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Leago luondu min sogalaš? Makkár gaskavuohta lea sámiin lundui ja movt gieđahallet sii dán relašuvnna?
No full textOne feature of Indigenous peoples is their close connection to nature. Sustainable use of nature or meahcci (in the Sámi language) is a central part of the way of life and cultural practice of the Sámi People. In this article, I look at five different ways to deal with nature. Firstly, an antropocentric way in which we see human beings as superior to nature. Another way involves coping with nature or birgehallat because we have survival skills and know how to read and interpret the signs of nature and the weather. As an alternative, can we talk about our relationship with nature as gulahallan (communication) or lonohallan (transaction), in other words a kind of exchange? Or are the relationships so close that they can be understood as a kind of kinship? Relationships need to be maintained if they are to last. How do elderly Sámi cope with these relationships? And what happens as people age and health challenges emerge? This study is based on a photovoice method in which 12 homebound North Sámi-speaking elderly people have photographed and created photovoices about nature.Okta álgoálbmogiid dovdomearkkain lea sin lagaš oktavuohta lundui. Meahcci ja doaimmahit guoddevaš meahcásteami leat guovddážis sámi eallinvuogis ja kultuvrralaš geavahusas. Dán artihkkalis mun guorahalan vihtta iešguđetlágan vuogi meannudit luondduin. Vuosttažettiin lea antropocena vuohki mas mii oaidnit luonddu min vuollásažžan ja ávkkálažžan jos mii sáhttit ávkkástallat ja goaridit dan. Nubbi vuohki lea birgehallat luondduin danin go mis lea birgenmáhttu ja máhttit lohkat ja dulkot luonddu- ja dálkemearkkaid. Vai atnit go mii luonddu eanet dásseárvosažžan, mainna mii sáhttit gulahallat dahje lonohallat? Vai leago nu dego bajilčállagis jearan, ahte luondu lea min sogalaš? Oktavuođaid ferte gieđahallat jus dat galget bistit. Movt hálddašit vuoras sápmelaččat dáid relašuvnnaid? Ja mii dáhpáhuvvá go boarisvuohta ja dearvvašvuođa hástalusat bohciidit? Dutkosa vuođđun lea photovoice vuohki mas 12 ruovttusorru davvisámegielat vuorasolbmo leat govven ja ráhkadan govvamuitalusaid luonddu birra
Innledning
No full textInnledning til Ottar Vol 70 Nr. 1–2 (2024): Gamledagers forestillingsverden om det nordlige: Nordområdekart fra perioden 1480–1750
Kartskapernes Norge – fra renessansens forestillingsverden til opplysningstidens grensedragninger
No full textGamle kart forteller om hva mennesker før oss trodde, visste og kunne. For Norges del forteller kartene historien om hva de lærde på kontinentet visste om oss, hvordan de så på oss og hva de interesserte seg for her i nord. Fra midten av 1700-tallet – da norske karttegnere begynte å komme ordentlig på banen – forteller kartene om hva vi visste om oss selv. Historien om kartleggingen av Europas nordligste region starter på 1400-tallet. Konteksten må vi imidlertid tilbake til antikken for å finne. 
Kontroverser og forvaltning – laksefiske, sauehold og hundekjøring i Nordreisa
No full textDenne artikkelen peker på forskjeller i forvaltningen av natur og naturpraksiser i Reisadalen, Nord-Troms; laksefisket i Reisaelva og sauebeiting og hundekjøring i Kjellerskogen. Fisket er styrt av et elvelag, i Kjellerskogen gjelder friluftsloven som gir alle tilgang til området. Elveregimet er omstridt, men akseptert, mens man i Kjellerskogen har hatt en opprivende konflikt. Artikkelen peker på forskjeller med hensyn til institusjonalisering og legitimitet, som hovedårsak
Ungdom, selvmord og suicidal overlevelse i Heine T. Bakkeids Uten puls (2006), Oliver Lovrenskis da vi var yngre (2023) og Simon Strangers 304 dager (2021)
Get PDFWhy do young people commit suicide? How does young adult fiction present teenage suicide? Suicide fiction can be simplistically defined as a literary work in which suicide constitutes the life-altering event for the character(s)’ death or survival, and for the next of kin’s challenges. This article meditates upon how the young adult novels Uten puls (2006) by Heine T. Bakkeid, da vi var yngre (2023) by Oliver Lovrenski and 304 dager (2021) by Simon Stranger present suicide, survival, and the next of kin’s experience and importance. The explorations of these young adult suicide novels are predominantly literary, although they also draw upon Durkheim’s sociology in Suicide (1897), on Freud’s psychoanalytical theory, and on Camus’ philosophical classic, The Myth of Sisyphus (1942).Hvorfor tar ungdom livet av seg? Hvordan blir ungdomsselvmord fremstilt i samtidens ungdomslitteratur? En selvmordstekst kan i sin enkleste forstand defineres som et fiktivt litteraturverk der selvmord utgjør hovedhendelsen for den suicidale personens død eller overlevelse, og for de pårørendes opplevelse og utfordringer. Denne artikkelen analyserer hvordan ungdomsromanene Uten puls (2006) av Heine T. Bakkeid, da vi var yngre (2023) av Oliver Lovrenski og 304 dager (2021) av Simon Stranger fremstiller ulike årsakssammenhenger for selvmord og overlevelse, samt pårørendes opplevelse og betydning. Analysene av disse selvmordsungdomsromanene er i all hovedsak litterære, selv om de også drar veksler på Durkheims sosiologiske betraktninger i Selvmordet (1897), Freuds psykoanalyse og Camus’ filosofiske klassiker Myten om Sisyfos (1942)
Mood and modal concord in Spanish directive clauses: An update to Faulkner (2022b)
No full textAccording to Faulkner (2022b), in the case of Spanish, “indicative directive complements are strongly preferable to subjunctive clauses when a weak necessity and teleological matrix directive embeds a modal verb of equivalent strength and type” (p. 8). She explains that the exceptionality of this phenomenon relates to both predicates being interpreted in concord with one another. Having compared and analyzed several authentic examples of mood use in this context (see Faulkner 2021b, 2022a, 2022b), she, consequently, suggests that, in spite of being labeled core selectors of the subjunctive (e.g., Villalta 2008), if a modal concord construction is to come into play, the mood of the particular directive complement is affected. However, unbeknownst to Faulkner (2022b) at the time of publishing, this symbiotic relationship between modal concord and mood is not exclusive to matrix and subordinate directives that are weak necessity (of strength) and teleological (of type). Concord readings may, in fact, be evoked in contexts in which both the matrix and embedded predicates are, for example, either deontic and strong necessity or bouletic and strong necessity. In other words, if the two expressions parallel each other in strength and priority, an indicative modal complement, interpreted in concord (or unison) with the main directive, is likely to result; and, most importantly, whether or not the two modal elements are teleological and weak necessity
Noncore datives in Basque and Spanish impersonal, passive and anticausative sentences
No full textThis paper focuses on the Basque impersonal construction, i.e. a detransitivized configuration that can convey impersonal, passive and middle readings. Although these are agentive constructions (Fernández and Berro 2021), labile change-of-state predicates in these sentences allow for a causative and an anticausative reading, enhanced by the possibility of inserting a purpose clause or a by-itself PP, respectively (Ortiz de Urbina 2003). We suggest that two distinct underlying representations with identical exponents yield these readings: (i) a defective Voice head that encodes an implicit external argument in the causative variant (Schäfer 2008; Berro et al. 2022), and (ii) an anticausative counterpart, lacking Voice altogether. We support this claim by examining the distribution of noncore dative arguments in these contexts, whose possible interpretations are (i) affected by an intentionally or naturally caused change of state, or (ii) accidental causers of this event; this phenomenon is also attested in Spanish se-passives and se-anticausatives (Cuervo 2003; Suárez-Palma 2020). Assuming that a middle applicative head introduces these arguments (Cuervo 2020), the affected reading arises when the applicative merges below vP, and the accidental causer one when it sits on top of it. Crucially, the latter is only possible in anticausative contexts, where that position is not filled by Voice; these observations from Basque mirror Suárez-Palma’s (2020) findings for Spanish. Finally, if this proposal is on the right track, future typological studies should include Basque in the list of languages showing applicative constructions (Polinsky 2024).Este artículo se centra en la construcción impersonal del euskera, es decir, una configuración detransitivizada que puede denotar lecturas impersonales, pasivas y medias. Aunque se trata de construcciones agentivas (Fernández and Berro 2021), cuando estas oraciones contienen verbos lábiles, permiten una interpretación causativa y anticausativa, que se refuerza mediante la inserción de una cláusula de propósito o el SPrep por sí mismo, respectivamente (Ortiz de Urbina 2003). Proponemos que existen dos representaciones subyacentes diferentes que favorecen estas lecturas: (i) una configuración causativa, con un núcleo Voz defectivo que codifica un argumento externo implícito (Schäfer 2008; Berro et al. 2022), y (ii) una variante inchoativa/anticausativa, sin Voz. Apoyamos esta idea examinado la distribución de dativos adicionales en estos contextos, cuyas posibles interpretaciones son (i) afectados por un cambio de estado intencional o naturalmente causado, o (ii) como causantes accidentales del mismo; este fenómeno se observa también en las oraciones pasivas reflejas y anticausativas con se del español (Cuervo 2003). Asumiendo que un núcleo aplicativo medio introduce estos argumentos (Cuervo 2020), la interpretación de afectado surge cuando el aplicativo se ensambla por debajo de vP, mientras que la de causante accidental cuando lo hace por encima. Crucialmente, esta última solo es posible en contextos anticausativos, cuando Voz no ocupa dicha posición; estas observaciones del euskera coinciden con los resultados de Suárez-Palma (2020) para el español. Finalmente, si esta propuesta no va desencaminada, el euskera deberá incluirse entre las demás lenguas que admiten construcciones aplicativas en futuros estudios tipológicos (Polinsky 2024)
¿Son las categorías léxicas tan discretas como parece? Lo que confirman y lo que descartan las evidencias desde los trastornos del lenguaje
No full textUno de los debates centrales en la lingüística actual gira en torno a la consideración de las categorías gramaticales de nombre y verbo como discretas o graduales. En este trabajo, parto de las evidencias sobre la adquisición, el procesamiento y la producción de estas dos clases léxicas en hablantes sanos y hablantes con trastornos para defender que, desde el punto de vista neurocognitivo, se trata de categorías discretas. Además, analizo el tipo de condicionamiento de la disociación categorial con el fin de defender que la procedimentalización de la función lingüística a lo largo de la vida conduce a la generación de la naturaleza gramatical-semántica de las clases léxicas. Para ello, reviso y analizo los resultados de una serie de trabajos experimentales, de naturaleza sobre todo neurofuncional y neurocognitiva, que me permiten comparar la disociación categorial y su disociación causativa en niños, adultos y mayores sanos y con diferentes tipos de trastornos de naturaleza cognitiva (TEL, TEA; afasias; DS y EA). La conclusión principal de mi trabajo es que nombre y verbo son categorías gramaticales discretas en términos neurocognitivos, que desarrollan gradualidad gramatical-semántica con la procedimentalización de la función del lenguajeUno de los debates centrales en la lingüística actual gira en torno a la consideración de las categorías gramaticales de nombre y verbo como discretas o graduales. En este trabajo, parto de las evidencias sobre la adquisición, el procesamiento y la producción de estas dos clases léxicas en hablantes sanos y hablantes con trastornos para defender que, desde el punto de vista neurocognitivo, se trata de categorías discretas. Además, analizo el tipo de condicionamiento de la disociación categorial con el fin de defender que la procedimentalización de la función lingüística a lo largo de la vida conduce a la generación de la naturaleza gramatical-semántica de las clases léxicas. Para ello, reviso y analizo los resultados de una serie de trabajos experimentales, de naturaleza sobre todo neurofuncional y neurocognitiva, que me permiten comparar la disociación categorial y su disociación causativa en niños, adultos y mayores sanos y con diferentes tipos de trastornos de naturaleza cognitiva (TEL, TEA; afasias; DS y EA). La conclusión principal de mi trabajo es que nombre y verbo son categorías gramaticales discretas en términos neurocognitivos, que desarrollan gradualidad gramatical-semántica con la procedimentalización de la función del lenguaje
Application of the Precautionary Approach to the Management of Marine Mammals in northern Canada
No full textCanada is committed to managing its resources using a Precautionary Approach (PA). However, when applying this approach to Arctic marine mammals, the Government of Canada must also respect the land claims agreements it has signed with Canada’s Inuit. Under these agreements the co-management boards are responsible for wildlife management within the land claim area. In addition to protecting the rights of hunters to harvest, the land claims agreements also call for the development of management systems that respect the principles of conservation and ensure sustainability of the resource, potentially resulting in a management paradox. We present criteria by which the status of a population can be assessed, and an appropriate PA framework applied. If sufficient data are available to understand the population dynamics of a given stock (i.e., a Data Rich situation), management decisions can be based upon an appropriate population model with quantitatively estimated reference levels. In cases where the population dynamics are poorly understood (i.e., Data Poor), a more conservative approach, referred to as the Potential Biological Removal (PBR) should be used to provide advice on sustainable harvest levels. Generally, only the most recent estimate of abundance is used in the PBR calculation which may ignore other data. We propose that if sufficient data are available to fit a population model, while still not sufficient to be considered Data Rich, the modelled estimate of current abundance can be used for a more robust PBR estimate. We also review guidelines for the choice of the recovery factor which is part of the PBR calculation. The apparent management paradox can be addressed within the context of a Management Procedure or Management Strategy Evaluation where Indigenous Knowledge and Western Science can contribute to setting management objectives, decision rules and appropriate time-frames that can be evaluated within a simulation environment.
Running a Diamond Open Access Journal (and Surviving It): How can we avoid (self-)exploitation and ensure professional publishing without recurring to APCs and similar evils?
No full textThe workshop is predominantly directed at editors, editorial board members, publishers, and administrators of academic open access journals. During a 90-minutes session, we will offer a venue for discussing key challenges to, and possible supporting frameworks for, the professional running of academic diamond open access journals. Diamond open access publishing is time-consuming and often characterized by lack of sufficient funding and resources. This creates challenges and stresses for editors and editorial board members who must not only assess incoming papers, oversee peer-review processes, and organize revisions, but also deal with technicalities connected to hosting platforms as well as actively engage in copy- and layout-editing. In particular the latter tasks could easily be outsourced if the necessary funding or supporting frameworks could be made available. This would leave considerably more time to focus on the academic aspects of the publishing process and reduce pressures and stresses on journal editors, board members, and volunteers.
Questions the workshop will address include (but are not limited to) the following: What experiences do participants have with OA academic publishing? Which strategies for ensuring proper peer-reviews, editing, and publishing do exist? Which funding schemes exist that journal editors can apply for to cover running expenses for copy- and layout-editing, journal hosting, technical support, and more? Are there options for increased cooperation between journals to address such challenges? …?
The workshop starts with 3 lighting talks of approximately 5 minutes each by Holger Pötzsch (co-editor-in-chief of Eludamos: Journal for Computer Game Culture), Justin Parks (editor-in-chief of American Studies in Scandinavia), and Jan Erik Frantsvåg (Septentrio Academic Publishing/UB). The talks will focus on experiences with publishing diamond OA journals and on potential support infrastructures. After the talks we engage in plenary discussions. Dependent upon number of participants, we might engage in group work around specific themes before reconvening for quick presentations and final discussions.
Duration: 90 minutes
No preparations require