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Factores motivacionales para la implementación de redes sociales en el sector hotelero de Vietnan; y el uso y gratificación del turista
Get PDFLos sitios de redes sociales se han convertido en una de las opciones de comunicación e interacción más
destacadas, creciendo a un ritmo extraordinario entre los usuarios de Vietnam y el resto del mundo. Además de
ser una plataforma para conectar usuarios individuales, las redes sociales también son adoptadas y juegan un
papel cada vez más esencial en las actividades comerciales, incluidas las aplicaciones en las industrias de turismo
y hospitalidad. Las redes sociales son una plataforma de bajo costo, pero muy eficaz para la comunicación, el
marketing, la promoción de productos y la marca hotelera.
En Vietnam, los hoteles han adoptado ampliamente los sitios de redes sociales y sus clientes también tienen
presencia en ellos. Sin embargo, las investigaciones relacionadas con la implementación de las redes sociales
desde la perspectiva del hotel y la comprensión del comportamiento de los clientes en estos sitios no se han
llevado a cabo. Los hoteleros aún no han encontrado una referencia científica para desarrollar con éxito sus
sitios de redes sociales.
Por lo tanto, este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar los principales factores que motivan a los hoteles en
Vietnam a implementar redes sociales y los factores que influyen en el uso y la satisfacción de los turistas con
estos sitios. Para lograr el objetivo general anterior, la tesis propone tres objetivos específicos correspondientes
a los capítulos de esta investigación. El primero es identificar los factores claves que impulsan la implementación
de las redes sociales en el sector hotelero de Vietnam desde la perspectiva del gerente y el personal del hotel.
El segundo objetivo específico es determinar los factores que motivan el comportamiento de los turistas a utilizar
las redes sociales para interactuar con los hoteles en Vietnam. Finalmente, el tercer objetivo específico es conocer
los factores que influyen en la satisfacción de los turistas y sus conductas relacionadas en los sitios de redes
sociales de hoteles en Vietnam.
La metodología adoptada que pretende dar respuesta a esta investigación es la cuantitativa, basado en diferentes
modelos teóricos para proponer y probar las hipótesis y el modelo del estudio y se describe ampliamente en
cada capítulo del presente estudio.
Los resultados obtenidos a través de las diferentes técnicas han contribuido a una mejor comprensión de los
factores claves que motivan a los hoteles en Vietnam a implementar las redes sociales en sus operaciones
comerciales y los factores que influyen en el uso y satisfacción de los turistas con estos sitios. En concreto, se
determina que la aplicación de las redes sociales a las actividades empresariales del sector hotelero en Vietnam está impulsada por diversos factores del contexto tecnológico, organizacional y de entorno. Por otro lado, los
turistas también están influenciados por muchos factores diferentes en la formación de intención y luego, deciden
utilizar los sitios de redes sociales para interactuar con los hoteles como las motivaciones de la utilidad y el
disfrute percibido; la actitud, norma subjetiva y control conductual percibido; y similitud de lenguaje e interés
en estos sitios entre hoteles y turistas. Al mismo tiempo, su satisfacción está influenciada por los valores percibidos en los sitios de redes sociales del hotel, como información, entretenimiento e interacción social, lo
que promueve sus conductas relacionadas como el boca a boca, la intención de reserva y la confianza.
Los resultados muestran la importancia de la adopción de las redes sociales para los hoteles en Vietnam y
sugieren implicaciones prácticas que pueden ser relevantes para que los profesionales y gerentes hoteleros
diseñen estrategias adecuadas para conseguir a captar un mayor número de turistas en sus sitios de redes
sociales y mejorar su estrategia de marketing a través de las redes sociales, mejorando así el rendimiento
comercial.Social networking sites have become one of the most prominent communication and interaction options, growing
extraordinarily among users in Vietnam and the rest of the world. In addition to being a platform to connect
individual users, social networks are also being adopted and playing an increasingly essential role in business
activities, including applications in the tourism and hospitality industries. Social networking sites are low-cost yet
highly effective platforms for communication, marketing, product promotion, and hotel branding.
In Vietnam, hotels have widely adopted social networking sites, and their customers also have a presence on
them. However, research on social network implementation from the hotel's perspective and the understanding
of customer behavior on these sites has yet to be carried out. Hoteliers have yet to find a scientific reference to
successfully develop their social networking sites.
Therefore, this study aims to identify the main factors that motivate hotels in Vietnam to implement social
networks and the factors that influence the use and satisfaction of tourists with these sites. To achieve the above
general objective, the thesis proposes three specific objectives corresponding to the chapters of this research.
The first is to identify the key factors driving the implementation of social networking sites in the Vietnamese
hotel sector from the perspective of the hotel manager and staff. The second specific objective is to determine
the factors that motivate the behavior of tourists to use social networking sites to interact with hotels in Vietnam.
Finally, the third objective is to know the factors influencing tourists' satisfaction and related behaviors on hotel
social networking sites in Vietnam.
The adopted methodology that aims to respond to this research is quantitative, based on different theoretical
models to propose and test the study hypotheses and model, and is described extensively in each chapter of this
study.
The results obtained through the different techniques have contributed to a better understanding of the critical
factors that motivate hotels in Vietnam to implement social networks in their business operations and the factors
that influence the use and satisfaction of tourists with these sites. Specifically, it is determined that the application
of social networks to the business activities of the hotel sector in Vietnam is driven by various technological,
organizational, and environmental factors. On the other hand, tourists are also influenced by different factors in
intention formation and then decide to use social networking sites to interact with hotels, such as perceived
utility and enjoyment motivations; attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control; and similarity of
language and interest in these sites between hotels and tourists. At the same time, their satisfaction is affected
by the perceived values on the hotel's social networking sites, such as information, entertainment, and social
interaction, which promotes their related behaviors, such as word of mouth, booking intention, and trust.
The results show the importance of social network adoption for hotels in Vietnam and suggest practical
implications that may be relevant for hotel professionals and managers to design appropriate strategies to
engage more tourists on their social networking sites and improve their marketing strategy through social
networks, thus improving business performance.Economía Financiera, Contabilidad y Dirección de Operacione
Seasonal variability of scavenger visitations is independent of carrion predictability
Get PDFIn temperate regions, larger mammalian carrion naturally occurs in terrestrial landscapes as a pulsed resource towards the end of the winter through enhanced ungulate mortality due to starvation or exhaustion. The return of large carnivores in Central Europe provides carrion more equally throughout the year and the active enhancement of carrion for biodiversity by game managers has increased, raising the question of how different scavengers respond to the temporal variation in carrion supply. To address this question, we experimentally deployed 106 cervid carcasses throughout the year in a temperate forest of south-eastern Germany on two types of plots: permanent (i.e., site with multiple subsequent deployments) or random (i.e., site with unique deployment), and reported vertebrate scavenger visitations by camera trapping. Deployment on random or permanent sites did not affect carrion use by any single species. Generalized additive modelling revealed that vertebrate scavenging peaked in the winter season and summer independent of carrion supply. Still, different scavenger species showed different temporal patterns. While wild boar as ungulate omnivores did not display any seasonal patterns, avian scavengers showed significant variation in visitation rates. The mesopredator red fox consumed carrion significantly more often from late winter to summer, while pine marten was present at carrion only during winter. Finally, the specialist large carnivore Eurasian lynx, visited carrion sites most frequently in late winter and early spring. Our results suggest that global warming might impact some groups of vertebrate scavengers more strongly than others by reducing carrion availability in late winter, while returning carnivores could mitigate these impactsFunding for this study was provided by the Bavarian Forest National Park.
The authors would like to thank Martin Gahbauer, Maik Henrich, Christian Fiderer and Selina Groβe for their contribution to the data preparation used for the analysis in this study. We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Fund of the University of FreiburgCiencias Integrada
Intelligence and Spatial Intuition in the Digital Reculturation of Secondary School
Get PDFFomentar la inteligencia e intuición espacial en educación secundaria es clave para que los futuros profesionales de la arquitectura e ingeniería desarrollen sus habilidades. Los centros de educación secundaria, basándose principalmente en herramientas digitales, están trabajando en esta dirección. Sin embargo, teniendo en cuenta el rendimiento de los estudiantes de grado, aún queda margen de mejora en la adquisición de esta competencia. Los principales inconvenientes identificados en el desarrollo de la inteligencia espacial empleando herramientas digitales son la falta de desarrollo de visión espacial y de su falta de correlación con el medio físico. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la experiencia y resultados obtenidos en el programa 4º ESO+EMPRESA de la Comunidad de Madrid para fomentar la inteligencia espacial. La experiencia empleó una metodología de taller para relacionar didácticas espaciales tanto digitales como clásicas interpretado así el espacio construido y urbano. Esta actividad tuvo un desarrollo favorable por parte de los grupos de estudiantes de secundaria, en la que colaboraron también estudiantes del grado de arquitectura. Nuestros resultados muestran que el alumnado de secundaria logra correlacionar medios digitales y clásicos para comprender la relación existente entre la deambulación urbana y el diseño arquitectónico. Los resultados también confirman que la inteligencia espacial se desarrolla mejor empleando didácticas mixtas. Y se puede concluir que, para alcanzar un desarrollo espacial adecuado, las herramientas digitales han de ser complementarias a las clásicasPromoting spatial intelligence and intuition in secondary school is critical for future architecture and engineering professionals to develop their skills. Secondary schools, based mainly on digital tools, work in this direction. However, given the performance of undergraduate students, there is still room for improvement in acquiring this skill. The main drawbacks identified in developing spatial intelligence using digital tools are the need for more development of spatial vision and its lack of correlation with the physical environment. This work aims to present the experience, and results obtained in the 4º ESO+EMPRESA program of the Community of Madrid to promote spatial intelligence. The experience used a workshop methodology to relate digital and classic spatial didactics, thus interpreting the built and urban space. This activity had a favorable development among secondary school students, in which students with architecture degrees also collaborated. The results obtained in the workshop highlight that secondary school students could correlate digital and classical media to understand the relationship between urban wandering and architectural design. The workshop results confirm that using mixed spatial methods is fundamental to achieving adequate spatial development where digital tools must complement classical ones.Pedagogí
Short-term effect of attributional versus non-attributional negative normative feedback on motor tasks: A double-blind study.
Get PDFAbstract: Augmented feedback can alter motor performance. We examined if presenting attribu tional versus non-attributional negative normative feedback differently impacted short-term motor performance. With a double-blind experimental design, 49 students (36.7% female, Mage = 17.14 and SD = ±0.35) were assigned to the following two groups: G1: Attributional Negative Normative Feedback group (n = 24) and G2: Non-Attributional Negative Normative Feedback group (n = 25), with the dependent variable being the score obtained on a dart-throwing test. The results showed that those participants who received negative social comparative feedback presented in an attribu tional way (internal, controllable, and unstable) obtained higher scores in the dart throwing task than those who received negative social comparative feedback presented in a non-attributional way. Furthermore, these differences were maintained in the retention and transfer tests conducted 24 h after the practice phase. These findings have practical implications in motor behavior learning and performance.This work was partly financed by the EPIT-UHU support to the Research Group CTS-980.Psicología Clínica y ExperimentalG.I. Instituto de Desarrollo Local (HUM260
Determining the drivers of sustainable ecotourism destination competitiveness from a supply-side perspective: a case of UNESCO World Heritage Site in Sarawak, Borneo, Malaysia
Get PDFOver the last decade, a new segment of the tourism market
has been established following the shift in global visitors’
preferences. Individuals have directed their travel course
towards another form of travel, namely ecotourism.
Nonetheless, the sustainability and progression of
ecotourism destinations are often debated. This study
involves local industry players’ perspectives, primarily to
identify their perceptions towards the impacts of
destination core and supporting resources on destination
marketing efforts and destination competitiveness (DC).
This study gathered 132 valid responses and the proposed
model was evaluated using SmartPLS 4.0. Through
partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLSSEM),
the findings showed that core resources (natural
resources and cultural heritage attraction) have
substantial positive associations with destination
marketing efforts. Supporting resources (tourism
infrastructure and quality of tourism services) were found
to be significantly and positively associated with DC.
Interestingly, this study has revealed the absence of
significant relationships between destination marketing
efforts and ecotourism DC. These findings enable tourism
practitioners to better understand the impacts of
resources on sustainable development of ecotourism
competitiveness, specifically from suppliers’ perspectives.
The implications are further discussed in the paper.En la última década, se ha creado un nuevo segmento del
mercado turístico a raíz del cambio en las preferencias de los
visitantes de todo el mundo. Las personas han orientado sus
viajes hacia otra forma de turismo, el ecoturismo. No obstante,
la sostenibilidad y la progresión de los destinos ecoturísticos
suelen ser objeto de debate. Este estudio aborda las
perspectivas de los agentes del sector local, principalmente
para identificar sus percepciones sobre las repercusiones del
núcleo del destino y los recursos de apoyo en los esfuerzos de
marketing y la competitividad del destino (CD). Este estudio
reunió 132 respuestas válidas y el modelo propuesto se evaluó
mediante SmartPLS 4.0. Mediante el modelo de ecuaciones
estructurales por mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-SEM), los
resultados mostraron que los recursos básicos (recursos
naturales y atracción del patrimonio cultural) tienen
asociaciones positivas sustanciales con los esfuerzos de
marketing de los destinos. Los recursos de apoyo
(infraestructura turística y calidad de los servicios turísticos)
se asociaron significativa y positivamente con el DC.
Curiosamente, este estudio ha revelado la ausencia de
relaciones significativas entre los esfuerzos de marketing del
destino y la CD del ecoturismo. Estas conclusiones permiten a
los profesionales del turismo comprender mejor el impacto de
los recursos en el desarrollo sostenible de la competitividad del
ecoturismo, concretamente desde la perspectiva de los
proveedores. Las implicaciones se discuten con más detalle en
el documento
Diligencia debida, cadenas de actividad y sostenibilidad
Get PDFLa diligencia debida ha emergido
como obligación de prevenir, mitigar y reparar de las grandes empresas en su cadena
de actividades cuando se producen efectos
adversos sobre los derechos humanos, laborales y medioambientales, sustituyendo a la
responsabilidad social voluntaria. El análisis
de los diferentes instrumentos internacionales, regionales y nacionales nos desvelará su
vigencia, alcance y responsabilidad por su incumplimientoDue diligence has emerged as an
obligation to prevent, mitigate and repair
large companies with respect to their chain
of activities when adverse effects on human,
labor and environmental rights occur, replacing voluntary social responsibility. The analysis of the different international, regional
and national instruments will reveal their validity, scope and responsibility for non-complianc
Assesment of digital security for complexity in university students: design and validation of the Complex-DSL instrument
Get PDFEl uso de la tecnología digital es indispensable para participar en la sociedad del conocimiento, sin embargo, no existe certeza de que los estudiantes universitarios tengan la alfabetización suficiente para hacerlo de forma segura. En este artículo se elaboró, validó y analizó la confiabilidad de un instrumento para evaluar la Alfabetización en Seguridad Digital (ASD) desde el enfoque del pensamiento complejo. Participaron 15 expertos en la validación realizada por el método Delphi Digital Simplificado, en el estudio de confiabilidad colaboraron 254 estudiantes. Los resultados indican que se obtuvo un coeficiente V de Aiken superior a 0.8 para cada ítem, lo que indica una validez aceptable, respecto al análisis de confiabilidad, los ítems obtuvieron puntuaciones mayores a 0.8 en el coeficiente Omega de McDonald. Lo anterior confirma que se elaboró un instrumento válido y fiable que permite medir de forma consistente la ASDThe use of digital technology is essential to participate in the knowledge society, however, there is no certainty that university students have sufficient literacy to do so safely. In this article, the reliability of an instrument to assess Digital Security Literacy (DSL) from the complex thinking approach was developed, validated, and analyzed. 15 experts participated in the validation carried out by the Simplified Delphi Digital method, 254 students collaborated in the reliability study. The results indicate that an Aiken V coefficient greater than 0.8 was obtained for each item, which indicates acceptable validity. Regarding the reliability analysis, the items obtained scores greater than 0.8 in Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Omega coefficients. This confirms that a valid and reliable instrument was developed that allows for consistent measurement of DS
Psychological Inflexibility in Spanish Adults: Characteristics of Emotional Eating and the Healthy Eating Index
Get PDFObjective: Eating disorders form a group of syndromes characterized by eating behaviors and psychological disturbances, accompanied by changes in weight and/or social alterations. These disturbances significantly influence social functioning and quality of life. The aim is to understand the relationship between psychological inflexibility, emotional eating, and the rate of healthy eating. Methods: A total of 705 Spanish adults participated (65.2% women); the mean age was 27.21 years (SD = 10.67). The instruments used were Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, Eating and Appraisal Due to Emotions and Stress Questionnaire and the Healthy Eating Index for the Spanish population. Results: The women showed significantly higher scores in psychological inflexibility than men (p < 0.001). No differences have been described in the Emotional Eating scale (p = 0.085) differences have been reported on the Self-efficacy in Emotion – and Stress-Related Eating subscale, where men do better at managing eating (p < 0.001). Females indicate better diet quality (p < 0.001). Those who show less psychological inflexibility obtain emotional eating scores indicative of less coping with emotions through food (p < 0.001). Groups formed according to psychological inflexibility do not differ in diet quality (p = 0.898). Conclusion: The importance of psychological inflexibility is due to its role and strong association with a variety of problems related to eating
behavior, but especially because it is a construct that can be intervened upon and modified.Departamento de Psicología Clínica, Experimental y Socia
Magnetic properties of the detrital deposit of the Granite Cave (Bujaruelo Valley, Central Pyrenees)
Get PDFEn este trabajo se presentan las propiedades magnéticas analizadas en el depósito detrítico de la Cueva del Granito localizada en el valle de Bujaruelo, Zona Surpirenaica. La cueva, con un desarrollo pseudo-horizontal se abre en materiales carbonatados de edad Paleoceno-Eoceno. Dentro, aparecen diversos depósitos internos de origen químico como estalagmitas (la más antigua datada 153.6 +/- 1.2 ka, MIS6, Bartolomé et al., 2021), coladas y banderas, destacando los depósitos de la secuencia detrítica de 60 m que aparecen a lo largo de toda la cavidad. Los sedimentos están formados principalmente por arcillas, limos y arenas finamente laminados, y se diferencian tres tipos diferentes de facies, backswamps, slackwater y channel, relacionadas con los procesos de llenado y vaciado de la cavidad en respuesta a la fusión de la nieve o a precipitaciones en el pasado. Entre las estructuras sedimentarias destacan los limos finamente laminados, estratificaciones cruzadas, climbing ripples y estructuras de licuefacción, estas últimas, ligadas probablemente al aumento de carga hidrostática debido al llenado con agua de la cavidad. La concentración de los minerales ferromagnéticos varía a lo largo de la serie, disminuyendo en la parte alta. El mineral predominante parece ser magnetita (curvas termomagnéticas), aunque los valores del S-ratio indican la presencia de mineral de alta coercitividad (goetita y/o hematites). La relación de las propiedades magnéticas con el tipo de material y la información geoquímica disponible, permitirá determinar las implicaciones paleoambientales de dichos parámetros magnéticosThis work presents the magnetic properties analyzed in the detrital deposit of the Granito Cave, located in the Bujaruelo Valley,
Southpyrenean Zone. The cave has a sub-horizontal development
in carbonatic rocks of Paleocene-Eocene age. Inside, there are different deposits of chemical origin as stalagmites (the oldest is dated as
153.6 +/- 1.2 ky, MIS6, Bartolomé et al., 2021), flows and flags and a
detrital sequence of 60m along the whole cavity. The sediments are
mainly composed by clays, silts and sands and are finely laminated. Three main facies are observed, backswamps, slackwater and
channel, related to the processes of cut and fill in response to the
snow melt or precipitations. Among the sedimentary structures there are horizontal laminations, cross-bedding laminations, climbing
ripples, and liquefaction structures, the last ones probably linked
to the increase in the hydrostatic charge. The concentration of the
ferromagnetic minerals varies along the sedimentary sequence, diminishing towards the top. The main carrier seems to be magnetite
(results of the thermomagnetic curves), but the values of the S-ratio
indicate the presence of a high coercivity mineral too (goethite and/
or hematite). The relationship of the magnetic properties with the
geochemical information will help determine the paleoenvironmental implications of those magnetic parameter
Differential performance on a motor task according to the preference for task-irrelevant elements that are chosen or assigned: a randomized controlled study
Get PDFThis study explored the impact of choice and preference for what is chosen or assigned on performance on a motor task. Using an experimental design with a dart-throwing task, 90 novice
participants were randomized into four groups: Choice-Like condition, Choice-Dislike condition,
Assigned-Like condition, and Assigned-Dislike condition, resulting of the manipulation of choice
(vs. assignation) of a task-irrelevant element and preference (irrelevant element: darts color and
design). The study found that participants who were given the opportunity to choose their own
dart for a throwing task performed better than those who were not given the choice. Participants
who threw a dart they preferred also had better scores than those who threw a dart they did not
like. However, the interactive effects of choice and preference on performance were inconclusive,
and whereas being assigned with a disliked element was the worst condition for performance, and
being allowed to choose preferred elements the most facilitatory one, nothing else can be
concluded on the impact of both conditions alone or in combination. These results suggest that
both choice and preference can positively impact performance in closed motor learning tasks and
have practical applications for training and execution in athletic performance. Further investigations are warranted to delve into the interplay of choice and preference in diverse contexts
and populationsThis research was partially supported with the financial aid conceded to the “Exercise, Sport and Health Psychology” Research
Group (CTS-980) by the Junta de Andalucía (Spain).Departamento de Psicología Clínica, Experimental y Socia