知覺稀缺性和疫情焦慮感等心理因素如何影響消費者的恐慌購物行為。經由結構方程模型的假說檢定結果表明，知覺稀缺性、知覺不確定和知覺嚴重性都對疫情焦慮感有顯著正向影響。但僅有知覺稀缺性與疫情焦慮感會顯著影響台灣民眾疫情期間的恐慌性購買行為。總而言之，前述調查發現可為實證文獻提供補充，且有利於政府相關單位及零售業者於未來台灣社會面臨類似危機時之政策與供應鏈策略之參考。[[abstract]]Over the past three years, the COVID-19 continuously mutated and became more contagious. People in Taiwan would be infected anytime and not know when is the end of pandemic. Home isolation policies have induced people to do panic-buying which has a negative impact on the supply system of the retail market. Therefore, based on the three theories of behavioral inhibition system theory, reactance theory, and expectancy theory, this study examines how psychological factors such as perceived uncertainty, perceived severity, perceived scarcity, and anxiety affected the panic purchasing behavior of Taiwanese people during the outbreak of the COVID-19 in 2022. The results from structural equation modeling indicate that perceived scarcity, perceived uncertainty and perceived severity are positively associated with anxiety. However, only perceived scarcity and anxiety can significantly affect the panic buying behavior of Taiwanese people. Taken together, this survey findings can provide a supplement to the literature, and are beneficial to the reference of government and retailers in terms of policies and supply chain strategies when Taiwan society faces similar crises in the future.
[[alternative]]Design of Soft Tissue Elasticity Examination Equipment: Techniques and Applications in The Clinical Scar Treatment
No full text[[abstract]]軟組織剛性是一種臨床常用的生理數值。客觀的軟組織剛性測量將有利於臨床上疾病的測量與管理。從力學的角度來看，軟組織在受到應力時使軟組織的厚度壓縮，並隨著壓縮過程彈性逐漸增大並逐漸趨近於剛體。本研究認為在不同的需求群體中，對於軟組織剛性的檢測，皆能夠協助其達成更好的健康管理。因此本研究提出了電機驅動超音波壓痕系統，一種可靠的檢測方法，以便達成能穩定檢測軟組織剛性的目的。該系統以步進馬達推進超音波探頭的形式描述軟組織厚度變化，並利用壓力傳感器紀錄計算壓力，以楊氏係數描述軟組織的剛性。具有檢測治療效果的剛性檢測效果的超音波系統。在本研究中，負壓療法對於疤痕的影響用於該設備的臨床檢測中。疤痕是以密封傷口為目的的軟組織，由膠原蛋白和彈性蛋白纖維所構成。通常比正常皮膚更厚、更脆弱，因為疤痕中的膠原蛋白和彈性蛋白纖維更薄、短促且支離破碎。因此疤痕在張力產生時很容易損壞，但疤痕脆弱問題可以通過增加拉伸強度來抵抗。拉伸強度可以表示為粘彈性，而彈性與粘彈性為正比關係。負壓療法被認為可以撫平疤痕並改善粘彈性。這項研究中使用-105、-125 和-145 mmHg三種負壓來比較粘彈性治療前後疤痕和厚度的變化。並使用B型超音波圖像測量疤痕厚度。使用電機驅動超音波壓痕系統的循環力加載測量疤痕粘彈性。在我們的研究中，疤痕厚度在所有三個負壓治療劑量中都顯著減少。與預拔罐相比，-125 mmHg 的劑量顯著增加了足跟區域 (E2) 和線性區域 (E3) 的粘彈性。根據治療前後的比率，-105 mmHg劑量對厚度的影響隨著-125 mmHg (74.5±3.3 vs. 91.3±2.2%，P < 0.001) 和-145 mmHg (74.5±3.3 vs. = 0.010)而增加 )。腳趾區域 (E1) 的粘彈性在 -125 mmHg 劑量與 -145 mmHg 劑量相比顯著降低(184.0 ± 36.0 對 413.7 ± 65.6%，P = 0.019)。正如我們的研究結果所支持的，負壓治療劑量的變化可能是疤痕治療效果的原因。對於劑量調整的結果可以使用電機驅動超音波壓痕系統檢測出差異，本研究將提供一項具有前瞻性的力學生物學紀錄測量方案。[[abstract]]Soft tissue stiffness is a widely utilized clinical physiological parameter with significant implications for disease measurement and management. From a mechanical perspective, the compression of soft tissue under stress leads to an increase in elasticity, gradually approaching a rigid body state. This study proposes the use of a motor-driven ultrasonic indentation system as a reliable method for the objective measurement of soft tissue rigidity, aiming to achieve stable and accurate assessments. The system employs a stepping motor to drive the ultrasonic probe, enabling the measurement of changes in soft tissue thickness, while a pressure sensor records and calculates the corresponding pressure. The rigidity of the soft tissue is described by Young's coefficient. The ultrasonic system possesses robust detection capabilities, which are essential for evaluating treatment effectiveness. In this particular investigation, the impact of negative pressure therapy on scarring was clinically tested using the aforementioned device. Scars, consisting of collagen and elastin fibers, serve to seal wounds, yet they tend to exhibit thinner, shorter, and fragmented fibers, rendering the skin thicker and more vulnerable compared to healthy tissue. Consequently, scars are susceptible to damage when subjected to tension, although this fragility can be mitigated by enhancing tensile strength. Tensile strength can be quantified as viscoelasticity, with elasticity being directly proportional to it. Negative pressure therapy is believed to promote scar smoothing and improve viscoelasticity. In this study, three negative pressure levels (-105, -125, and -145 mmHg) were employed to assess the changes in scar thickness and viscoelasticity before and after the treatment. B-mode ultrasound images were utilized for scar thickness measurements. The motor-driven ultrasonic indentation system facilitated the assessment of scar viscoelasticity through cyclic force loading. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in scar thickness for all three negative pressure doses. Specifically, the dose of -125 mmHg significantly increased viscoelasticity in the heel region (E2) and linear region (E3) compared to pre-cupping. By comparing the ratios before and after treatment, it was observed that the effect of the -105mmHg dose on thickness improvement surpassed that of -125 mmHg (74.5±3.3 vs. 91.3±2.2%, P < 0.001), while the -145mmHg dose exhibited similar effects (74.5±3.3 vs. = 0.010)。 Furthermore, the viscoelasticity of the toe region (E1) was significantly lower for the -125mmHg dose compared to the -145mmHg dose (184.0 ± 36.0 vs. 413.7 ± 65.6%, P = 0.019)。 These findings support the notion that varying the dose of negative pressure therapy plays a role in the treatment outcome for scars, and the motor-driven ultrasonic indentation system proves valuable in detecting such differences. Overall, this study introduces a prospective mechanobiological measurement protocol that offers valuable insights into ultrasound, soft tissue mechanical properties, scar thickness, and scar viscoelasticity