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Characterization of methanolysis products from plasmalogenic lipids in horse muscle tissue
No full textMuscle tissue is known to contain plasmalogenic lipids. Traditional methodologies for the analysis of lipids in muscle consists of methanolysis followed by gas chromatography (GC). The resultant dimethylacetals (DMA) are difficult to resolve because of extensive overlap with fatty acid methyl esters. In this study a new two-step procedure was applied to isolate DMAs from FAMEs from methanolysed horse muscle lipids (n=48) after saponification and solvent partitioning. Both total and isolated DMAs were analysed by GC and the extent of overlap was evident. The total methylated mixture was also analyzed using GC with online reduction (GC-OR x GC) which confirmed the identity of the FAME, DMA and aldehyde products. The DMA content in horse muscle tissue was found to be 55.7 mg DMAs in 100 g of meat, or 3.10 % of total lipids. The saturates 16:0 and 18:0 were the predominant DMA isomers, and 18:3n-3 and 18:2n-6 DMA were identified in this tissue. Samples with a higher (> 3 g/100 g of meat) intramuscular fat (IM) content showed a lower (p ≤ 0.05) absolute content of the DMAs compared to samples with lower IM fat content (15.3 vs 29.3 mg/g of fat, respectively).Department of Economic Development and Infrastructures of the Basque Government is acknowledged for the doctoral fellowships of L.R. Beldarrain and X. Belaunzaran. Lactiker Research Group (Basque Government IT944–16 and IT1568–22) funded this work. Authors wish to express gratitude for the opportunity to have analyzed horse samples in Dr. Pierluigi Delmonte’s laboratory at the Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA using the two-dimensional GC - OR x GC technique
Selecting an optimal sorghum cultivar can improve nitrogen availability and wheat yield in crop rotation
No full textBACKGROUND
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a cereal crop known for its biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) capacity, a plant-mediated activity limiting nitrification pathway. The use of BNI-producing plants represents an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach to reduce nitrogen (N) losses, such as nitrate (NO3−) leaching and nitrous oxide (N2O) gas emissions. The present study aimed to test the effectiveness of different S. bicolor cultivars in rotation to retain ammonium (NH4+) in soils and promote N availability for the subsequent wheat crop. A two-year field rotation was established with four sorghum cultivars followed by winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Urea alone or combined with the urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide was applied to promote a NH4+-based fertilization regimes.
RESULTS
AddingN-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide maintained higher soil NH4+ content and reduced ammonia-oxidizing bacteria population during sorghum cultivation. However, the benefits of the inhibitor on sorghum growth were cultivar-dependent. Notably, the further reduction in ammonia-oxidizing bacteria abundance for sorghum Voyenn and the increased soil NH4+ content for Vilomene suggested a BNI potential for these cultivars. Importantly, the Vilomene precedent enhanced wheat yield for both fertilization regimes.
CONCLUSION
Overall, the present study confirms that sorghum is a suitable catch crop and emphasizes the importance of selecting the proper sorghum cultivar to maximize the yield of the target wheat crop, at the same time as minimizing N losses. Furthermore, developing combined strategies with selected sorghum cultivars and the application of urease inhibitors enables to enhance sorghum productivity as forage, achieving added value to the rotation. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.This research was financially supported by the Consolidated Groups programme (IT1560-22) of the Basque Government and by ERA-Net Cofund SuSCrop (PCI2020-120685-2). AN S.Coop. was funded by CDTI (Center for Technological Development and Innovation, EXP 00139688/IDI- 20210754). I.V.M. thanks to the Basque Government for her postdoctoral fellowship (POS-2018-1-005). We thank María José Arrondo for providing the field for the experiments and carrying out the cultivation of both crops, as well as Deutsche Saatveredelung AG (DSV) for the provision of sorghum seeds
Gatti, Gabriel, y Mengual-Rubio, Iñaki (Eds.) (2024). Contar el abandono. Paisajes de un mundo en ruinas. Bellaterra
No full textLÓPEZ DE MATURANA, Virginia, Un dictador en Vitoria. La transformación de la ciudad a través de las visitas de Franco, Bilbao, ediciones Beta, 2024, 164 pp.
No full textLos banquetes republicanos en la España de la Restauración: comensalidad y ritual político
No full textSince the monarchy was restored in 1874, the First Republic became an object of veneration in the republican ranks, where a myth was nourished that, in some way, replicated the negative image established by its adversaries. The most idiosyncratic ritualized practice of republicanism in this period were political banquets, among which those motivated by February 11 stood out. It is a form of commensality that equaled those who fraternized by sharing a tablecloth and for which more popular and democratic alternatives were proposed. This paper analyzes the main characteristics and functions of this political ritual, including the justifications for the act, the venues, the scenery, the profile of the attendees, the structure followed and the certain trivialization that they incurred when the 20th century arrived. For this, historical newspapers, memoirs and some other primary sources have been used.; Desde que en 1874 se restauró la monarquía, la Primera República devino objeto de veneración en las filas republicanas, donde se alimentó un mito que, de alguna manera, replicaba a la imagen negativa fijada por sus adversarios. La práctica ritualizada más idiosincrática del republicanismo en este periodo fueron los banquetes políticos, entre los que destacaron los motivados por el 11 de febrero. Se trata de una forma de comensalidad que igualaba a quienes fraternizaban compartiendo mantel y para la que se plantearon alternativas más populares y democráticas. En este artículo se analizan las principales características y funciones de este ritual político, incluyendo las justificaciones del acto, los lugares de celebración, la escenografía, el perfil de los concurrentes, la estructura seguida y la cierta banalización en la que incurrieron al llegar el siglo XX. Para ello se han manejado fuentes hemerográficas, libros de memorias y alguna otra fuente primaria
“Ánforas para la nueva sangre hispana”. La difusión del nacionalismo franquista en los programas radiofónicos de puericultura (1939-1959)
No full textThe radio contributed, through the discourse of women's broadcasts, to disseminating the doctrine of national Catholicism among the Spanish audience. In them, women were encouraged to reclaim the domestic space and perform the social functions that corresponded to their commitment to the Franco´s nationalism. This article aims to analyse the discourse of the childcare programmes broadcast on Radio Madrid, a radio station belonging to Cadena SER, during the early Franco regime (1939-1959), in order to elucidate the connections between women, the radio and the nationalist project of Franco´s dictatorship.; La radio contribuyó, a través del discurso de las emisiones femeninas, a vehiculizar la doctrina del nacionalcatolicismo entre la audiencia española. En ellas, animaban a las mujeres a recuperar el espacio doméstico y realizar desde allí las funciones sociales que le correspondían en relación a su compromiso con la nación franquista. El presente artículo pretende analizar el discurso de los programas de puericultura retransmitidos en Radio Madrid, emisora perteneciente a la Cadena SER, durante el primer franquismo (1939-1959), para dilucidar cuáles fueron las conexiones entre las mujeres, la radio y el proyecto nacionalista del Régimen
BioTIME 2.0: Expanding and improving a database of biodiversity time series.
No full textMotivation:
Here, we make available a second version of the BioTIME database, which compiles records of abundance estimates for species in sample events of ecological assemblages through time. The updated version expands version 1.0 of the database by doubling the number of studies and includes substantial additional curation to the taxonomic accuracy of the records, as well as the metadata. Moreover, we now provide an R package (BioTIMEr) to facilitate use of the database.
Main Types of Variables Included:
The database is composed of one main data table containing the abundance records and 11 metadata tables. The data are organised in a hierarchy of scales where 11,989,233 records are nested in 1,603,067 sample events, from 553,253 sampling locations, which are nested in 708 studies. A study is defined as a sampling methodology applied to an assemblage for a minimum of 2 years.
Spatial Location and Grain:
Sampling locations in BioTIME are distributed across the planet, including marine, terrestrial and freshwater realms. Spatial grain size and extent vary across studies depending on sampling methodology. We recommend gridding of sampling locations into areas of consistent size.
Time Period and Grain
The earliest time series in BioTIME start in 1874, and the most recent records are from 2023. Temporal grain and duration vary across studies. We recommend doing sample-level rarefaction to ensure consistent sampling effort through time before calculating any diversity metric.
Major Taxa and Level of Measurement:
The database includes any eukaryotic taxa, with a combined total of 56,400 taxa.
Software Format:
csv and. SQL
All-cause mortality risk in long-acting injectable versus oral antipsychotics in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textPatients with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotic treatment present lower mortality rates than those who do not. However, the non-adherence rate is high, which can be partially addressed using long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics. The impact of LAI treatments on all-cause mortality compared to oral antipsychotics remains unclear. To fill that gap, a random effects meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the odds ratio (OR) of all-cause, suicidal, and non-suicidal mortality among patients taking LAI antipsychotics compared to oral antipsychotics (PROSPERO:CRD42023391352). Individual and pooled LAI antipsychotics were analyzed against pooled oral antipsychotics. Sensitivity analyses were performed for study design, setting, and industry sponsorship. Meta-regressions were conducted for gender, age, antipsychotic dose, and race. Seventeen articles, total sample 12,042 patients (N = 5795 oral, N = 6247 LAI) were included. Lower risk of all-cause mortality for patients receiving LAI antipsychotics vs receiving oral antipsychotics was found (OR = 0.79; 95%CI = 0.66–0.95). Statistical significance was maintained when only studies comparing the same LAI and oral antipsychotic were included (OR = 0.79; 95%CI = 0.66–0.95; p = <0.01), as well as for non-suicidal mortality (OR = 0.77: 95%CI = 0.63–0.94; p = 0.01), but not for suicidal mortality (OR = 0.86; 95%CI = 0.59–1.26; p = 0.44). Mortality reduction was more pronounced for LAI antipsychotics in first-episode psychosis (FEP) (OR = 0.79; 95%CI = 0.66–0.96) compared to chronic psychosis. No individual LAI reported statistically significant differences against all pooled oral antipsychotics. LAI antipsychotics are associated with a lower risk of all-cause and non-suicidal mortality in individuals with schizophrenia compared to oral antipsychotics. Better adherence to the medication and health services may explain this difference. Whenever possible, the use of LAIs should be considered from the FEP.This research received funding from the Biobizkaia Health Research Institute for publication fees
Determinants in adopting cashless payments in Europe: a multilevel analysis
No full textThe use of electronic currency for transactions, denoting a cashless paradigm,
has become increasingly common. However, this financial innovation is not prevalent
in all countries. This study aims to explain the discrepancies across countries,
including individual and country factors. It may be superficially posited that this lag
in development stems from individual or microlevel usage challenges. However,
the application of the Technology Acceptance Model highlights the presence of overarching
characteristics conducive to extensive adoption. Thus, an additional stratum,
the multilevel perspective, needs to be examined. This analytical framework incorporates
not only individual attributes but also the sociotechnical framework or mesolevel
factors in which they operate. A multilevel econometric model is used. The
results of these analyses show that the impact on the adoption of cashless payments
extends beyond individual factors (attitude to technology use, perceived usefulness,
and perceived ease of use). Our primary contribution, conceptually and empirically,
is to broaden the analysis vision. A comprehensive multilevel analysis revealed
that broader contextual elements, such as infrastructure and national skills, exert a significant
influence on the adoption of cashless transactions. Consequently, the widespread
acceptance of cashless payment methods is not only contingent on individual
choices but is also a collective phenomenon in which the surrounding environment
plays a crucial role as a catalyst for the end users in the cashless economy.
Keywords: Cashless payment, Multilevel perspective, Technology acceptanceEuskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) ECRI Ethics in Finance & Social Value GIU22/003 Fundación Emilio Soldevilla para la Investigación y el Desarrollo en Economía de la Empresa (FESIDE) BOPV2020
Formación del futuro profesorado para enseñar Historia con perspectiva de género. Efectos del proyecto “Prehistoria y Género”
No full textUno de los retos a los que se enfrenta actualmente el profesorado es el de llevar a las aulas un relato histórico libre de sesgos androcéntricos y para ello es preciso que reciba una formación específica. El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido evaluar la efectividad del proyecto “Prehistoria y Género” en la formación inicial del profesorado, verificando si se han producido diferencias entre las ideas del alumnado participante y no participante sobre la enseñanza de la historia con perspectiva de género. Han participado 471 estudiantes de los Grados de Educación Primaria e Infantil de la Universidad del País Vasco. Se ha utilizado un cuestionario de 34 ítems, agrupados en 3 dimensiones. Los resultados sugieren que el proyecto fue efectivo, ya que el grupo experimental aumentó sus conocimientos sobre la historia con perspectiva de género y la importancia que brindan a enseñarla, y cambió en cierta medida las concepciones estereotipadas que tenían acerca de los roles de género en la Prehistoria. Se concluye la necesidad de seguir ofreciendo formación sobre cómo enseñar historia con perspectiva de género al futuro profesorado a través de este tipo de proyectos de aula.Este trabajo ha sido financiado por los grupos de investigación Sociedades, Procesos, Culturas (IT1465-22) y GIPyPAC (IT1442-22) de la Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU); y por los proyectos PID2021-124356NBI00 del MICIU/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 y FEDER-UE y “Educar mediante temas controvertidos en y para el conflicto. Una investigación a través de estudios de caso en la formación inicial del profesorado” (PID2023- 150579NA-100) del MINECO/FEDE