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Де стародавнє дно океану?
No full textFocus:
To understand that that the ocean floor is dynamic and changes through time. Sometimes it’s far away, and sometimes much closer than we think. But where is the ocean floor?
Learning objectives:
In this activity, pupils will understand that we can find ancient ocean floors on land because of tectonic activity. NB: This will require prior planning and may not be possible if your school is too far from such tectonic formations.
Key words:
Sedimentation, sedimentary rocks, tectonics, Earth history.Фокусуємося на:
тому, щоб зрозуміти, що дно океану динамічне і змінюється з часом. Іноді воно далеко, а іноді набагато ближче, ніж ми думаємо. Але де знаходиться дно океану?
Мета навчання:
У цьому занятті учні зрозуміють, що ми можемо знайти дно стародавнього океану на суші завдяки тектонічній активності.NB: Це потребує попереднього планування та може бути неможливим, якщо ваша школа знаходиться надто далеко від таких тектонічних утворень.
Ключові слова:
Осадонакопичення, осадові породи, тектоніка, історія Земл
Скульптури форамініфер, мікро-, мейо- та макрофауни
No full textFocus:
To appreciate the biodiversity of the Arctic Ocean and ocean floor, with a particular focus on lesser-known species. What kind of micro- meio-, and macrofauna (species) live on the ocean floor and what do they look like?
Learning objectives:
In this activity, pupils will identify (one, two, or more) species living at or close to the Arctic Ocean floor and sculpt them using modelling clay. Through this activity, pupils will hopefully begin to understand difference between Arctic Ocean micro-, meio-, and macrofauna.
Key words:
Arctic ocean biodiversity, species, fauna.Фокусуємося на:
біорізноманітті Північного Льодовитого океану та його дна, приділяючи особливу увагу менш відомим видам, таким як форамініфери. Які види мікро-, мейо-, та макрофауни живуть на дні океану і як вони виглядають?
Мета навчання:
У цій вправі учні визначать (один, два або більше) види форамініфер, що живуть на дні Північного Льодовитого океану або поблизу нього, і виліплять їх за допомогою глини. Учні також зрозуміють відмінності між мікро-, мейо- та макрофауною Північного Льодовитого океану.
Ключові слова:
Форамініфери (бентосні, планктонні), біорізноманіття Північного Льодовитого океану, види, фаун
Extracts from Acta Literaria et Scientiarum Sveciæ, Volumen Quartum (1735–1739)
No full textThe file is a facsimile of extracts from the fourth volume of the Acta Literaria et Scientiarum Sveciae, comprising all articles on the aurora borealis in issues of the journal covering the years 1735 to 1739. For a detailed summary of contents, see the introduction by Per Pippin Aspaas
Boundary Aware U-Net for Glacier Segmentation
No full textLarge-scale study of glaciers improves our understanding of global glacier change and is imperative for monitoring the ecological environment, preventing disasters, and studying the effects of global climate change. Glaciers in the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) are particularly interesting as the HKH is one of the world\u27s most sensitive regions for climate change. In this work, we: (1) propose a modified version of the U-Net for large-scale, spatially non-overlapping, clean glacial ice, and debris-covered glacial ice segmentation; (2) introduce a novel self-learning boundary-aware loss to improve debris-covered glacial ice segmentation performance; and (3) propose a feature-wise saliency score to understand the contribution of each feature in the multispectral Landsat 7 imagery for glacier mapping. Our results show that the debris-covered glacial ice segmentation model trained using self-learning boundary-aware loss outperformed the model trained using dice loss. Furthermore, we conclude that red, shortwave infrared, and near-infrared bands have the highest contribution toward debris-covered glacial ice segmentation from Landsat 7 images
Simplifying Clustering with Graph Neural Networks
No full textThe objective functions used in spectral clustering are generally composed of two terms: i) a term that minimizes the local quadratic variation of the cluster assignments on the graph and; ii) a term that balances the clustering partition and helps avoiding degenerate solutions. This paper shows that a graph neural network, equipped with suitable message passing layers, can generate good cluster assignments by optimizing only a balancing term.Results on attributed graph datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in terms of clustering performance and computation time
A contrastive learning approach for individual re-identification in a wild fish population
No full textIn both terrestrial and marine ecology, physical tagging is a frequently used method to study population dynamics and behavior. However, such tagging techniques are increasingly being replaced by individual re-identification using image analysis.
This paper introduces a contrastive learning-based model for identifying individuals. The model uses the first parts of the Inception v3 network, supported by a projection head, and we use contrastive learning to find similar or dissimilar image pairs from a collection of uniform photographs. We apply this technique for corkwing wrasse, Symphodus melops, an ecologically and commercially important fish species. Photos are taken during repeated catches of the same individuals from a wild population, where the intervals between individual sightings might range from a few days to several years.
Our model achieves a one-shot accuracy of 0.35, a 5-shot accuracy of 0.56, and a 100-shot accuracy of 0.88, on our dataset
The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation as promoter of Open Research
No full textAn online interview with Ashley Farley, program officer of Knowledge and Research Services at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. As of 2023, the Gates Foundation earmarks some 8,000,000,000 US Dollars annually to its various philanthropic goals. Focusing on global health and global development, the Gates Foundation supports a wide range of research and development activities in fields such as child nutrition, family planning, eradication of poverty and diseases, etc. In this podcast, Farley explains why open research lies at the heart of the Gates Foundation’s strategies.
The Gates Foundation has been an early adopter and partner of the European Plan S initiative, which from the very start has been very well aligned to its own policies. Gates Foundation grantees are obliged to make all publications stemming from project funding available in open access, and, if possible, to archive their research datasets openly as well. The Gates Open Research Platform (a combination of a preprint-service and a megajournal) is an alternative route for grantees who do not want to publish their articles through traditional publication outlets. Accompanying datasets are stored elsewhere but with links from the platform. In addition, the non-profit organization OA.Works helps the Gates Foundation monitor that requirements are met. Among other things, OA.Works has been instrumental in setting up a Share Your Paper service to help researchers (not just grantees of the Gates Foundation) verify whether a version of their article can be legally uploaded to the Green Open Access repository Zenodo. Farley is also working directly with publishers to make sure that Gold Open Access that has been paid for is provided properly and in line with the contract. The Biden Administration recently announced a Year of Open Science in the USA. Farley sees various agencies, such as NASA, as driving forces behind this declaration. Gradually, a cultural shift is bound to take place, as prejudices towards open sharing of data, peer review reports and even grant applications will be replaced with a culture permeated by more open and transparent ways of doing research, Farley argues. She also argues strongly in favor of the Rights Retention Strategy and sees it as a way of empowering researchers by securing that they have more control of their work.
First published online January 31, 2023
«Jag er inte riktigt mig själv. Och det är jag glad för»: Kristina Lugns humor som bokstavlig språkdrakt i Hej då, ha det så bra! och «Inte alls dåligt»
No full textIn Kristina Lugn’s poetry collection Hej då, ha det så bra! (2003), as well as in the posthumous ”Inte alls dåligt” (2022), her own poetics is pushed to its extreme. The non-literality of the metaphor as well as the absurdity of the literality is laid bare. According to Lars Elleström, Lugn’s poems accentuates ”man’s concrete physical, and thus also mental, conditions” (Elleström 2006, 28). In my article, this reasoning applies not only to the bodily metaphoric, but to the entire literal language.
Ann-Helén Andersson formulates in her PhD thesis ”Jag är baserad på verkliga personer”. Ironi och röstgivande i Kristina Lugns författarskap that ”In Lugn’s texts, the comic can be seen as an element within a dominant ironic tendency.” (Andersson 2010, 115). Using Luigi Pirandello’s essay L’umorismo (1908) and the concept sentimento del contrario, I will instead argue that Lugn’s literal language, the object of my analysis, opens for a humorous, rather than ironic, effect which can make reality appear a little more tangible and graspable – in all its horrific absurdity.I Kristina Lugns diktsamling Hej då, ha det så bra! (2003) liksom i den postuma ”Inte alls dåligt” (2022) drivs den egna poetiken till sin spets. Metaforikens oegentlighet och bokstavlighetens absurditet blottas. Enligt Lars Elleström ringar Lugns dikter ”in människans konkret kroppsliga, och därmed också mentala, villkor” (Elleström 2006, 28). I min artikel gäller detta resonemang inte bara den kroppsliga metaforiken utan hela den bokstavliga språkdräkten.
Ann-Helén Andersson formulerar i sin avhandling ”Jag är baserad på verkliga personer”. Ironi och röstgivande i Kristina Lugns författarskap att ”I Lugns texter kan det komiska ses som ett element inom en dominerande ironisk tendens.” (Andersson 2010, 115). Med hjälp av Luigi Pirandellos essä L’umorismo (1908) och begreppet sentimento del contrario, kommer jag här istället argumentera för att Lugns bokstavliga språkdräkt, föremålet för min analys, öppnar för en humoristisk, snarare än ironisk, verkan som kan få verkligheten att framträda som aningen mer fattbar och gripbar – i all sin fasansfulla absurditet.I Kristina Lugns diktsamling Hej då, ha det så bra! (2003) liksom i den postuma ”Inte alls dåligt” (2022) drivs den egna poetiken till sin spets. Metaforikens oegentlighet och bokstavlighetens absurditet blottas. Enligt Lars Elleström ringar Lugns dikter ”in människans konkret kroppsliga, och därmed också mentala, villkor” (Elleström 2006, 28). I min artikel gäller detta resonemang inte bara den kroppsliga metaforiken utan hela den bokstavliga språkdräkten.
Ann-Helén Andersson formulerar i sin avhandling ”Jag är baserad på verkliga personer”. Ironi och röstgivande i Kristina Lugns författarskap att ”I Lugns texter kan det komiska ses som ett element inom en dominerande ironisk tendens.” (Andersson 2010, 115). Med hjälp av Luigi Pirandellos essä L’umorismo (1908) och begreppet sentimento del contrario, kommer jag här istället argumentera för att Lugns bokstavliga språkdräkt, föremålet för min analys, öppnar för en humoristisk, snarare än ironisk, verkan som kan få verkligheten att framträda som aningen mer fattbar och gripbar – i all sin fasansfulla absurditet
Förutsättningar och utmaningar för renskötseln i Norge, Sverige och Finland: Conditions and challenges for reindeer husbandry in Norway, Sweden and Finland
No full textThis report is based on the book "Reindeer Husbandry and Global Environmental Change - pastoralism in Fennoscandia". The book, which was published in 2022, brings together previous and new research compiled within a Nordic collaboration project, ReiGN (Reindeer husbandry in a Globalizing North), funded by NordForsk during the years 2016 – 2021. Grants from NordForsk also funded this report.
The report, published in Swedish, Norwegian, Finnish and North Sámi, summarizes some of the main results from the book. In nine chapters it describes how reindeer herding is affected by climate change, the continuous loss of reindeer grazing land and other external factors that together represent large challenges for reindeer, reindeer herders and the reindeer herding community as a whole. The report contains perspectives from many different research areas. Each chapter in the report has one or more references and links to chapters in the above mentioned book, which is freely available online (https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003118565).
The chapters in the report cover a range of different topics, like present and historical reindeer herding (Chapter 1), the genetic background of the semi-domesticated reindeer (Chapter 2), how reindeer ranges are used and how they are affected by climate change and expanding industrial development (Chapter 3), possibilities for adaptation to a warmer climate (Chapter 4), impact of large predators (Chapter 5), external and internal governance (Chapter 6), reindeer herding as subsistence (Chapter 7), the role of supplementary feeding (Chapter 8), and reindeer health and diseases in a climate perspective (Chapter 9). The report ends with some reflections over the present situation and future perspectives for reindeer herding.
The report is aimed at herders and managers, as well as other land users, authorities and policymakers who deal with natural resource management, climate and environmental issues or other matters related to reindeer herding and the use of land and water within the reindeer herding area.
Rangifer Report No 16 is the Swedish version of the report. Reports in Norwegian, Finnish and North Sámi are published as following numbers of Rangifer Report.
Eit viktig kompetanseløft for heile den kommunale helse- og omsorgstenesta: Kommunale helse- og omsorgsleiarar sine erfaringar frå deltaking i eit legevaktprosjekt
No full textThe Norwegian Directorate for Health has initiated the “Pilot emergency department” project, which is a new model for emergency services in remote areas that are struggling to secure acute medical expertise. In satellite urgent care centres, nurses carry out consultations by way of video conferencing with physicians. This study explores the participating managers’ experiences. Ten managers from five municipalities participated in qualitative interviews, supplemented with qualitative content analysis. The potential for an improvement in the expertise and recruitment of new nurses motivated the managers to participate. They viewed the project as a means to address the need to improve acute care expertise in the health and social care sector as a whole. The managers emphasised supporting the nurses for the new combined role as “satellite nurse” and regular nursing duties in the municipality. Novel forms of interdisciplinary collaboration were judged as essential for improving expertise. The managers’ impression was that the nurses found their new duties interesting, with the potential for increasing recruitment and stabilising the nursing workforce.Helsedirektoratet initierte prosjektet «Pilot legevakt», ein ny modell for akuttmedisinske tenester i rurale strøk som har vanskar med å sikre akuttmedisinsk ekspertise. På legevaktsatelitten gjennomfører sjukepleiaren konsultasjonen i videokonferanse med lege. Denne studien utforskar leiarane sine erfaringar. Ti leiarar frå fem kommunar deltok i kvalitative intervjue. Basert på intervjua vart det gjort ein kvalitativ innhaldsanalyse. Potensialet for kompetanseheving og rekruttering av nye sjukepleiarar motiverte leiarane for deltaking, og dei såg på prosjektet som eit høve til å auke akuttmedisinsk kompetanse i heile den sjukepleiefaglege tenesta i kommunen. Leiarane la vekt på å støtte sjukepleiarane i den nye kombinerte rolla som «satellittsjukepleiar» og i den ordinære rolla som sjukepleiar i kommunen. Nye former for tverrfagleg samarbeid blei vurdert som avgjerande for kompetanseheving. Leiarane sitt inntrykk var at sjukepleiarane opplevde dei nye oppgåvene som interessante, og at det ga høve til å auke rekruttering og stabilitet i sjukepleiestaben