Rajesh Varma
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5017 research outputs found
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Prevalence and pattern of psychological disorders among key populations living with HIV/AIDS: findings from ECEWS supported global fund IMPACT project OSS centers in Southern Nigeria
No full textNigeria ranks third among countries with the highest burden of Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV) infection in the world. The 2019 Nigeria National HIV/AIDS Indicator and Impact Survey showed that 1.9 million people were living with HIV and AIDS in Nigeria as of 2018 [1].</p
Glimepiride induced Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH): A case report
No full textThe Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH) is an important cause of hyponatremia in hospitalized patients and can be caused by a variety of drugs. SIADH is a recognized side effect of 1st generation sulfonylurea (Chlorpropamide) due to its effect on vasopressin secretion. Here we described a 55-year-old woman with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes on glimepiride with SIADH presenting with anorexia, asthenia, and altered mental status. After the withdrawal of glimepiride, these symptoms were improved and sodium level returned to a normal value which demand monitoring of serum sodium level during treatment with glimepiride.</p
Hinduism and Prosthodontic Treatment: A Review and a Clinical Report of a Hindu Menopausal Woman
No full textHinduism is one of the world’s most populous religions. A matter in everyday dentistry is the use of products and materials that could limit dental treatment options because of religion. Menopause is a specific and critical period in a woman’s life when dental restorations or other dental procedures are needed. Some menopausal women face difficulty when performing dental care due to restrictions concerning their religion or vomiting symptoms. Religion and a hypersensitive vomit reaction in menopause may prevent the dental provider from choosing extended or complicated dental, mainly prosthodontic, treatment plans including bone grafts and dental implants, and consequently, these parameters can affect menopausal women’s quality of life.The purpose of this article is to review the current literature and to report a case of a 60-year-old Hindu menopausal woman, partially edentulous with an exaggerated vomiting reaction, focusing on successful clinical management using a simple but effective table salt technique for the gag reflex and proper fixed and removable prostheses design, as also to discuss how Hinduism affects the dental treatment plan, especially prosthodontic, because some products and their consistency used in dental implants and prosthodontics, are usually not acceptable due to this religion, affecting also menopausal womens’ quality of life.Because of the shift of population globally, the scientific community faces patients of different religions, faiths, traditions, and beliefs, and has to adjust socially to new conditions.</p
A teenager with life-threatening abdominal pain
No full textA previously healthy 17-year-old boy was admitted to our emergency department for fever, pharyngitis with cervical lymphadenopathy, abdominal pain, and vomiting for three days. On admission, he was afebrile and his vital signs were normal. Yet, following another vomiting episode, he developed another bout of abdominal pain. C-reactive protein was normal, haemoglobin 14.1 g/dl, WBC 15 x 103/µL, platelets 138 x 103/µL, AST 522 U/L, ALT 341 U/L, total bilirubin 4.75 mg/dl, with direct bilirubin 3.4 mg/dl; LDH level 689 U/L. </p
A rare form of complex cardiac anomaly
No full textCongenital corrected Transposition Of Great Arteries (TGA) is one of the rarest complex cardiac anomalies, comprising 1% of Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) and 20% of cases of fetal TGA [1,2]. It is characterized by an atrioventricular discordance with a concurrent ventricular-arterial discordance. Its features include the aorta, which arises from the left-sided morphologic right ventricle, anterior and left of the pulmonary artery. </p
Antimicrobial activity of bacteria isolated from <em>Leptinotarsa decemlineata</em> and <em>Solanum tuberosum</em>
No full textFrom the intestinal microbiota of Colorado potato beetles and their larvae (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), as well as from their feed – potato leaves, 18 bacteria of different species exhibiting antimicrobial activity (56% of the total number of isolated strains) were isolated. The species of bacteria from all three sources of excretion are different. The following 12 species were described for the first time in the gut microbiota of L. decemlineata larvae and imago: Micromonospora phytophila, Neobacillus drentensis, Pseudomonas gessardii, P. poae, P. rhizosphaerae, Pantoea agglomerans, Streptomyces chartreusis, S. clavifer, S. microflavus, S. rishiriensis, S. badius, and S. coelicoflavus. Antimicrobial activity was not previously known for three species (Staphylococcus argenteus, S. camponoticapitis, S. clavifer). Antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Leuconostoc mesenteroides, multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa, and Mycobacterium smegmatis was revealed. The gut microbiota of Colorado potato beetles can be considered an encouraging source of antibiotic–producing strains that overcome drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, as well components of biopesticides.</p
Vitamin D and safe journey
No full textWe present a hypothesis for low vitamin D as a sign of untimely relocation of the human being during its history. This improper displacement prone our species to infectious and non-infectious diseases during our life journey, low vitamin D is a sign that needs to be addressed as a marker of the unsafe journey in our lifetime not the cause for diseases that are associated with it and replacement of vitamin D is the least that we have done.</p
Pacific bioscience sequence technology: Review
No full textPacific Biosciences has developed a platform that may sequence one molecule of DNA in a period via the polymerization of that strand with one enzyme. Single-molecule real-time sequencing by Pacific BioSciences’ technology is one of the most widely utilized third-generation sequencing technologies. PacBio single-molecule real-time Sequencing uses the Zero-mode waveguide’s ingenuity to distinguish the best fluorescence signal from the stable fluorescent backgrounds generated by disorganized free-floating nucleotides. PacBio single-molecule real-time sequencing does not require PCR amplification, and the browse length is a hundred times longer than next-generation sequencing. It will only cover high-GC and high-repeat sections and is more accurate in quantifying low-frequency mutations. PacBio single-molecule real-time sequencing will have a relatively high error rate of 10%-15% (which is practically a standard flaw of existing single-molecule sequencing technology). In contrast to next-generation sequencing, however, the errors are unintentionally random. As a result, multiple sequencing will effectively rectify the bottom deviance. Unlike second-generation sequencing, PacBio sequencing may be a technique for period sequencing and doesn’t need an intermission between browse steps. These options distinguish PacBio sequencing from second-generation sequencing, therefore it’s classified because of the third-generation sequencing. PacBio sequencing produces extremely lengthy reads with a high error rate and low yield. Short reads refine alignments/assemblies/detections to single-nucleotide precision, whereas PacBio long reads provide reliable alignments, scaffolds, and approximate detections of genomic variations. Through extraordinarily long sequencing reads (average >10,000 bp) and high accord precision, the PacBio Sequencing System can provide a terribly high depth of genetic information. To measure and promote the event of modern bioinformatics tools for PacBio sequencing information analysis, a good browse machine is required.</p
Photodynamic therapy in a pleural cavity using monte carlo simulations with 2D/3D Graphical Visualization
No full textCancer therapy using Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) has been investigated for some time [1,2] and now it is a growing area of interest in clinical trials [3]. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were used for early laboratory studies [4,5] for analysis in PDT. Various improvements in the MC method have advanced the field in recent years.</p
Retroviruses: Reversing the dogma of life - A review
No full textRetroviruses replicate by means of reverse transcription, utilizing an enzyme, reverse transcriptase, in conjunction with integrase. Their elements have been found in humans, animals, fungi, plants, and bacteria alike. For millions of years, these elements are continuing to integrate into the eukaryotic genomes and affecting these organisms to date. Specifically, endogenous retroviruses have been shown to comprise a large portion of vertebrate genomes. Studies have shown that these microscopic viral elements within the genome are influencing gene expression and in turn evolution, by affecting adjacent gene expression patterns. In the medical field, these retroviruses can present illnesses for many, such as those living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus or Human T Cell Lymphotropic Viruses. With modern advances in bioinformatics, genomics, and drug design, retroviruses are being understood much better. A multitude of new discoveries is advancing the scientific communities to mitigate, prevent, and hopefully cure serious medical ailments caused by retroviruses.</p