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Construction Costs of High-Speed Railways: A Comparison of France and Italy
No full textLike most transport-related megaprojects, decisions for new High-speed Railways (HSR) face criticism and raise questions about their effectiveness. HSR projects frequently encounter construction cost overruns and overestimations of travel demand. France is no exception, although its geographic and social characteristics favor HSR expansion. To analyze the specific conditions in France, this study examines key indicators related to construction costs and user impacts across the French HSR network, with additional consideration of demand implications. The analysis is structured into three phases: preliminary (project proposal), initial (start of construction), and final (operational phase). Findings reveal an average increase in construction costs of 13% from the preliminary to initial phase, followed by a further 5% increase from the initial to final phase. These cost overruns are primarily due to modifications in project plans, such as the addition of stations. Cost increases are more pronounced in recent lines, while older lines (e.g., Paris-Lyon, Paris-Lille) show minimal increases from initial estimates. The study also compares France with Italy, highlighting similarities and differences in design and construction efficiency. The findings provide valuable insights into the expertise and project management capacity of HSR authorities in both countries. In Italy, persistent cost overruns reflect issues in cost forecasting rather than unforeseen events, suggesting that a more rigorous preliminary assessment could lead to more accurate forecasting and smoother project delivery. The French example demonstrates that such an approach is feasible and may reduce stakeholder conflicts
Progetti pilota #2 - mobilità
No full textA partire da un’estesa attività di ricerca applicata durata tre anni, sviluppata in collaborazione con imprese e territori, il testo esplora il potenziale spaziale della transizione ecologica, articolando scenari progettuali che mettono in relazione conversione energetica, valorizzazione del patrimonio, gestione del rischio e attrattività territoriale.
La prima sezione del volume ricostruisce il quadro metodologico e concettuale della ricerca, individuando due scenari esplorativi: strumenti analitici e progettuali che consentono di ipotizzare traiettorie di trasformazione e azioni coordinate nei contesti complessi del Nord-Est. La seconda sezione si concentra su segnali deboli di trasformazione già in atto nei territori dell’Alto Adriatico, nei quali è possibile riconoscere le tracce latenti degli scenari proposti.
In un contesto dominato da vulnerabilità ambientali e da una stratificazione infrastrutturale e patrimoniale di lungo periodo, il volume propone la costruzione di un quadro strategico condiviso per orientare, selezionare e coordinare le scelte di progetto dei prossimi venticinque anni
Collective eco-innovation: Designers and citizen communities promoting ecological change through informal practices
No full textCurrent social and environmental changes necessitate interdisciplinary and collaborative approaches to address global challenges. Researchers and designers are increasingly engaging in informal strategies that involve community participation and collective experimentation. These methods emphasize open design approaches, fostering small yet impactful changes within communities. Community-centred initiatives incorporate local knowledge and resources to generate sustainable solutions, enhancing social sustainability by empowering individuals in decision-making processes. This study explores the role of cooperative design practices in promoting bio-communities and sustainable development, focusing on innovative contributions from citizens. It also focuses on the opportunities offered by the adoption of a co-operative approach in design, exploring the role that designers and citizens can play in promoting this approach and the development of new solutions.
This paper discusses the current request for active citizenship in order to contribute with the development of bio-communities, capable of positively dealing with contemporary challenges. In this context, an important question arises: what innovative contribution may citizens bring from local knowledge to sustainable development? It is already known how local activism, usually strong in a “do-it-yourself community”, is able to bring answers to complex problems with simple, and low-cost solutions. So, this paper aims to bring experiences of civic engagement that promotes innovation from creative experiments conducted by local citizens in informal practices of planning and participatory design. It is expected to see how their own territorial knowledge and identity may empower circular communities through activation of local dynamics that contribute to technological/sustainable cultural transition
Oltre il device: le infrastrutture come dispositivi ibridi e polivalenti
No full textGeneralmente si pensa alle infrastrutture come opere specializzate, atte a svolgere una funzione tecnica: la strada smaltisce il traffico mentre il canale fa defluire l’acqua. Quando però si depositano sul territorio, alimentando il processo di produzione e riproduzione del nostro ambiente di vita, anche le infrastrutture più semplici diventano complessi
dispositivi, “supporti”, “basamenti” che continuamente reinterpretiamo e ricicliamo. Ad esempio: i canali diventano scenari per le vacanze in house boat; le dighe formano laghi da cartolina, i ponti diventano patrimonio. Forse è proprio questo che le rende doppiamente interessanti per la cultura urbanistica: da un lato per la loro fertile ambiguità, la loro ambivalenza, il loro partire come semplici device e diventare nel tempo materiale fondativo del paesaggio; dall’altro
perché spesso si tratta di materiali che stanno tra l’umano e il non umano, opere che svolgono ruolo di mediazione e relazione tra società e ambiente: pensiamo ad esempio ai corsi d’acqua, ai quali chiediamo inizialmente di regolare il flusso idraulico (essere tubi monofunzionali) ma con il tempo diventano “infrastruttura verde e blu”. A partire da queste ipotesi possiamo allora porci alcune domande (di ricerca) pensando alle “nuove infrastrutture”, da quelle energetiche a quelle informatiche, da quelle legate alla mobilità attiva a quelle necessarie per affrontare i cambiamenti
climatici: di che cosa parliamo quando parliamo di infrastrutture oggi? Che cosa dovremo immaginare e realizzare nei decenni a venire
Urban-rural linkages/exchanges: A spatial framework for regional development A case of Tigray, Ethiopia
No full textThis dissertation investigates the dynamics of Urban-Rural Linkages and Exchanges (URL/E) as a framework for
sustainable regional spatial planning, with a particular focus on the Tigray region of Ethiopia. The study addresses the
historical imbalance between Tigray’s urban centres and its fragmented rural settlements, revealing critical weaknesses
in connectivity, service delivery, and resource distribution. These gaps have been exacerbated by recent conflict,
displacement, and environmental shocks, calling for urgent spatial and institutional transformation.
Guided by four research questions, the study evaluates the structure, morphology, and performance of urban and rural
settlement systems; the functionality of service delivery and transport frameworks; population-resource balances; and the
applicability of international planning models. A combination of geospatial analysis, physical-value interaction matrices,
network and cluster models, and qualitative field insights are employed to analyse inter- and intra-regional inequalities,
migration dynamics, and development potentials.
To better conceptualize and analyze these linkages, the matrix cross-tabulates methodologies (e.g., network analysis,
spatial interaction models, typological classification) with topical issues (e.g., service delivery, energy access, climate
vulnerability, etc.,), enables a grounded, multi-scalar understanding of both physical and value interactions.
The research proposes a multi-scalar spatial planning framework that reinforces the role of small and intermediate towns,
enhances urban-rural connectivity, and promotes climate-resilient, inclusive development. Sub-regional typologies and
priority zones are delineated based on functional clustering and accessibility metrics. Policy scenarios and model-based
strategies are articulated to guide post-conflict recovery, institutional coordination, and long-term sustainability.
The dissertation contributes both theoretically and methodologically to regional planning scholarship by integrating
spatial analytics, social-ecological systems thinking, and multi-model synthesis. Its findings offer actionable insights for
the reconstruction and balanced development of the Tigray region, with broader relevance for post-conflict and climate-
vulnerable territories across the Global South
BIPV per coperture Tegola Canadese: innovazione per il patrimonio edilizio esistente
No full textL’articolo tratta il tema dell’integrazione dei sistemi fotovoltaici nelle coperture, con particolare riferimento ai sistemi BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaics) applicati alle coperture metalliche. Il contributo presenta lo stato dell’arte delle tecnologie disponibili, evidenziando gli aspetti tecnico-progettuali di particolare attualità e i possibili margini di miglioramento. Inoltre, il contributo riporta un caso studio significativo: un sistema BIPV integrato per coperture metalliche sviluppato da Tegola Canadese, che non richiede sottostrutture o tetti ventilati. Tale soluzione rappresenta il punto di partenza di un progetto di ricerca in corso di sviluppo in collaborazione con l’Università Iuav di Venezia, finalizzato all’ottimizzazione dell’integrazione architettonica dei sistemi fotovoltaici nelle copertur
Attori e azioni nella mezzaluna fertile dell’Arcella: dove si è innestata l’esperienza iNEST
No full textIl capitolo delinea il contesto in cui si è radicato il progetto iNEST, raccontando la progressiva costruzione di una rete territoriale fatta di associazioni, cooperative, gruppi informali e amministrazione pubblica che, nel tempo, hanno saputo generare progetti condivisi e forme di rigenerazione civica. La “mezzaluna fertile” del quartiere – che si estende dal Parco Milcovich all’ansa Borgomagno – viene descritta come un laboratorio diffuso dove la cittadinanza attiva ha trasformato luoghi marginali in beni comuni, sperimentando pratiche di cura e di appropriazione simbolica: dal Totem Park alla Casa di Quartiere, due esperienze emblematiche di infrastrutture civiche nate dal basso e oggi cardini di molte altre iniziative. È in questa rete di relazioni e alleanze che le azioni di iNEST hanno potuto innestarsi, trovando terreno fertile e interlocutori capaci di dialogare e consolidare alleanze per la ricerca-azion
Interdisciplinary Approaches for Assessing the Conservation Status of Abandoned Sites Using Multispectral Images at Different Investigation Scales. The Case Study of the Former Asylum of Rovigo
No full textThe study examines the conservation status of the historic Asylum in Rovigo, which was designed in accordance with the "no restraints" theories and the "small village type" architectural model. Construction of the pavilions spanned from 1906 to 1930, reflecting significant developments in the theories for psychiatric architecture of the early 20th century. The investigation aims to assess the current state of the structure and its historical significance within the broader context of institutional architecture in Italy. The site has been under study since 2015 by the Università Iuav di Venezia through institutional research agreements. In collaboration with the CIRCE Geomatics Lab, the methodology implements advanced multispectral imaging techniques to conduct a rigorous analysis of the interactions between overgrown vegetation and the conservation of buildings across various spatial scales combined with historical architectural traces and material sources. The research incorporated a multifaceted approach by integrating topographical analysis, Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), Mobile Mapping Systems (MMS), as well as Aerial and Terrestrial Photogrammetry, enhanced with the utilization of multispectral sensor technology. This innovative analytical framework enhances the understanding of the spatial dynamics inherent in the built and natural environments, thereby contributing to the fields of landscape architecture and its preservation. A comprehensive assessment of pavilion roofs has revealed significant conservation challenges at the architectural level and differentiates between deliberate design features and encroaching vegetation while giving the chance to prioritise urgent intervention strategies and related causes. The results offer a transferable model for the conservation of similar large-scale, historically significant sites, emphasising the value of multispectral technologies in addressing challenges posed by abandonment and overgrown vegetation