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Charlotte Appel og Nina Christensen (red.), På sporet af børn og bøger. Læsekultur og medier 1750-1850 (København: Gads Forlag, 2023). 352 s.
No full textLarge decline in hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) pup production off of northeastern Newfoundland in 2012 and 2017
No full textAccurate data on population abundance is needed to monitor trends through time, especially for species that are commercially harvested or vulnerable to climate change related impacts. Hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) in the Northwest Atlantic whelp on drifting sea ice in three areas: Davis Strait, the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence and off of northeastern Newfoundland (“Front”), Canada, with the majority of whelping (>90%) occurring at the Front. They are harvested in Canada and Greenland but have not been assessed since 2005. Aerial surveys for harp seals (Pagophilus groenlandicus) took place at the Front in 2012 and 2017. These surveys also captured the vast majority of hooded seal whelping patches in these years and so were used to estimate hooded seal pup production at the Front. Pup production was estimated from photo (2012 and 2017) and visual (2017 only) line-transect surveys. Staging data from 2004, 2005 and 2017 were used to correct these estimates for the proportion of pups not born on the survey days, resulting in total pup production estimates of 41,129 (SE = 7,374) and 39,021 (SE = 18,334) pups in 2012 and 2017, respectively. This is a large decrease from the previous estimate, being 38% and 36%, respectively, of the pup production estimated on the Front in 2005. Extensive reconnaissance that failed to locate whelping hooded seals in Davis Strait (2024) or outside the traditional whelping area at the Front (2012, 2017), along with low sea-ice coverage in the Gulf of St. Lawrence makes it unlikely that significant whelping was redistributed to other areas. The large decline in pup production after 2005 mirrors a similar decline and continued low level of pup production for hooded seals in the Greenland Sea that occurred between 1997 and 2005/07. Although the cause of the decline in the Northwest Atlantic is unknown, it is possible that negative impacts of ecosystem change on female fecundity and juvenile survival, as has been documented for harp seals in the Northwest Atlantic, are also impacting hooded seals
Porojen talviruokinta ja sen vaikutukset porojen käyttäytymiseen, poronhoitokäytäntöihin ja ympäristöön: Raportti NKJ-työpajasta Arvidsjaurissa 8.– 9.6.2022
No full textThis report is based on the results from a Nordic network project funded by The Nordic Joint Committee for Agricultural and Food Research (NKJ) during the years 2021-2022. This network was created to encourage further cross-border discussions about the prospects of winter feeding of reindeer. In reindeer husbandry winter feeding has increased during the last decades due to competing land use activities and climate change. Herders in Norway, Sweden and Finland have previously raised concerns about the benefits and risks associated to the increasing need of winter feeding of reindeer in all three countries.
The report, published in Swedish, Norwegian, Finnish and North Sámi, and covers the main findings from a series of preparatory workshops within each country and a main workshop in Arvidsjaur 8-9 June 2022. During the network activities, reindeer herders, researchers and managers discussed the effects of feeding on reindeer behaviour, herding practices and the environment. The two main topics discussed at the preparatory workshops were 1) the short- and long-term effects of winter feeding on reindeer behaviour, and 2) local to large scale effects of feeding on the environment and the natural pastures. During the main workshop, discussions were held about reasons for feeding of reindeer, the preconditions of feeding in the three countries, how winter feeding is usually performed, and best practices in relation to reindeer behaviour and the environment.
The work aimed at promoting knowledge exchange on winter feeding of reindeer among all participants to help find solutions and mitigation actions to avoid changes in reindeer behaviour and negative effects of feeding on reindeer, reindeer herding and the environment. The report is aimed at herders, managers, as well as other land users, authorities and policymakers to give information on what was discussed and a summary of the challenges related to winter feeding and effects on reindeer behaviour and reindeer husbandry, and the environment.
Rangifer Report No 19 is the Finnish version of the report. The Swedish version has been published (Rangifer Report No 18) and reports in Norwegian and North Sámi are published as following numbers of Rangifer Report
Helseutfordringer relatert til sorg og tap : – enker og enkemenns erfaringer
No full textGrief is defined as a break in ties to the deceased, adjustment to new life conditions, in addition to problems with building new relationships. The aim of the study was to explore what experiences widows and widowers have with various health challenges related to grief and loss, and what was experienced as helpful? The study used an explorative design and qualitative method. The main theme was: "Need for self-determination". Det first theme revealed that the widows and widowers would rather manage on their own and not bother others with their physical health problems. The second theme revealed that they used withdrawal as a survival strategy. The third theme showed that contact with others provides health benefits. Bereavement do not have any limit in time and mourning can be a lifelong experience for elderly widows and widower. Social aspects had impact on what was perceived as helpful.Sorg er definert som brudd på bånd til avdøde og omstilling til nye livsforutsetninger, i tillegg til problem med å bygge nye relasjoner. Sorg er beskrevet som en emosjonell respons relatert til ulike helseutfordringer. Hensikten med studien var å undersøke hvilke erfaringer enker og enkemenn har med ulike helseutfordringer relatert til sorg og tap og hva som ble opplevd som hjelpsomt. Studien anvendte et eksplorativt design og kvalitativ metode. Et hovedtema, tre tema og to undertema framkom fra analysen. Hovedtema viste behov for selvbestemmelse. I det første tema framkom at både enker og enkemann helst ville klare seg selv og ikke bry andre med sine fysiske helseproblem. Det andre tema viste at tilbaketrekking ble anvendt som en overlevelsesstrategi, mens det tredje tema avdekket at kontakt med andre ga en helsegevinst. Sorgen hadde ingen tidsavgrensning, og fulgte personene gjennom livsløpet. Sosiale aspekter hadde innvirkning på hva som ble opplevd som hjelpsomt
Los verbos más disponibles en español y su activación de estructuras argumentales
No full textEste artículo analiza las características morfosintácticas de los verbos más disponibles en español, la configuración de su red léxica y las estructuras argumentales que se activan ante sus diferentes clases y subclases. Para ello, se emplea la metodología de la disponibilidad gramatical como desarrollo reciente de la disponibilidad léxica: pruebas de evocación de palabras y pruebas de producción de oraciones. Los resultados muestran que los verbos más disponibles tienden a ser predicativos, bivalentes, transitivos, no pronominales y de acción, perfil que se corresponde con las subclases más representativas en la teoría lingüística, las cuales favorecen el procesamiento por su asociación directa con acciones específicas. La red léxica generada sugiere que los verbos conforman una categoría de base natural debido a la importancia de la organización semántica subyacente, aunque también se revelen asociaciones de naturaleza gramatical. Por último, la disponibilidad de estructuras argumentales depende en buena medida de la tipología verbal y de la relevancia cognitiva de las unidades léxicas. Los verbos intransitivos suelen generar más adjuntos, mientras que los transitivos tienden a activar más argumentos explícitos. Entre los intransitivos, son los inacusativos los que inducen más argumentos, mientras que entre los transitivos destacan los verbos de percepción por su capacidad para activar explícitamente más argumentos internos, en contraste con los de consumo y creación. Este trabajo pone nuevamente de manifiesto la compleja interacción entre léxico, sintaxis y semántica en la construcción del conocimiento lingüístico y sugiere nuevas direcciones para la investigación en procesamiento del lenguaje y categorización verbal.Este artículo analiza las características morfosintácticas de los verbos más disponibles en español, la configuración de su red léxica y las estructuras argumentales que se activan ante sus diferentes clases y subclases. Para ello, se emplea la metodología de la disponibilidad gramatical como desarrollo reciente de la disponibilidad léxica: pruebas de evocación de palabras y pruebas de producción de oraciones. Los resultados muestran que los verbos más disponibles tienden a ser predicativos, bivalentes, transitivos, no pronominales y de acción, perfil que se corresponde con las subclases más representativas en la teoría lingüística, las cuales favorecen el procesamiento por su asociación directa con acciones específicas. La red léxica generada sugiere que los verbos conforman una categoría de base natural debido a la importancia de la organización semántica subyacente, aunque también se revelen asociaciones de naturaleza gramatical. Por último, la disponibilidad de estructuras argumentales depende en buena medida de la tipología verbal y de la relevancia cognitiva de las unidades léxicas. Los verbos intransitivos suelen generar más adjuntos, mientras que los transitivos tienden a activar más argumentos explícitos. Entre los intransitivos, son los inacusativos los que inducen más argumentos, mientras que entre los transitivos destacan los verbos de percepción por su capacidad para activar explícitamente más argumentos internos, en contraste con los de consumo y creación. Este trabajo pone nuevamente de manifiesto la compleja interacción entre léxico, sintaxis y semántica en la construcción del conocimiento lingüístico y sugiere nuevas direcciones para la investigación en procesamiento del lenguaje y categorización verbal
Auxiliary selection across Catalan dialects: an overview
No full textThis article presents a comprehensive description of auxiliary selection in Catalan. Specifically, after explaining how the phenomenon worked in Old Catalan, we show what are the factors (such as the event/argument structure or the grammatical person, among others) that determine the use of be and have in those Catalan varieties that, although with some innovations, retain this distinction: (i) Algherese Catalan, (ii) Northern Catalan and some varieties of Central Catalan, (iii) Ribagorçan Catalan, and (iv) Balearic Catalan. Likewise, we show a series of theoretical considerations that we believe relevant for the analysis of the patterns of variation found in Catalan and, by extension, in Romance.Este artículo presenta una descripción exhaustiva de la selección de auxiliar en catalán. En concreto, después de explicar cómo funcionaba el fenómeno en catalán antiguo, mostramos cuáles son los factores (como la estructura eventiva/argumental de los verbos o la persona gramatical, entre otros) que determinan el uso de ser y haver en las hablas catalanas que, si bien con algunas innovaciones, conservan esta distinción: (i) el alguerés, (ii) el catalán septentrional y algunas variedades del catalán central, (iii) el ribagorzano y (iv) el catalán baleárico. Asimismo, presentamos una serie de consideraciones teóricas que entendemos que son relevantes para el análisis de los patrones de variación que encontramos en catalán, y por extensión en el conjunto de las lenguas románicas
Previous, current and future monitoring and management of common minke whales in Norway
No full textAn account of the historical, current and possible future management of common minke whales in Norway is presented. The current management is based on an approach very similar to the International Whaling Commission’s Revised Management Procedure (RMP) and requires historical and current catch statistics, together with new abundance estimates with associated variance estimates every six years. The abundance estimates are based on visual sampling online-transect sighting surveys with two independent observer platforms. These surveys are no longer economically viable with the current limited commercial harvest. Alternative methods for obtaining abundance estimates are discussed, including a simpler sighting survey design and genetic mark-recapture methods. The RMP requires Implementation Reviews desirably every six years, which take into account all new information available. The associated simulation trials are very technical and complex, and few experts have the insight to run these simulation tests. Simpler alternatives to the current Implementation Reviews are discussed. The objective is to develop more economically viable methods for abundance estimation and a simpler procedure for catch limit calculation without compromising the sustainability of the harvest. Any new procedure for abundance estimation and catch limit calculations will be submitted to the International Whaling Commission Scientific Committee for discussion
Musikkselskapets portrettmedaljonger: Kunsthåndverk og borgerlig selvfremstilling i Trondhjem 1786
No full textIn 1786, three large portrait medallions were commissioned for the Musical Society in Trondheim, Norway. The medallions were made from wood and painted with antique-style portraits of three local musicians – Niels Krog Bredal, Johan Peter Thams, and Johan Daniel Berlin. The medallions are owned by the NTNU University Museum and currently exhibited at the Ringve Music Museum. Two similar medallions of unknown origin exist; a portrait of Christian Frederik Hagerup, and a medallion bearing the initials P.B. and the date December 31st, 1786.
The article conducts a multi-disciplinary study of the five medallions from an object-based research perspective. The authors’ differing museum backgrounds offer the double perspectives of music and cultural history together with material and art history. A technological investigation of the medallions is combined with analyses of style, motives, and décor, against the background of biographical and contextual information. Two likely artisans are indicated, and new light is shed on the «unexplained» medallions. The medallions’ designs are contextualized with reference to the tradition of memorial coins, and the medallions’ social function is construed as part of a bourgeois strategy for self-representation and identity formation
English
No full textThis article is concerned with the issue of how Research Performing Organizations (RPOs) can balance the market and non-market value of the research data they hold. Research data is often viewed as a public good as it is produced at least partly through public funds. As such, research data is expected to be made publicly available and in service of public interests. At the same time, research data has market value and can be viewed as a private asset. This is so because research data is a versatile resource that can be re-purposed for commercial ends. Research data can be an input upon which products or services are built, especially in light of emerging technologies that can automate the compilation and analysis of data with ease (see, for example, Stiglich et al., 2023). The discussion on research data as a public good or a private asset can be contentious. Many hold the view that publicly funded research - including data - should be open to, and for the benefit of, all. At the same time, others argue that there are different ways through which research can achieve its final objective of benefiting society, not least through commercial routes.
To address this issue, we adopt Scheiner’s (2020) framework for dealing with opposing perspectives that carry an inherent tension between them. Scheiner proposes four strategies in this regard: (1) to treat the perspectives as lacking a common ground and contradictory, where one perspective is chosen over the other; (2) to treat the perspectives as in constant tension, preserving the paradoxes between them; (3) to treat the perspectives as independent and yet complementary, placing them in dialog with each other; and (4) to treat the perspectives as blending into each other, merging them into a synthesis. Of particular interest to this article are RPOs in the institute sector that operate under both market and non-market logics, which have implications for how they govern their research data. For instance, RPOs in the sector need to comply with mandates on open research data and, at the same time, protect commercially sensitive research data.
In the paper, we conceptually apply Scheiner’s framework to RPOs in the institute sector as an illustrative example, in order to gain insights into how these RPOs can move toward an integrated strategy to research data governance. From the discussions undertaken in the article, one of the main conclusions is that these RPOs may benefit from developing a research data governance model that acknowledges both the economic and societal values of research data.
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