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The Anaclitic-Introjective Depression Assessment: Development and preliminary validity of an observer-rated measure
No full textBackground: The two-configurations model developed by Blatt and colleagues offers a comprehensive conceptual and empirical framework for understanding depression. This model suggests that depressed patients struggle, at different developmental levels, with issues related to dependency (anaclitic issues) or self-definition (introjective issues), or a combination of both.
Aims: This paper reports three studies on the development and preliminary validation of the Anaclitic-Introjective Depression Assessment, an observer-rated assessment tool of impairments in relatedness and self-definition in clinical depression based on the item pool of the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure.
Method: Study 1 describes the development of the measure using expert consensus rating and Q-methodology. Studies 2 and 3 report the assessment of its psychometric properties, preliminary reliability, and validity in a sample of 128 patients diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression.
Results: Four naturally occurring clusters of depressed patients were identified using Q-factor analysis, which, overall, showed meaningful and theoretically expected relationships with anaclitic/introjective prototypes as formulated by experts, as well as with clinical, social, occupational, global, and relational functioning.
Conclusion: Taken together, findings reported in this paper provide preliminary evidence for the reliability and validity of the Anaclitic-Introjective Depression Assessment, an observer-rated measure that allows the detection of important nuanced differentiations between and within anaclitic and introjective depression
Laverne Antrobus on 5 News Tonight. Limiting gender stereotypes. 27 January 2017, Channel 5 [Starts at 12:57]
No full textDiscussion of limiting stereotypes in the light of a US report that found girls thought of themselves as less talented than boys by the age of 6
Intersectionality in the construction of authority: A systemic supervisor’s perspective
Get PDFIn this study I explore how ethnicity, gender and class are implicated in the construction and performance of authority in the supervisory relationship. Authority is a concept that is used as one of the competences and stances to take as a systemic psychotherapist and systemic supervisor but its meaning has not been enough explained nor deconstructed in the systemic literature. Twelve participants were recruited for the study. The chosen methodology was Grounded Theory. The key findings can be summarised as follows. First, authority is constructed by systemic supervisors upon dominant social constructions in a hierarchical relationship that is gendered, classed and racialised. Second, this study highlights that gender, class and ethnicity are intersectionally implicated in the constructions and performance of authority, rather than operating separately. Third, supervisors use theoretical concepts such as the domains of action in their conceptualization of authority, in order to manage the nuances between holding multiple perspectives and the assertion of their authority. In conclusion, Authority is a gendered, racialised and classed-based construct and thus shapes the influence of how knowledge and expertise is conveyed and received in the supervisory relationship. This construction of authority is embedded in power relationships, which privilege those supervisors that belong to the most hegemonic groups of society: white male middle class; and discriminate minority supervisors accordingly to their intersectionalit
Genderqueer and non-binary genders
No full textThis book addresses the emerging field of genderqueer or non-binary genders - that is, individuals who do not identify as male or female. It considers theoretical, research, practice, and activist perspectives; and outlines a basis for good practice when working with non-binary individuals.
The first section provides an overview of historical, legal and academic aspects of this phenomenon. The second section explores how psychotherapeutic, psychological and psychiatric theory and practice are adapting to a non-binary model of gender, and the third section considers the body related aspects, from endocrinology to surgery.
This work will appeal to a wide readership, from practitioners working with non-binary individuals - including psychologists, surgeons, social workers, nurses, psychiatrists, endocrinologists, psychotherapists and counselors, lawyers, and healthcare workers - to researchers interested in the study of gender identities, to students and gender activists
Suicide amongst people with intellectual disability: An Australian online study of disability support staff experiences and perceptions
No full textBackground:
Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) have a higher likelihood of exposure to identified risk factors for suicide when compared with the general community and have been recognised as being both capable of forming intent for suicide and acting on this intent. However, in spite of research outlining these concerns from the 1970s, there remains a dearth of studies that examine suicide amongst the population of people with ID.
Method:
An online cross-sectional survey was purposively developed, with questions aimed at identifying both the experiences and current practices of support staff who assist people with ID in relation to suicide, suicidal behaviour and suicide assessment. It was undertaken across both rural and metropolitan areas in Australia. The survey was open for a period of 12 months. A total of 139 respondents (109 female/30 male), with a mean age of 41 and an average 12 years of experience in supporting people with ID, completed the tool.
Results:
A total of nine suicides by people with ID were reported. Seventy-seven per cent of the respondents reported that they had individuals with ID display suicidal behaviours, and 76% noted that a person had specifically talked about wishing to end their life. Only four participants (3%) noted that they did not support individuals with a dual diagnosis of ID and mental health concern. Sixty per cent of participants reported that no one in their organisation had ever completed a suicide risk assessment, and only 28% reported that they would do a suicide risk assessment if an individual that they supported was diagnosed with a mental health issue.
Conclusions:
The current findings indicate that support staff recognise the capacity of people with ID to conceptualise suicide, note the existence of suicidal discussions and behaviours and report on actual suicides. This represents one of the few Australian studies that has specifically considered suicide amongst this cohort of people and reinforces the fact that suicide is not unknown in this population. The data indicate a possible divide between the reports of people with ID actively talking about and acting on suicidal thoughts and the lack of any proactive use of any tools to assess for this risk
L'infant observation come esperienza trasformativa: Turbolenze emotive, difese e conoscenza. (Infant observation as a transformative experience: Emotional turbulence, defences and learning.)
No full textThis work seeks to demonstrate the tangle of strong emotions permeating the observation environment. Observers themselves cannot escape this tangle and it reactivates deep-seated, unconscious infantile experiences within them. The authors' reflections stem from the longstanding experience they each acquired during their teaching of Infant Observation. The article seeks to highlight what defences are activated and how the observation setting, seminars and the group can serve as containers capable of helping observers to separate/distinguish what belongs to their own history and their own personal experience from what belongs to the neonatal life of that specific child, to his/her mother and to the figures caring for him/her