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Illustration of the process of non-symmetrical cladding ballooning near contact with the pellet
No full textDas Video ist mit der Präsentation über die Bedeutung von Temperaturgradienten in Brennelementen (30. QUENCH-Workshop, 2025) verknüpft und veranschaulicht den Prozess der nicht-symmetrischen Hüllrohraufblähung in der Nähe des Kontakts mit dem Pellet auf der Grundlage der Neutronentomographie des Hüllrohrs
Wieso der Verbrenner ohne das Elektroauto nie durchgestartet wäre (... und warum Elektro schon immer geiler war)
No full textWenn KI zur Waffe wird – Neue Dimensionen der Cyberangriffe
No full textWie schützt man unsere digitale Welt, in der Angreifer immer cleverer werden und künstliche Intelligenz das Spielfeld komplett verändert hat? In dieser Folge von „Nachgefragt – wissen wie’s läuft“ spricht Samuel Kopmann vom KIT mit Moderatorin Gabi Zachmann über die neuen Dimensionen von Cyberangriffen – und warum insbesondere Attacken aus Russland für Forschungseinrichtungen, Unternehmen und staatliche Institutionen ein enormes Risiko darstellen.
Samuel erklärt, wie moderne Angriffe funktionieren, warum KI sowohl Verteidigung als auch Angriff revolutioniert hat und wie sich Bedrohungen heute nahezu unsichtbar durch Systeme bewegen. Er zeigt, wie Forschende am Institut für Telematik versuchen, diesen Angriffen immer einen Schritt voraus zu sein – mit intelligenten Abwehrmechanismen, automatisierten Detektionsverfahren und neuen Sicherheitsarchitekturen.
Außerdem verrät er, was wir alle tun können, um uns besser zu schützen, welche Fehler Hackern das Leben leicht machen und wohin die Cybersecurity-Forschung der Zukunft steuert. Jetzt reinhören und erfahren, wie wir die unsichtbaren Gefahren im Netz erkennen – bevor sie zuschlagen
Time Restricted Eating in Alzheimer’s Disease: TREAD
No full textBackground
Time Restricted Eating (TRE) may impact cognition favorably. TRE leads to a metabolic switch from glucose to fatty acid and ketone utilization, leading to a cascade of adaptive metabolic and cellular responses. Cortical glucose uptake is decreased in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), however, ketone uptake is preserved. Little is known about the impact of TRE in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We sought to investigate the feasibility of implementing a TRE intervention among patients with MCI.
Method
Setting: Barrow Neurological Institute in Phoenix, USA. Design: Time Series design in which the participant serves as his/her own control with cognitive, behavioral and biomarker assessments at pre- and post-interventions. Intervention: 16 hours of fasting and an 8 hour eating window daily, on approximately 5 Days/week, for 3 months. Meal tracking was monitored by an app. Intended sample : 30 study participants that meet the Mayo Clinic Criteria for MCI, age 60-80 years old, BMI >18.5 and <40.0 kg/m2, and having a supportive study partner. Outcome measures for feasibility: participant recruitment and retention and metrics of acceptability, safety, and adherence to the intervention. Other outcomes: measures of attention and executive domains, behavioral measures, biomarkers (metabolic and blood based AD biomarkers) and exit surveys of a participant and partner.
Result
To date we have recruited 22 participants: 15 men, 7 women. Median age: 71 years (range 63-83). Preliminary results: participants followed the 16 hours fasting and 8 hours of eating window on 90% of the recommended 5 days/week throughout the 12-week intervention. To date, 16 participants completed the intervention and pre-and post-intervention evaluations. About 80% of participants reported that they will incorporate TRE in their life style. 42% of study partners noticed positive changes.
Conclusion
Preliminary observations from the TREAD trial indicate that a TRE intervention among patients with MCI is feasible and well-tolerated
A coupled land use change-ecohydrological model for multi-seasonal arid agricultural systems: an Egyptian case study
No full textModelling interactions between climate, water, crops, and human decision-making requires coupling of biophysical and socioeconomic processes to model outcomes and explore potential futures. This study presents a novel coupled model of land-use change and ecohydrological processes in arid agricultural systems. The model links SWAT+, which simulates ecohydrological processes, including crop growth and irrigation water use, with CRAFTY, an agent-based framework that allocates land according to agent characteristics and resource conditions. Egypt is used as a case study where climate and socioeconomic stressors constrain agricultural production. The coupling captures how shifts in potential yields, driven by elevated CO and warming, shape land-use change. Crop yields vary by crop and scenario, with the largest gains – and declines – under high-emission futures, while water use efficiency consistently improves, especially at higher CO concentrations. Relying on open global datasets, the model provides a transferable approach for exploring climate adaptation in data-scarce, water-limited regions
Investigation of the Impact of Geometrical and Operational Parameters on AC Transport Losses in HTS Pancake Coils Using Extensive FEM Simulations and Regression Analysis: Insights into Design Acceleration
No full textA Global Analysis of Cyber Threats to the Energy Sector: “Currents of Conflict” from a geopolitical perspective"
No full textThe escalating frequency and sophistication of cyber threats increased the need for their comprehensive understanding. This paper explores the intersection of geopolitical dynamics, cyber threat intelligence analysis, and advanced detection technologies, with a focus on the energy domain. We leverage generative artificial intelligence to extract and structure information from raw cyber threat descriptions, enabling enhanced analysis, which yields new insights, providing actionable information to researchers, policy makers, and cybersecurity professionals
Bi-allelic PRMT9 loss-of-function variants cause a syndromic form of intellectual disability
No full textSummary
Protein arginine methyltransferase 9 (PRMT9) is part of the PRMT family, and it is suspected to function in pathways relevant to neuro-development. It is thought to participate in alternative splicing through interactions with the splicing factor SF3B2 (SAP145). In this study, we report 26 families (35 individuals) with bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in PRMT9, implicating PRMT9 in an autosomal-
recessive human disease. Individuals primarily present with a eurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay, learning disabilities, mild to severe intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, and hypotonia. The mutation spectrum includes 26 different variants such as frameshifting indels, nonsense variants, missense variants, and two copy-number variants. Mapping of the disease-causing missense variants onto the crystal structure of PRMT9 revealed that several of the variants reside within the catalytically active module of PRMT9, likely impairing its methyltransferase activity and resulting in a loss of function. In skin fibroblasts derived from affected individuals, we observed reduced expression at the RNA and/or protein level and subsequent aberrant methylation activity. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis of fibroblasts from affected individuals indicated differential expression of genes related to intellectual disability, autism, and cilia, suggesting a role of PRMT9 during ciliogenesis. Under ciliogenesis conditions, the skin-derived fibroblasts exhibited anomalies in the length of primary cilia but normal amounts of cilia. In addition, a prmt9 knockout zebrafish model displayed abnormal social preference in adult animals. Altogether, our findings implicate bi-allelic PRMT9 loss-of-function variants as causal for neurodevelopmental disorders
Atmospheric Rivers in the Iberian Peninsula: Connection With Extratropical Fronts and Precipitation
No full textPrecipitation over the Iberian Peninsula (IP) is highly sensitive to atmospheric rivers (ARs)—long corridors of anomalous horizontal and poleward moisture transport from lower latitudes. This study aims to deepen the understanding of the mechanisms behind Iberian ARs and to quantify their contribution to precipitation over a long-term period. We identify ARs affecting the IP in the ERA5 reanalysis with a 31-km horizontal resolution and covering a 42-year period (1979–2020). Additionally, we explore their association with the fronts of extratropical cyclones. Impact on IP precipitation is evaluated using regional observational gridded products (E-OBS, IB01) and global reanalysis (ERA5). Three AR events (unnamed storm in October 1979, Storm Gong in January 2013, and Storm Ana in December 2017) were selected as case studies and analyzed in detail. During 1979–2020, the IP was affected by 580 persistent ARs (lasting at least 18 hr) with an annual mean of 13.8 ± 2.8 ARs and the northern IP coast being the most affected region. The year 2013 is marked by the highest total number of persistent ARs (20). Cold fronts were found more often in the vicinity of ARs than warm fronts. Case studies highlight changes in the relationship between ARs and fronts throughout their lifecycle. Precipitation associated with persistent ARs exhibits a strong north-south gradient in the western IP with the highest contribution to annual precipitation occurring in the northern region (∼30%). Our study demonstrates the important role of ARs in the Iberian precipitation using the latest high-resolution reanalysis and observational data